OBJECTIVE: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is sensitive to ferroptosis, a new form of programmed cell death that occurs in most tumor types. However, the mechanism through which ferroptosis modulates HCC remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the oncogenic role and prognostic value of FANCD2 and provide novel insights into the prognostic assessment and prediction of immunotherapy. METHODS: Using clinicopathological parameters and bioinformatic techniques, we comprehensively examined the expression of FANCD2 macroscopically and microcosmically. We conducted univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses to identify the prognostic value of FANCD2 in HCC and elucidated the detailed molecular mechanisms underlying the involvement of FANCD2 in oncogenesis by promoting iron-related death. RESULTS: FANCD2 was significantly upregulated in digestive system cancers with abundant immune infiltration. As an independent risk factor for HCC, a high FANCD2 expression level was associated with poor clinical outcomes and response to immune checkpoint blockade. Gene set enrichment analysis revealed that FANCD2 was mainly involved in the cell cycle and CYP450 metabolism. CONCLUSION To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to comprehensively elucidate the oncogenic role of FANCD2. FANCD2 has a tumor-promoting aspect in the digestive system and acts as an independent risk factor in HCC; hence, it has recognized value for predicting tumor aggressiveness and prognosis and may be a potential biomarker for poor responsiveness to immunotherapy.
Humans ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/diagnosis* ; Liver Neoplasms/diagnosis* ; Immunotherapy ; Fanconi Anemia Complementation Group D2 Protein/metabolism* ; Prognosis ; Male ; Female ; Middle Aged ; Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism*

Objective To screen long non-coding RNA(lncRNA)associated with lymph node metasta-sis in papillary thyroid carcinoma(PTC)and verify its function in vitro,so as to provide a theoretical basis for elucidating the molecular mechanism of lymph node metastasis in PTC.Methods lncRNA+mRNA microar-ray was used to detect the differential expression of lncRNA and mRNA in PTC cancer tissues with and with-out lymph node metastasis.Real time fluorescence quantitative PCR(qPCR)verified target differential lncR-NAs.Lentivirus was used as vector to construct high and low lncRNA expression PTC cell lines.Cell counting kit-8(CCK-8),cell scratches assay,Transwell assay,cell clone formation assay were used to detect the effects of target lncRNA on proliferation,migration,invasion,clonal formation of PTC cells.Results Compared with 5 cases of PTC tissues without lymph node metastasis,gene chips detected 119 lncRNA and 53 mRNA expres-sion levels upregulated,while 263 lncRNA and 198 mRNA expression levels down regulated in 5 cases of PTC tissues with lymph node metastasis.Furthermore,21 lncRNAs were selected for validation in the original 10 PTC samples,and the results showed that,compared with PTC tissues without lymph node metastasis,lncR-NAs FLJ20444,DPP10-AS1 and ENST00000567197 were highly expressed in PTC tissues with lymph node metastasis,while uc021thd.1,LNC00944,ENST00000429730 and BLNK were lowly expressed(P＜0.05).In addition,qPCR results of another 30 fresh PTC tissues showed that compared with PTC tissues without lymph node metastasis,DPP10-AS1 was highly expressed and LNC00944 was lowly expressed in PTC tissues with lymph node metastasis(P＜0.05).Cell function experiments showed that the proliferation,migration,invasion,and colony formation abilities of PTC cells in the DPP10-AS1 high expression group were higher than those in the DPP10-AS1 low expression group,and the differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05).Conclusion lncRNA DPP10-AS1 may play a role in PTC metastasis through certain signaling pathways.

AIM To study the chemical constituents from Euphorbia humifusa Willd.and their in vitro anti-hepatoma activity.METHODS Silica gel,D101 macroporous adsorption resin and semi-preparative RP-HPLC were used for isolated and purified,then the structures of obtained compounds were identified by physicochemical properties and spectral data.The anti-hepatocellular carcinoma activity was determined by MTT mothod.RESULTS Eighteen compounds were isolated and identified as 22-O-angeloyl-R1-barrigenol(1),dimethyl 3,3'-[oxybis(4,1-phenylene)](2E,2'E)-diacrylate(2),N-(3-methoxy-1,3-dioxopropyl)-D-tryptophan methyl ester(3),N-acetyltryptophan methyl ester(4),N-(methoxycarbonyl)-tryptophan methyl ester(5),(3β,5α,17β)-4,4,8,14-tetramethyl-18-norandrostane-3,17-diol(6),3β,18,19β-trihydroxylupane(7),pregnenolone(8),3-hydroxy-5,6-epoxy-7-megastigmen-9-one(9),dehydrovomifoliol(10),loliolide(11),2,2'-oxybis(1,4-di-tert-butylbenzene)(12),dibutyl phthalate(13),4-methoxycinnamic acid(14),3,4-dimethoxycinnamic acid(15),methyl 4-hydroxybenzoate(16),kaempferol(17),quercetin(18).The IC50 values of compounds 1,7 and 8 on HepG2 cells were(17.27±0.92),(19.11±2.14)and(7.53±1.09)μmol/L,respectively.CONCLUSION Compounds 1-16 are first isolated from this plant.Compounds 1,7 and 8 have anti-hepatoma activity.

Spine fracture and dislocation are common traumatic spinal conditions that often require surgical intervention due to compromised spinal stability. Surgical approaches include anterior, posterior, and combined anterior-posterior spinal procedures. According to the specific surgical requirements, patients may be placed in the prone position or repositioned between prone and supine positions during surgery. Intraoperative repositioning has become an essential step in patient positioning. However, during repositioning, patients with spinal fracture and dislocation are at increased risk for complications such as hemodynamic instability, nerve injury, and pressure injuries to the skin and soft tissue. Notably, due to the instability of the spinal cord, even minor manipulations can further exacerbate the damage, potentially leading to severe outcomes like paraplegia. Although the current clinical guidelines provide instructive recommendations for standard position, there remains no specific protocols for intraoperative repositioning in patients with spine fracture and dislocation. With a concern for the lack of clinical studies on positioning techniques, risk prevention, and operational norms for special patients, no applicable guidelines or standards are available. A consensus was required to provide clinical reference, meet the requirements of surgical treatment, and minimize the safety risks of patients caused by improper placement of positions. Professional Committee of Operating Room Nursing of Shaanxi Nursing Association organized experts in nursing management and operating room nursing from major hospitals across China to formulate Expert consensus on intraoperative repositioning for patients with spinal fracture and dislocation ( version 2025). The consensus provides 11 recommendations covering pre-repositioning preparation, intraoperative maneuvers, and post-repositioning observation, aiming to provide references for clinical standardization of the intraoperative repositioning process and protection of patients′ safety.

Objective:To investigate the ultrasound characteristics and outcomes of congenital hepatic hemangioma (CHH).Methods:A retrospective study was conducted on 14 cases of CHH diagnosed by prenatal ultrasound and postnatal mother-infant rooming-in ultrasound examination at Women and Children's Hospital Affiliated to Ningbo University from April 2021 to March 2024. Prenatal and postnatal ultrasound findings, clinical manifestations, treatments, and outcomes of these cases were analyzed.Results:Among the 14 cases, the male-to-female ratio was 1∶1; six cases were preterm infants, including two low birth weight infants. Ten cases were diagnosed by prenatal ultrasound, and four with no abnormality in the prenatal ultrasound findings were identified through postnatal abdominal ultrasound. Eleven cases had a single hepatic lesion, and three cases had multiple lesions. Ten cases had lesions in the right lobe of the liver, three had lesions in the left lobe, and one had both lobes involved. One case presented with a giant hepatic hemangioma. The echogenicity of hepatic hemangioma lesions varied, including hyperechoic, hypoechoic, and heterogeneous echopattern. Two cases were complicated by arteriovenous fistulas. All 14 cases underwent regular ultrasound examinations and were followed up to an average of (1.2±0.9) years old, ranging from 42 d after birth to 4 years old. Eight cases received medication, while six cases were treated conservatively. One case developed progressive severe pulmonary hypertension and heart failure after birth, which was unresponsive to medication. The patient received interventional embolization one month after birth and recovered well after the surgery. The latest follow-up ultrasound findings showed that the lesions in seven cases had completely disappeared, among which five cases were solitary lesions in the right lobe of the liver, mostly 10-20 mm in size, with the largest being 33 mm×24 mm, all of which were treated conservatively. One case of single lesion in the right lobe of the liver, measuring 37 mm × 28 mm, was treated with oral propranolol and the lesion disappeared after the age of one. One case had multiple lesions in the left and right lobes of the liver. After intervention, oral propranolol was continued, and the lesions disappeared at the age of 2. And the other seven cases were still under follow-up.Conclusions:Ultrasound has high accuracy and specificity for diagnosing CHH. Close postnatal follow-up and timely management result in good outcomes and prognosis.

Objective To summarize the clinical and genetic characteristics of children with sodium taurocholate co-transporting polypeptide(NTCP)deficiency.Methods Clinical data of children with NTCP deficiency diagnosed and treated at the First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province from July 2022 to March 2025 were retrospectively analyzed.Results A total of 14 children were included(6 males,8 females),all with normal growth and development.Reasons for initial consultation included elevated serum bile acids in 7 cases,jaundice in 4 cases,cholestatic hepatitis in 1 case,and one case each of pneumonia and cow's milk protein allergy.At the first visit,all patients had elevated serum total bile acids beyond the normal range,with a mean of 152.5 μmol/L.Elevated alanine aminotransferase was observed in 1 case,elevated aspartate aminotransferase in 2 cases,and elevated total bilirubin in 10 cases.Genetic sequencing revealed that all children carried the homozygous SLC10A1 variant c.800C>T(p.Ser267Phe),classified as likely pathogenic.Conclusions NTCP deficiency often lacks obvious clinical symptoms and signs.Some children present with transient hyperbilirubinemia,cholestasis,or other liver function abnormalities.Persistent isolated elevation of serum bile acids warrants suspicion for this disease.Biallelic pathogenic variants in SLC10A1 constitute the basis for definitive diagnosis.There is no specific treatment for this disease,and management is mainly symptomatic.

Acute lung injury(ALI) is a critical clinical condition primarily characterized by refractory hypoxemia and infiltration of inflammatory cells in lung tissue, which can progress into a more severe form known as acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS). Immune cells and inflammatory cytokines play important roles in the progression of the disease. Due to its unclear pathogenesis and the lack of effective clinical treatments, ALI is associated with a high mortality rate and severely affects patients' quality of life, making the search for effective therapeutic agents particularly urgent. Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma, the dried root of the perennial herb Panax ginseng from the Araliaceae family, contains active ingredients such as saponins and polysaccharides, which possess various pharmacological effects including anti-tumor activity, immune regulation, and metabolic modulation. In recent years, studies have shown that ginsenosides exhibit notable effects in reducing inflammation, ameliorating epithelial and endothelial cell injury, and providing anticoagulant action, indicating their comprehensive role in alleviating lung injury. This review summarizes the pathogenesis of ALI and the molecular mechanisms through which ginsenosides act at different stages of ALI development. The aim is to provide a scientific reference for the development of ginsenoside-based drugs targeting ALI, as well as a theoretical basis for the clinical application of Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma in the treatment of ALI.
Ginsenosides/pharmacology* ; Humans ; Acute Lung Injury/immunology* ; Animals ; Panax/chemistry* ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal

OBJECTIVES: To explore the application of the colloidal gold method and chemiluminescence method in detecting gonadotropin (Gn) in morning urine for assessing pubertal development status in children. METHODS: A total of 132 children diagnosed with central precocious puberty (CPP), early and fast puberty (EFP), and premature thelarche (PT) at Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine from November 2021 to December 2022 were included, along with 685 healthy children who underwent routine health examinations at the hospital's pediatric health care department during the same period. All 132 patients underwent a gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) stimulation test. Both patients and healthy children had their urinary Gn levels measured using the colloidal gold method and chemiluminescence method, including levels of luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). The correlation between serum Gn and urinary Gn detected by the two methods, as well as the correlation between Tanner stages of healthy children and urinary Gn, was analyzed. RESULTS: Urine Gn levels detected by both the colloidal gold method and chemiluminescence method showed a positive correlation with serum LH baseline values, LH peak values, baseline LH/FSH ratios, and peak LH/FSH ratios (P<0.05). In healthy children, urinary LH levels detected by the chemiluminescence method gradually increased from Tanner stage Ⅰ to Ⅳ (P<0.05), while urinary FSH levels were lower in Tanner stage I than in stages Ⅱ, Ⅲ, and IV (P<0.05). Urinary LH levels detected by the colloidal gold method were lower in Tanner stage I compared to stages Ⅱ, Ⅲ, and IV, with the highest levels observed in Tanner stage Ⅳ (P<0.05). Additionally, urinary FSH levels in Tanner stage Ⅲ were higher than in stages Ⅰ and Ⅱ (P<0.05). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for evaluating Tanner stages I and II in healthy children using urinary LH and FSH levels by the chemiluminescence method and urinary LH levels by the colloidal gold method were 0.730, 0.699, and 0.783, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The colloidal gold method and chemiluminescence method for detecting Gn in morning urine show good correlation with serum Gn levels. As a non-invasive and convenient detection method, the colloidal gold method can serve as a useful tool for screening the onset of pubertal development in children.
Humans ; Child ; Male ; Female ; Gold Colloid ; Luminescent Measurements/methods* ; Gonadotropins/urine* ; Puberty ; Luteinizing Hormone/urine* ; Child, Preschool ; Adolescent ; Follicle Stimulating Hormone/urine*

Body weight abnormalities, including overweight, obesity, and underweight, have become a dual public health challenge in Chinese adults: overweight and obesity lead to a variety of chronic complications, while underweight increases the risks of malnutrition, sarcopenia, and organ dysfunction. To systematically address these issues, multidisciplinary experts in endocrinology, sports science, nutrition, and psychiatry from various regions have held multiple weight management seminars. Based on the latest epidemiological data and clinical evidence, they expanded the guideline to include assessment and intervention strategies for underweight, in addition to the core content of obesity management. This guideline outlines the etiological mechanisms, evaluation methods, and multidimensional management strategies for overweight and obesity, covering key areas such as diagnosis and assessment, medical nutrition therapy, exercise prescription, pharmacological intervention, and psychological support. It is intended to provide a scientific and standardized approach to weight management across the adult population, aiming to curb the rising prevalence of obesity, mitigate complications associated with abnormal body weight, and improve nutritional status and overall quality of life.

Purpose To investigate the genetic mutation characteristics and its correlation with clinicopathologic characteristics of radioactive iodine-refractory papillary thyroid cancer(RAIR-PTC).Methods PTC gene mutation detection kit was constructed based on the characteristics of PTC gene mutation.37 cases of RAIR-PTC tumor samples and 36 cases of radioiodine-avid thyroid papillary carcinoma tumor samples were detected by multiple PCR sequencing.The mutation of PTC tumor samples was identified by bioinformatics analysis,and the correlation between gene muta-tions and clinicopathological characteristics of patients was statistically analyzed.Results BRAF,TERT,TP53,AKT1 and NRAS gene mutations were detected in RAIR-PTC tumor samples,with BRAF V600E and TERT promoter mutation rates of 70.3％and 24.3％,respectively.Gene mutation of RAIR-PTC often manifested as the accumulation of multiple gene mutations,with co-mutations of BRAF or RAS and TERT promoter being the most common,and these co-mutations were significantly associated with patients'progression-free survival of PTC.Conclusion The accumula-tion of gene mutation can promote the occurrence of RAIR-PTC.TERT promoter mutation is a late event of PTC.TERT promoter mutation and co-mutations of BRAF or RAS and TERT promoter can help to evaluate the possibility of iodine refractory in PTC patients,in whom the therapeutic effect of radioactive iodine should be closely monitored and the ac-curate and effective treatment should be took as soon as possible.