OBJECTIVES: To explore the relationship between white matter injury (WMI) and cerebral perfusion in preterm infants using arterial spin labeling (ASL). METHODS: A total of 293 preterm infants (gestational age <34 weeks) hospitalized at the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University between June 2022 and June 2024 were included. After achieving clinical stability, the infants underwent brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and ASL. Based on MRI findings, infants were classified into WMI (n=66) and non-WMI (n=227) groups. Cerebral perfusion parameters were compared between groups, and the association between WMI and perfusion alterations was evaluated. RESULTS: The WMI group showed a higher incidence of mild intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) than the non-WMI group (P<0.05). Significantly lower cerebral perfusion was observed in the WMI group across bilateral frontal, temporal, parietal, and occipital lobes, as well as the basal ganglia and thalamus (P<0.05). After adjusting for gestational age, corrected gestational age at ASL scan, and mild IVH, WMI remained significantly associated with reduced regional perfusion (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS WMI in preterm infants correlates with localized cerebral hypoperfusion. ASL-detected perfusion abnormalities may provide novel insights into WMI pathogenesis.
Humans ; White Matter/blood supply* ; Infant, Newborn ; Spin Labels ; Infant, Premature ; Female ; Male ; Cerebrovascular Circulation ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Dayuanyin (DYY) has been shown to reduce lung inflammation in both coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and lung injury. This experiment was designed to investigate the efficacy and mechanism of action of DYY against hypoxic pulmonary hypertension (HPH) and to evaluate the effect of DYY on the protection of lung function. Animal welfare and experimental procedures are approved and in accordance with the provision of the Animal Ethics Committee of the Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science. Male C57/BL6J mice were randomly divided into 4 groups: control group, model group, DYY group (800 mg·kg^-1), and positive control sildenafil group (100 mg·kg^-1). The animals were given control solvents or drugs by gavage three days in advance. On day 4, the animals in the model group, DYY group and sildenafil group were kept in a hypoxic chamber containing 10% ± 0.5% oxygen, and the animals in the control group were kept in a normal environment, and the control solvent or drugs continued to be given continuously for 14 days. The right ventricular systolic pressure, right ventricular hypertrophy index, organ indices and other metrics were measured in the experimental endpoints. Meantime, the expression levels of the inflammatory factors in mice lung tissues were measured. The potential therapeutic targets of DYY on pulmonary hypertension were predicted using network pharmacology, the expression of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathway-related proteins were measured by Western blot assay. It was found that DYY significantly reduced the right ventricular systolic pressure, attenuated lung injury and decreased the expression of inflammatory factors in mice. It can also inhibit hypoxia-induced activation of NF-κB signaling pathway. DYY has a protective effect on lung function, as demonstrated by DYY has good efficacy in HPH, and preventive administration can slow down the disease progression, and its mechanism may be related to inhibit the activation of NF-κB and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) by DYY.

OBJECTIVE: To observe the efficacy and safety of different induction regimens of same total dosage of azacitidine (Aza), including standard dose (standard dose group) and low-dose long-term (adjusted dose group), in the treatment of elderly acute myeloid leukemia (AML). METHODS: A total of 103 elderly patients with AML (non-acute promyelocytic leukemia) from January 2020 to June 2021 were enrolled. Aza was administered at the standard dose of 75 mg/(m²·d) for 7 days in the standard dose group (50 cases), while at 100 mg/d for 7-12 days in the adjusted dose group (53 cases). The administration days in adjusted dose group was calculated based on the total standard dose of the patient's single course of treatment. The efficacy and safety between standard dose group and adjusted dose group were compared. Subgroup analysis were performed in the two groups for Aza alone, Aza combined with BCL-2 inhibitor, and Aza combined with low-dose chemotherapy for efficacy and safety. RESULTS: There were no significant differences in overall response rate (ORR), incidence of adverse reaction, and 1-year overall survival (OS) rate between standard dose group and adjusted dose group (P >0.05). The ORR of combination was higher than that of Aza alone (P < 0.05), while there was no significant difference in ORR between Aza combined with BCL-2 inhibitor and Aza combined with low-dose chemotherapy (P >0.05). The combination of BCL-2 inhibitor did not increase the incidence of adverse reactions compared wtih Aza alone. There was a higher risk of myelosuppression and pulmonary infection with a combination of low-dose chemotherapy than with a combination of BCL-2 inhibitor and Aza alone (P <0.05). No significant difference was observed in 1-year OS between Aza alone, Aza combined with BCL-2 inhibitor, and Aza combined with low-dose chemotherapy (P >0.05). CONCLUSIONS Both two induction regimens can be used in elderly AML patients who cannot tolerate intensive chemotherapy with similar overall effectiveness and safety. Aza combined with low-dose chemotherapy may result in increased ORR and an increased incidence of serious adverse reactions, and may not result in longer survival compared with Aza alone. Aza combined with BCL-2 inhibitor not only has similar effect in complete remission, objective response rate, and OS compared with Aza combined with low-dose chemotherapy, but also has higher safety.
Humans ; Aged ; Azacitidine/therapeutic use* ; Prospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/etiology* ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is an, intractable inflammatory autoimmune disease characterized by T-cell infiltration to the colon. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), owing to their immunosuppressive capabilities, have the potential to rescue IBD. But the therapeutic effectiveness of MSCs is sometime thwarted by their variable immunomodulatory ability in vivo. In the present study, we produced engineered MSCs that secrete interleukin10 (IL-10) and evaluated their therapeutic potential in IBD mouse model. The MSCs maintained the phenotype and cell proliferation rate after overexpression of IL-10 by lentivirus (LV) infection. Immune cells and MSCs in vitro co-culture systems exhibited that relative to unmodified MSCs, immune cells co-cultured with IL-10-overexpressing MSCs had significantly lower numbers of T helper 1 cells (Th1) and T helper 17 cells (Th17) (P<0.05), the content of TNF-α in the supernatant of macrophage cells co-cultured with MSCs overexpressing IL-10 was significantly decreased (P<0.0001). Tail vein injection of the IL-10 overexpressing MSCs achieved a better therapeutic effect in the dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) induced colitis mouse model than that of the unmodified MSCs, as indicated by colon length, disease activity index (DAI) and colonic cytokines expression. The experimental results were statistically different (P>0.05). Overall, LV induced MSCs overexpressing IL-10 might be a promising alternative therapeutic option for the treatment of IBD.

Objective : To explore the "clinical normal reference range" of pulpal blood flow (PBF) in the physiological state in an effort to provide a reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment. Methods: According to the working principle and operational considerations of laser Doppler flowmetry (LDF), the PBF blood flow value of the first molars of the upper and lower mandibles of normal adults was detected by LDF, and the clinical reference value range under physiological conditions was analyzed and calculated. The differences in PBF values by sex, dental position and location (left and right side, upper and lower jaw) were analyzed. Results : A total of 200 normal adult participants with an average age of (22.76 ± 3.26) years were included. The cohort included 95 males and 105 females, with a total of 800 first molars. Neither the PBF values of the left and right first molars nor the PBF values of the upper and lower first molars in males or females significantly differed (P>0.05). The PBF value for females was higher than that of males. Specifically, the clinical reference PBF values for males and females were (8.56 ± 3.25) PU and (9.51 ± 3.47) PU, respectively. Conclusion The PBF values of normal adult first molars in healthy subjects were higher in females than in males, and in the PBF values of first molars of the same sex did not significantly differ between the left side and right side or upper and lower jaw; these values could be used as a reference for the selection of control teeth.

Objective: Most acute promyelocytic leukemia cases are characterized by the PML-RARa fusion oncogene and low white cell counts in peripheral blood. Methods: Based on the frequent overexpression of miR-125-family miRNAs in acute promyelocytic leukemia, we examined the consequence of this phenomenon by using an inducible mouse model overexpressing human miR-125b. Results: MiR-125b expression significantly accelerates PML-RARa-induced leukemogenesis, with the resultant induced leukemia being partially dependent on continued miR-125b overexpression. Interestingly, miR-125b expression led to low peripheral white cell counts to bone marrow blast percentage ratio, confirming the clinical observation in acute promyelocytic leukemia patients. Conclusion This study suggests that dysregulated miR-125b expression is actively involved in disease progression and pathophysiology of acute promyelocytic leukemia, indicating that targeting miR-125b may represent a new therapeutic option for acute promyelocytic leukemia.
Animals ; Humans ; Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute/metabolism* ; Mice ; MicroRNAs/genetics* ; Oncogene Proteins, Fusion/therapeutic use*

Objective To explore the predictive value of the expression of CD44v6 and EGFR on the efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) in stageⅡ-Ⅲ cervical cancer. Methods A total of 53 patients with stageⅡ-Ⅲ cervical cancer diagnosed by pathology were selected. All patients received two cycles of paclitaxel+platinum NACT. The pathological tissue samples of cervical tumors before NACT treatment were collected. The expression of CD44v6 and EGFR were detected by the immunohistochemical SP method, and we analyzed their predictive value of NACT in stageⅡ-Ⅲ cervical cancer. Results Among the 53 patients, 38 were in the NACT effective group (CR+PR), and 15 were in the NACT ineffective group (SD+PD). The expression of CD44v6 in the ineffective group was significantly higher than that in the effective group (P < 0.05). The expression of CD44v6 was significantly different in patients with CR, PR, and SD (P < 0.05). The AUC of CD44v6 to NACT effect on stage Ⅱ-Ⅲ cervical cancer was 0.74 (P < 0.05). The patients in the high expression group of CD44v6 had worse efficacy in NACT than those in the low expression group of CD44v6 (P < 0.05). Pearson test showed that CD44v6 and EGFR expression were correlated (R=0.34, P < 0.05). Conclusion High expression of CD44v6 may reduce the efficacy of NACT in stageⅡ-Ⅲ cervical cancer, suggesting that the expression of CD44v6 has a certain predictive value and clinical significance in the efficacy of paclitaxel+platinum NACT on cervical cancer. Moreover, CD44v6 is positively correlated with EGFR expression.

OBJECTIVE： To provide reference for improving the utilization rate of medical resources， the compliance of patients with chemotherapy and the rational use of drugs. METHODS： The working model of day-time chemtherapy center and the model of full-course pharmaceutical care were introduced in our hospital. The effects of full-course pharmaceutical care were summarized. RESULTS： As one of the core team members of the multidisciplinary collaborative working group on day-time chemotherapy， clinical pharmacists participated in the selection of chemotherapy schemes， the formulation of clinical pathways， the formulation of inclusion criteria for patients undergoing day-time chemotherapy， and the participation in information management of day-time chemotherapy centers. With the intervention of clinical pharmacists， prescription pharmacists and dispensing pharmacists， the patients were provided with full-course pharmaceutical care relying on pharmacy intravenous admixture service （PIVAS）， including the combination of pre-reviewing and real-time reviewing to examine and verify the medical orders for chemotherapeutic drugs， standardizing deployment of PIVAS chemotherapeutic drugs， real-time monitoring of the whole process of drug use in the background with the help of closed-loop management information system， actively providing pharmaceutical care， medication education and so on. The full-course pharmaceutical care model could effectively reduce irrational drug use. The qualified rates of chemotherapy pretreatment， hydration rate， administration sequence， flushing tube， placement time， drip rate for chemotherapy injection increased from 76％， 50％， 94％， 50％， 54％， 54％ before providing full-course pharmaceutical course （May-Jul. 2017） to 100％， 100％， 100％， 100％， 94％ and 96％ after providing full-course pharmaceutical course （Sept.-Nov. 2017）. CONCLUSIONS： The development of full-course pharmaceutical care in day-time chemotherapy center can improve the utilization of medical resources， patient compliance and rational drug use.

BACKGROUNDCleidocranial dysplasia (CCD) is an autosomal dominant disease that affects the skeletal system. Common symptoms of CCD include hypoplasia or aplasia of the clavicles, delayed or even absent closure of the fontanels, midface hypoplasia, short stature, and delayed eruption of permanent and supernumerary teeth. Previous studies reported a connection between CCD and the haploinsufficiency of runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2). Here, we report a sporadic Chinese case presenting typical symptoms of CCD.

METHODSWe made genetic testing on this sporadic Chinese case and identified a novel RUNX2 frameshift mutation: c.1111dupT. In situ immunofluorescence microscopy and osteocalcin promoter luciferase assay were performed to compare the functions of the RUNX2 mutation with those of wild-type RUNX2.

RESULTSRUNX2 mutation was observed in the perinuclear region, cytoplasm, and nuclei. In contrast, wild-type RUNX2 was confined in the nuclei, which indicated that the subcellular compartmentalization of RUNX2 mutation was partially perturbed. The transactivation function on osteocalcin promoter of the RUNX2 mutation was obviously abrogated.

CONCLUSIONSWe identified a sporadic CCD patient carrying a novel insertion/frameshift mutation of RUNX2. This finding expanded our understanding of CCD-related phenotypes.

Adolescent ; Cell Nucleus ; metabolism ; Cleidocranial Dysplasia ; genetics ; Core Binding Factor Alpha 1 Subunit ; genetics ; Female ; Frameshift Mutation ; genetics ; Humans ; Microscopy, Fluorescence ; Mutation

Moxibustion is an ancient therapeutic technique used in Chinese medicine. Governor Vessel moxibustion (GVM) was developed from long snake moxibustion, a popular technique used in China's Jiangsu and Zhejiang Provinces, and is significantly more effective than general moxibustion. We aimed to review GVM, including its theoretical basis, choices of moxibustion points and materials, operation procedures, clinical applications, and contraindications. This information could increase the appropriate use of GVM and support further in-depth research.