Objective:To retrospectively evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of total 3D laparo-scopic ileal ureters replacement for bilateral ureters combined with bladder augmentation in patients with post-radiotherapy long-segment bilateral ureteral strictures and contracted bladder.Methods:Clinical data of two patients(aged 72 and 54 years)with radiation-induced long-segment bilateral ureteral stric-tures and reduced bladder capacity,treated at the Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University from Octo-ber 2023 to June 2024,were analyzed.Both presented with bilateral flank pain,recurrent chills/fever,urinary frequency,and urgency.Preoperative ureteral stricture lengths were measured as follows:left 10.4 cm and right 8.7 cm in the first case;left 10.6 cm and right 11.7 cm in the second case.Bladder capacity assessed by nephrostomy-assisted antegrade urography was 90 mL and 130 mL respectively.Both underwent single-position,one-stage totally 3D laparoscopic bilateral ileal ureteral replacement and blad-der augmentation based on membrane anatomy principles,with regular postoperative follow-up.Results:Procedures were completed by the same experienced urologist.Operative times were 420 min and 355 min,with intraoperative blood loss of 50 mL(no transfusion required).Postoperative bowel function re-sumed at the end of 4.5 and 3 days.No major perioperative complications occurred.Ureteral stents were removed at 2 months postoperatively,with imaging showing improved hydronephrosis,unobstructed ure-teral drainage,symmetrical bladder morphology,and smooth walls.Postoperative bladder capacities were 230 mL and 250 mL.Follow-up durations were 10 and 8 months.Both patients experienced significant relief of flank pain and lower urinary tract symptoms.No complications(enteric fistula,urinary fistula,or metabolic acidosis)were observed.At the final follow-up,one patient had mildly elevated serum cre-atinine,while the other showed reduced levels compared with preoperative values;both remained stable.Conclusion:Membrane anatomy-based dissection facilitates safe mobilization of fibrotic ureters with mini-mal bleeding and collateral damage.Total intracorporeal 3D laparoscopic ileal ureters replacement for bi-lateral ureters combined with bladder augmentation effectively addresses long-segment ureteral obstruction and improves bladder capacity.This approach is technically safe and feasible,though further validation with larger clinical cohorts is warranted.

Objective:To retrospectively evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of total 3D laparo-scopic ileal ureters replacement for bilateral ureters combined with bladder augmentation in patients with post-radiotherapy long-segment bilateral ureteral strictures and contracted bladder.Methods:Clinical data of two patients(aged 72 and 54 years)with radiation-induced long-segment bilateral ureteral stric-tures and reduced bladder capacity,treated at the Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University from Octo-ber 2023 to June 2024,were analyzed.Both presented with bilateral flank pain,recurrent chills/fever,urinary frequency,and urgency.Preoperative ureteral stricture lengths were measured as follows:left 10.4 cm and right 8.7 cm in the first case;left 10.6 cm and right 11.7 cm in the second case.Bladder capacity assessed by nephrostomy-assisted antegrade urography was 90 mL and 130 mL respectively.Both underwent single-position,one-stage totally 3D laparoscopic bilateral ileal ureteral replacement and blad-der augmentation based on membrane anatomy principles,with regular postoperative follow-up.Results:Procedures were completed by the same experienced urologist.Operative times were 420 min and 355 min,with intraoperative blood loss of 50 mL(no transfusion required).Postoperative bowel function re-sumed at the end of 4.5 and 3 days.No major perioperative complications occurred.Ureteral stents were removed at 2 months postoperatively,with imaging showing improved hydronephrosis,unobstructed ure-teral drainage,symmetrical bladder morphology,and smooth walls.Postoperative bladder capacities were 230 mL and 250 mL.Follow-up durations were 10 and 8 months.Both patients experienced significant relief of flank pain and lower urinary tract symptoms.No complications(enteric fistula,urinary fistula,or metabolic acidosis)were observed.At the final follow-up,one patient had mildly elevated serum cre-atinine,while the other showed reduced levels compared with preoperative values;both remained stable.Conclusion:Membrane anatomy-based dissection facilitates safe mobilization of fibrotic ureters with mini-mal bleeding and collateral damage.Total intracorporeal 3D laparoscopic ileal ureters replacement for bi-lateral ureters combined with bladder augmentation effectively addresses long-segment ureteral obstruction and improves bladder capacity.This approach is technically safe and feasible,though further validation with larger clinical cohorts is warranted.

Objective:To compare the characteristics of background mucosa, lesion features, and the efficiency of endoscopic submucosal dissection(ESD)between elderly and non-elderly patients with early gastric cancer(EGC).Methods:This study retrospectively collected data on patients with EGC who underwent ESD treatment at Beijing Hospital from April 2020 to December 2022.The clinical characteristics, background mucosa, lesion features, ESD outcomes, and pathological results of the patients were analyzed to compare the differences between elderly and non-elderly patients.Results:A total of 100 patients with EGC were selected, comprising 57 patients in the elderly group and 43 patients in the non-elderly group, with a total of 111 lesions identified(64 lesions in the elderly group and 47 lesions in the non-elderly group).The proportion of patients with a history of chronic atrophic gastritis was significantly higher in the elderly group(89.5%、51/57)compared to the non-elderly group(74.4%、32/43), with a statistically significant difference( P=0.047).Additionally, the difference in the extent of atrophy between elderly patients with EGC and their non-elderly counterparts was statistically significant( P=0.022).Among these patients, the proportion of those classified as Kimura-Takemoto C0 to C1 in the elderly group(15.6%、10/64)was lower than that in the non-elderly group(40.4%、19/47).In contrast, the proportion of patients classified as C2 to C3 in the elderly group(65.6%、42/64)was higher than that in the non-elderly group(51.1%、24/47), and the proportion of those classified as O1 to O3 in elderly patients(12.5%、8/64)was also higher than in the non-elderly group(4.3%、2/47).Furthermore, the difference in the extent of intestinal metaplasia between elderly and non-elderly patients with early gastric cancer was statistically significant( P=0.007).The overall proportion of total intestinal metaplasia in elderly patients(85.9%、55/64)was significantly higher than that in non-elderly patients(61.7%、29/47).Notably, the proportion of patients exhibiting extensive intestinal metaplasia(intestinal metaplasia present in both the gastric antrum and gastric body)was greater in the elderly group(43.8%、28/64)compared to the non-elderly group(23.4%、11/47).The Kyoto gastric cancer risk endoscopic score for elderly patients with EGC was(2.43±1.28)points, significantly higher than that of the non-elderly group(1.72±1.41)points, with a statistically significant difference observed( t=2.778, P=0.006).No statistically significant differences were observed in the proportions of total resection rates, R0 resections, curative resections, or postoperative complications following ESD when comparing elderly patients with EGC to their non-elderly counterparts. Conclusions:The proportion of extensive atrophy and intestinal metaplasia was higher in the background mucosa of elderly patients with EGC, and correspondingly, the Kyoto endoscopic gastric cancer risk score was elevated.Therefore, endoscopic examinations for elderly patients with chronic atrophic gastritis should be conducted with greater care and comprehensiveness.

Antifungal Agents/therapeutic use* ; Child ; Fusariosis/drug therapy* ; Humans ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/drug therapy*

Abstract: The loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) technique is a technique for the specific and efficient amplification of target fragments at a constant temperature using two pairs of specially designed primers and a strand displacement activity DNA polymerase. LAMP technique is a simple, rapid, specific, sensitive and cost-effective nucleic acid amplification method, and therefore has a promising future in the field rapid detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and grassroots applications. In this review, the basic principles and characteristics of the LAMP technique, the main molecular markers for the diagnosis of tuberculosis, and the use of different molecular markers and various types of novel techniques in the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis, extrapulmonary tuberculosis, and drug-resistant tuberculosis were described. The LAMP technique has been widely used in the diagnosis of tuberculosis with high sensitivity and specificity, but the technique still has some shortcomings. This paper reviews the progress of its application in tuberculosis in recent years and provides an outlook on its development, with a view to providing a rational research direction for rapid diagnosis of tuberculosis in a resource-limited environment.

Objective:To study the international situation of technology innovation and transfer, to improve the performance in the health field of China.Methods:Collect data and status quo of innovation and transformation of scientific and technological achievements in 10 World-class research universities and hospitals through literature review, and conduct summary analysis.Results:According to the study, the health field is the main arena of technology innovation and transfer in which the status of the main body of innovation of hospitals cannot be ignored, and the transformation ability of some hospitals is higher than universities.Technology innovation and transfer in the health field is characterized by multiple disciplines, long-term and high cost, and it is necessary to build a full ecological chain from research and development (R&D) to production and commercialization.Conclusions:The dominant position of the health field and hospitals in technology innovation and transfer needs to be emphasized.Interdisciplinary collaboration and innovative economy building should be strengthened.

Objective:To summarize the patient profiles and therapeutic efficacies of ABO-incompatible living-related kidney transplantations at 19 domestic transplant centers and provide rationales for clinical application of ABOi-KT.Methods:Clinical cases of ABO-incompatible/compatible kidney transplantation (ABOi-KT/ABOc-KT) from December 2006 to December 2009 were collected. Then, statistical analyses were conducted from the aspects of tissue matching, perioperative managements, complications and survival rates of renal allograft or recipients.Results:Clinical data of 342 ABOi-KT and 779 ABOc-KT indicated that (1) no inter-group differences existed in age, body mass index (BMI), donor-recipient relationship or waiting time of pre-operative dialysis; (2) ABO blood type: blood type O recipients had the longest waiting list and transplantations from blood type A to blood type O accounted for the largest proportion; (3) HLA matching: no statistical significance existed in mismatch rate or positive rate of PRA I/II between two types of surgery; (4) CD20 should be properly used on the basis of different phrases; (5) hemorrhage was a common complication during an early postoperative period and microthrombosis appeared later; (6) no difference existed in postoperative incidence of complications or survival rate of renal allograft and recipients at 1/3/5/10 years between ABOi-KT and ABOc-KT. The acute rejection rate and serum creatinine levels of ABOi-KT recipients were comparable to those of ABOc-KT recipients within 1 year.Conclusions:ABOi-KT is both safe and effective so that it may be applied at all transplant centers as needed.

This study was aimed to investigate the radioprotective effects of recombinant human interleukin-12 (rhIL-12) on monkey hematopoietic system, and to provide experimental evidence for future clinical prophylaxis and treatment for patients who suffered from acute radiation syndrome. In in vitro study, the effect of rhIL-12 in different concentrations (0, 1, 5, 25, 125 and 625 ng/ml) on colony forming capacity of human or monkey bone marrow-derived mononuclear cells was examined in methylcellulose H4434 medium. In in vivo study, the acute radiation syndrome model was established in 11 Rhesus monkeys which received lethal total body irradiation by 6 Gy (60)Co γ in single time irradiation. The irradiated monkeys were randomly divided into 3 subgroups: control group (n = 4) which received subcutaneous PBS injection, rhIL-12 single-dose group (n = 3) which received subcutaneous single injection of rhIL-12 (4 µg/kg) at 2 h after irradiation, and multiple-dose group (n = 4) which received subcutaneous injection of rhIL-12 (1 µg/kg per injection) at 2 h, day 3, 6 and 9 after irradiation respectively. Peripheral blood cells were counted before and after irradiation every other day. The survival status of animals were observed daily. In vitro test results showed that different concentrations of rhIL-12 obviously promoted human and healthy monkeys' bone marrow mononuclear cells to form various hematopoietic progenitor cell colonies, especial CFU-E and CFU-GM. All animals in control group died within 22 d after lethal total body irradiation, average survival time was (20.3 ± 1.2) d. Only one monkey in multiple-dose group died due to anemia on day 17. All monkeys in single-dose group survived. Compared with control group, rhIL-12-administrated monkeys' white blood cell count, hemoglobin level, platelet and reticulocyte counts showed faster recovery from high dose radiation. It is concluded that the rhIL-12 treatment can promote the bone marrow hematopoietic stem/progenitor cell colony formation in vitro and protect lethally-irradiated monkeys. There is an obvious therapeutic effect of rhIL-12 on monkeys suffered from bone marrow failure caused by severe acute radiation exposure.
Animals ; Bone Marrow Cells ; cytology ; drug effects ; radiation effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Hematopoietic Stem Cells ; drug effects ; radiation effects ; Humans ; Interleukin-12 ; pharmacology ; Macaca mulatta ; Radiation-Protective Agents ; pharmacology ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins ; pharmacology

Objective To evaluate the effects of different concentrations of sevoflurane anesthesia on longterm learning and memory abilities in neonatal rats.Methods Twenty-seven neonatal Sprague-Dawley rats of both sexes,aged 7 days,weighing 12-20 g,were randomly assigned into 3 groups (n =9 each):control group (C group),2％ sevoflurane group (S1 group) and 3％ sevoflurane group (S2 group).Groups C,S1 and S2 inhaled air,2 ％ sevoflurane and 3 ％ sevofluran for 4 h,respectively.The neonatal rats were reared to 35 days old and underwent open field test,to 36 days old and underwent Morris water maze test,and to 42 days old and underwent continuous multiple-trail inhibition avoidance training.Results Open field test:There was no significant difference in the movement time,movement speed and the time the animals spent in the central square among the 3 groups (P ＞ 0.05).Morris water maze test:Compared with C group,the looking for platform latency on 2nd-5th days in S2 group and on 2nd-3rd days in S1 group was significantly prolonged,and the percentage of time of staying at the platform quadrant was decreased in S1 and S2 groups (P ＜ 0.05 or 0.01).The looking for platform latency on 3rd4th days in S2 group was significantly longer than that in group S1 (P ＜ 0.05).Continuous multiple-trail inhibition avoidance training:The latency detected at 24 h after training was significantly shorter in S1 and S2 groups than in group C (P ＜ 0.05),and in group S2 than in S1 group (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Sevoflurane anesthesia decreases the long-term learning and memory function in neonatal rats in a concentration-dependent manner.

BACKGROUNDNucleus pulposus of intervertebral discs has proinflammatory characteristics that play a key role in neuropathic pain in lumbar herniated intervertebral disc. One of the most commonly used animal models (the traditional model) of non-compressive lumbar herniated intervertebral disc is created by L4-L5 hemilaminectomy and the application of autologous nucleus pulposus to cover the left L4 and L5 nerve roots in rats. However, such procedures have the disadvantages of excessive trauma and low success rate. We proposed a modified model of non-compressive lumbar herniated intervertebral disc in which only the left L5 dorsal root ganglion is exposed and transplanted with autologous nucleus pulposus following incision of epineurium. We aimed to compare the modified model with the traditional one with regard to trauma and success rate.

METHODSThirty Sprague-Dawley male rats were randomized into three groups: sham operation group (n = 6), traditional group (n = 12), and modified group (n = 12). The amount of blood loss and operative time for each group were analyzed. The paw withdrawal threshold of the left hind limb to mechanical stimuli and paw withdrawal latency to heat stimuli were examined from the day before surgery to day 35 after surgery.

RESULTSCompared with the traditional group, the modified group had shorter operative time, smaller amount of blood loss, and higher success rate (91.7% versus 58.3%, P < 0.05). There was no decrease in paw withdrawal latency in any group. The sham operation group had no decrease in postoperative paw withdrawal threshold, whereas the modified and traditional groups had significant reduction in paw withdrawal threshold after surgery (mechanical hyperalgesia).

CONCLUSIONSTransplantation of nucleus pulposus onto the L5 dorsal root ganglion following incision of epineurium in rats established an improved animal model of non-compressive lumbar herniated intervertebral disc with less trauma and more stable pain ethology.

Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; Ganglia, Spinal ; pathology ; Intervertebral Disc Degeneration ; pathology ; Intervertebral Disc Displacement ; pathology ; Male ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley