Objective:To assess the safety,efficacy and potential impact of stem cell therapy(SCT)in improving erectile dys-function(ED).Methods:A comprehensive search strategy was used to search the literatures on safety and efficacy evaluation of stem cell(SC)in the treatment of ED by human clinical trials from PubMed,Embase and Web of science databases with a search time frame from database creation to July 4,2024.The exclusion criteria were as follows:reviews,conference abstracts,animal experi-ments,and duplicate sample literature.Results:The study initially screened 1 773 papers,and 17 were included in the final analy-sis.These studies involved a total of 269 ED patients,and a variety of sources of stem cells had been used in the treatment of ED,in-cluding adipose-derived stem cells,bone marrow-derived stem cells,placental stroma-derived stem cells,umbilical cord-derived stem cells,dental pulp-derived stem cells,and oral mucosa-derived stem cells.All studies were conducted by injecting stem cells into the cavernous body of the penis,but there is no fixed standard for the amount of injection,injection site and number of injections.The op-timal treatment mode was still being explored.Patients' International Index of Erectile Function(IIEF)scores and Erection Hardness Score(EHS),peak systolic velocity(PSV),and end diastolic velocity(EDV)improved after treatment.But some studies showed that the efficacy of the treatment diminished with increasing time.No serious adverse effects were reported in any of the studies and none of the adverse effects persisted for a long period of time.The most common adverse effects included injection site reactions,and SCT showed a good safety and tolerability profile.Conclusion:SCT has the potential to be a promising and innovative regenerative therapy option for ED patients.In the future,with the advancement of stem cell technology,larger randomized controlled studies should continue to be conducted to explore standardized treatments,so as to further evaluate the long-term efficacy and safety of SCT for ED.

Objective:The aim of this study is to evaluate the clinical efficacy of Oxalicao Formula combined with transacu-puncture in the treatment of chronic nonbacterial prostatitis(CNP)characterized by dampness-heat stasis.Methods:A total of 70 patients diagnosed with CNP and characterized by dampness-heat stasis were randomly divided into control group and treatment group,with 35 cases in each group.The patients in control group received Qianlie Beixi capsules.While the patients in treatment group were administered with oxalis decoction in conjunction with acupuncture therapy which lasted for 8 weeks.Pre-and post-treatment evalua-tions for NIH-Chronic Prostatitis Symptom Index(NIH-CPSI),Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)symptom scores,urodynamic pa-rameters,immune cell subsets and inflammatory factors were performed.Results:Ultimately,65 patients completed the study with 33 in the treatment group and 32 in the control group.After 8 weeks of intervention,the patients in both of groups demonstrated signifi-cant improvements(P＜0.05).Specifically,remarkable reductions in the NIH-CPSI total score including pain score,urination score,quality of life impact score,TCM symptom score and inflammatory cytokine levels were observed.Additionally,there were upward trends in maximum and average urinary flow rates as well as the CD4+/CD8+ratio of immune cells(P＜0.05).Compared to the con-trol group,the treatment group exhibited superior outcomes in reducing the NIH-CPSI total score,pain score,urination score,quality of life impact score,TCM symptom score,and inflammatory cytokine levels,and increasing in CD4+/CD8+ratios,maximum and av-erage urine flow rates(P＜0.05).Conclusion:The combination of Oxalicao Formula and transacupuncture for treating CNP charac-terized by dampness-heat stasis demonstrates significant therapeutic benefits,which has considerable clinical application value.

Miao medicine is guided by the medical theories of the Miao ethnic group,and the drugs used by the Miao people are derived from natural plants and animals for the prevention and treatment of diseases and protection of health.In recent years,a large number of clinical studies have shown good clinical efficacy of traditional Miao medicine in the treatment of prostatic diseases,with the advantages of easy availability,low price,and minimal adverse reactions.However,currently no systematic literature review has been reported on the treatment of prostatic diseases with Miao medicine.This article focuses on the commonly used Miao drugs recorded in the Chinese Materia Medica-Miao Medicine,with a systematic review of relevant literature retrieved on the treatment of prostate disea-ses with Miao medicine in recent years and a summarization of the advances in the studies of its pharmacological effects,mechanisms of action and clinical application,aiming to provide some new perspectives and ideas for further academic research and clinical develop-ment of Miao medicine.

Multimodal precision nursing intervention enhances cognitive function and quality of life through multisensory collabo-rative stimulation by integrating multidimensional data of patients.As one of the most common complications after radical prostatecto-my,urinary incontinence seriously affects the quality of life of prostate cancer patients after surgery which has a negative impact on multidimensional health in the"physiological-psychological-social"aspects.This paper summarizes the clinical manifestations,influ-encing factors,and nursing interventions of urinary incontinence after radical prostatectomy,and focuses on the key points of nursing based on multimodal theory,in order to provide nursing strategies for improving urinary incontinence after prostate cancer surgery.

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of denosumab in the treatment of prostate cancer with bone metastases.Methods:Relevant studies were retrieved from PubMed,EMBASE,Cochrane,Web of Science,Sinomed,CNKI and Wanfang data-bases.The Cochrane risk-of-bias assessment tool was used to evaluate the quality of included studies,and relevant data were extracted.meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.4 and RStudio software,and forest plots were generated.Results:Six randomized con-trolled trials(RCTs)were included.Compared with the control group,denosumab significantly reduced the risk of skeletal-related e-vents(HR=0.78,95％CI:0.62-0.93).In terms of safety,denosumab did not increase the risk of total adverse events,severe adverse events and the adverse events higher than CTC grade 3.Conclusion:Denosumab can delay the time to first skeletal-related event with good safety.However,due to the limitations of this study,further high-quality,large-sample,multicenter RCTs are needed to confirm these findings.

Oligoasthenozoospermia(OAS)is one of the most common types of male infertility,which,however,still lacks ef-fective treatment.An increasing number of studies have shown the potential therapeutic value of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid(ω-3 PUFA)in the treatment of OAS.This article presents an overview of the studies on the effects of ω-3 PUFA on fatty acid composition and metabolism,inflammatory response,and oxidative stress in OAS,hoping to provide some new ideas for the treatment of the dis-ease.

Mitochondria are the center of sperm metabolism and essential for all aspects of flagellar motility,capacitation,acro-some reaction and gametic fusion of sperm.Abnormalities in the mitochondrial ultrastructure,membrane potential,reactive oxygen spe-cies,Ca2+homoeostasis,sperm apoptosis,mitochondrial DNA,mitochondrial enzymes and proteomic activity can decrease sperm quality and even cause male infertility.This paper elucidates the impact of mitochondrial dysfunction on sperm by reviewing and analy-zing relevant literature on mitochondria and male reproductive function,aiming to provide some theoretical evidence for exploring effec-tive interventions for male reproductive dysfunction.

Objective:To investigate the clinical effect of extraperitoneal robot-assisted laparoscopic modified Y-V plasty(LMYVP)in the treatment of refractory bladder neck contracture(BNC).Methods:We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data on 10 cases of refractory BNC after transurethral resection of the prostate between September 2020 and January 2023,all with a history of recurrent urethral dilatation and at least two failures in transurethral surgical treatment of scarring.After definite diagnosis and re-moval of some of the scar tissues to flatten the elevated bladder neck under the cystoscope,we performed robot-assisted LMYVP using the da Vinci Si robotic system and a four-port extraperitoneal approach.The surgical procedure involved an inverted T-shaped incision in the bladder neck and urethral stricture ring,an inverted V-shaped excision of the scar area at the 3-9 o'clock position on the ventral side of the prostatic urethra,continuous full-layer suturing of the bladder neck and inverted V-shaped urethra with 3-0 barbed thread,and indwelling of an F20 silicone catheter for 2 weeks.At 3 months after surgery,we performed cystoscopic examination,measured the maximum urinary flow rate(Qmax),and obtained the IPSS and quality of life(QOL)scores of the patients.Results:Operations were successfully completed in all the cases.At 3 months after surgery,the patients showed significantly increased Qmax([3.65±1.27]vs[20.3±1.77]ml/s,P＜0.05),IPSS(5.9±2.02 vs 30±1.15,P＜0.05)and QOL score(1.3±0.95 vs 5.2±0.79,P＜0.05)compared with the baseline.Cystoscopy revealed a wide and flat bladder neck with good survival and hemody-namics of the bladder flap.All the patients met the criteria for clinical cure at a median follow-up of 13.2 months.Conclusion:Extraper-itoneal robot-assisted LMYVP provides a new strategy for urinary tract reconstruction in the management of refractory BNC,with the ad-vantages of minimal invasiveness,high efficiency and high success rate.

Objective:To explore the relationship of glutathione S-transferase P1(GSTP1)and X-ray repair cross-complemen-tation group 1(XRCC1)gene polymorphisms with chemotherapy sensitivity and prognosis in patients with prostate cancer(PCa).Methods:A total of 103 PCa patients underwent androgen-deprivation therapy+double-agent chemotherapy from May 2018 to May 2021.We collected the clinical data from the patients,determined their genotypes using the PCR-PFLP method,analyzed the associa-tion of the locus polymorphisms of GSTP1-rs1695 and XRCC1-rs25487 with chemotherapy sensitivity,and investigated the correlation of GSTP1 and XRCC1 gene polymorphisms with the 3-year survival rate of the patients.Results:The distribution of GSTP1-rs1695 and XRCC1-rs25487 loci in the 103 PCa patients receiving chemotherapy was consistent with the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium(x2=9.794,P＞0.05).At the GSTP1-rs1695 locus,the AA genotype accounted for 65.05％(67/103),the AG genotype 23.30％(24/103)and the GG genotype 11.65％(12/103);at the XRCC1-rs25487 locus,the A A genotype accounted for 29.13％(30/103),the AG genotype 50.49％(52/103)and the GG genotype 20.39％(21/103).Chemotherapy sensitivity was significantly lower in the patients with the GSTP1-rs1695 AA type than in those with the AG/GG types(35.82％vs 58.33％,P＜0.05),but showed no statistically significant difference between the XRCC1-rs25487 AA and AG/GG types(40.00％vs 45.21％,P＞0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in the 3-year progression-free survival rate between the patients with different GSTP1-rs1695 and XRCC1-rs25487 phenotypes(P＞0.05).The 3-year overall survival rate was lower in the patients with the GSTP1-rs1695 AA type than in those with the AG/GG types,and so was it in those with the XRCC1-rs25487 AA type than in those with the AG/GG types(P＜0.05).Multivariate COX regression analysis showed that the GSTP1-rs1695 AA and XRCC1-rs25487 AA types were inde-pendent factors affecting the 3-year overall survival of the patients after chemotherapy.Conclusion:Both GSTP1-rs1695 and XRCC1-rs25487 gene polymorphisms have some influence on chemotherapy sensitivity and prognosis in PCa patients.The A allele mu-tations of GSTP1-rs1695 and XRCC1-rs25487 can decrease the 3-year survival rate,while their G allele mutations may help improve chemotherapy sensitivity and survival.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of Wuziyuye Decoction in the treatment of type-II diabetes mellitus (DM) with qi-yin deficiency complicated by asthenospermia. METHODS: We selected 100 cases of type-II DM with qi-yin deficiency complicated by asthenospermia treated in the First Hospital Affiliated to Ningbo University from January 2023 to March 2024, and randomly assigned them to receive Wuziyuye Decoction (the trial group, n = 50) and oral L-carnitine solution (the control group, n = 50) in addition to Western medicine to reduce fasting blood glucose to normal in both groups. After 12 weeks of medication, we followed up the patients for 24 weeks, obtained their semen parameters, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndrome scores and levels of reproductive hormones, and the clinical pregnancy outcomes of their partners, followed by comparison of the data collected between the two groups before and after treatment. RESULTS: After 12 weeks of treatment, the trial group showed significant improvement over the baseline in the percentage of progressive motility (PR%) (［35.5±6.1］% vs ［18.0±4.2］%, P<0.05), sperm concentration (［54.0±33.4］ vs ［40.0±36.1］ × 10⁶/ml, P<0.05), and TCM syndrome score (4.5±2.3 vs 18.5±5.2, P<0.05), but no statistically significant difference in the semen volume (［2.85±0.36］ vs ［2.84±0.59］ ml, P>0.05), while the controls exhibited markedly improved percentage of PR% (［29.5±6.2］% vs ［18.5±4.5］%, P<0.05) and sperm concentration (［45.0±34.1］ vs ［42.0±38.3］ × 10⁶/ml, P<0.05), but no statistically significant difference in the semen volume (［3.04±0.89］ vs ［2.90±0.78］ ml, P>0.05) and TCM syndrome score (17.2±4.5 vs 17.8±4.8, P>0.05). The patients treated with Wuziyuye Decoction achieved even more significant improvement than the controls in the percentage of PR%, sperm concentration and TCM syndrome score (P<0.05), but there were no statistically significant differences in the reproductive hormone levels and clinical pregnancy outcomes between the two groups of patients after treatment (P>0.05). And no severe adverse reactions were observed in either group. CONCLUSION Wuziyuye Decoction is safe and effective for the treatment of type-II DM with qi-yin deficiency complicated by asthenospermia by improving the sperm motility and concentration of the patient.
Humans ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/therapeutic use* ; Male ; Asthenozoospermia/complications* ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/drug therapy* ; Yin Deficiency/complications* ; Adult ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Sperm Motility ; Qi ; Female ; Pregnancy