ObjectiveTo investigate the present situation of input, output, outcome and impact of all registered community-based rehabilitation stations in Inner Mongolia in China, and analyze how the input predict the output, outcome and impact. MethodsFrom March 1st to April 30th, 2025, a questionnaire survey was conducted on all registered community-based rehabilitation stations in Inner Mongolia, covering four dimensions: input, output, outcome and impact. A total of 1 365 questionnaires were distributed. The input included four items: laws and policies, human resources, equipment and facilities, and rehabilitation information management. The output included two items: technical paths and benefits/effectiveness. The outcome included three items: coverage rates, rehabilitation interventions and functional results. The impact included two items: health and sustainability. Each item contained several questions, all of which were described in a positive way. Each question was scored from one to five. A lower score indicated that the situation of the community-based rehabilitation station was more in line with the content described in the question. Regression analysis was performed using the total score of each item of input dimension as independent variables, and the total scores of the output, outcome and impact dimensions as dependent variables. ResultsA total of 1 262 valid questionnaires were collected. The mean values of input, output, outcome and impact of community-based rehabilitation stations were 1.827 to 1.904, with coefficient of variation of 45.892% to 49.239%. The regression analysis showed that, rehabilitation information management, human resources, and laws and policies significantly predicted the output dimension (R² = 0.910, P < 0.001). Meanwhile, all four items in the input dimension predicted both the outcome (R² = 0.850, P < 0.001) and impact dimensions (R² = 0.833, P < 0.001). ConclusionInput, output, outcome and impact of the community-based rehabilitation stations in Inner Mongolia were generally in line with the content of the questions, although some imbalances were observed. Additionally, the input of community-based rehabilitation stations could significantly predict their output, outcome and impact.

OBJECTIVE To formulate the Hazardous Drug List in China， and provide a scientific basis for standardizing the management of hazardous drugs， preventing and controlling occupational exposure risks in medical institutions at all levels in China. METHODS Under the joint organization of the Intravenous Medication Admixture Management Professional Committee of the Chinese Pharmaceutical Association and the National Medical Quality Control Center for Pharmaceutical Management， based on literature research and international hazardous drug lists and their development procedures， the scope of hazardous drug selection， selection principles， and evidence confirmation criteria were determined through expert panel seminars and expert questionnaire survey method （Delphi method）. Chemical drugs， biological agents， and Chinese patent medicines marketed in China that met the selecti on principles were screened to form the Chinese Expert Consensus on the Hazardous Drug List . RESULTS Five principles for selecting hazardous drugs were established （including protective labeling in package inserts， carcinogenicity， reproductive toxicity， genotoxicity， and organ toxicity at low doses）， along with the corresponding evidence confirmation criteria. The Hazardous Drug List containing 210 drugs was formulated， covering anti-tumor drugs， endocrine system drugs， nervous system drugs， immunomodulators， anti-infective drugs， cardiovascular system drugs， hematological system drugs， urinary system drugs， obstetrics and gynecology drugs， dermatological drugs and other categories. Compared with international hazardous drug lists， 25 newly included hazardous drugs were added， including 15 anti-tumor drugs， 6 Chinese patent medicines and 4 biological agents. In addition， 88 Chinese patent medicines that may have potential occupational exposure risks are listed in the appendix for reference by medical institutions in management. CONCLUSIONS The development of this consensus closely aligns with the actual clinical drug use in China， with a scientific and rigorous methodology， and can serve as a reference for medical institutions at all levels to standardize the management of hazardous drugs and prevent and control occupational exposure risks.

Objective To investigate the correlation between peripheral blood CD14+CD16+monocytes and IgG N-glycosyl levels and disease activity in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE).Methods A total of 109 SLE patients admitted to Xingtai Cental Hospital from August 2021 to November 2024 were retrospectively selected as the study objects.According to SLE disease activity index(SLE-DAI),the patients were divided into active group(n=52)and stable group(n=57).In addition,56 patients who underwent physical examination during the same period were selected as the control group.Clinical data of patients were collected,CD14+CD16+mononuclear cells were detected by flow cytometry(FCM),and IgG N-glycosyl levels were detected by hydrophilic interaction chromatography-mass spectrometry.Logistic regression analysis was performed to analyze the influencing factors of SLE-DAI,and multicollinearity test[variance inflation factor(VIF)]was performed for independent variables.The prediction model of disease activity was constructed.The effectiveness of the predictive model was evaluated by describing the recviver operator characteristic(ROC)curve and calculating the area under the curve(AUC)value.Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test predicted the calibration degree of the model.Results The levels of WBC,Hb,PLT,ALB,complement C3 and complement C4 in control group were higher than those in SLE group(t=8.917～22.171),and the levels of CRP were lower than those in SLE group(t=-17.359),with differences were statistical significance(all P<0.05).The CRP level and the proportion of CD14+CD16+mononuclear cells in the active group were higher than those in the stable group,and the differences were statistically significant(t=5.449,11.112,all P<0.05).The IgG glycosylation characteristics of galactosylation,sialylation and N-acetylglucosamine modification were lower than those in the stable group,and the differences were statistical significance(Z=-2.432～-0.158,all P<0.05).Spearman correlation analysis showed that the proportion of CD14+CD16+monocytes was significantly negatively correlated with IgG galactosylation,sialylation level and bisection N-acetylglucosamine modification(r=-0.656,-0.531,-0.608,all P<0.01).CD14+CD16+monocyte ratio was positively correlated with SLE-DIA(r=0.581,all P<0.01).IgG galactosylation,sialylation levels and bisection N-acetylglucosamine modification were negatively correlated with SLE-DIA(r=-0.645,-0.609,-0.503,all P<0.01).Logistic regression analysis showed that CRP>8.21mg/L,CD14+CD16+≥16.17%,sialylation<22.05%and isotropic N-acetylglucosamine modification<16.53%were independent risk factors for disease activity in SLE patients(Wald χ2=4.471～12.811,all P<0.05).The VIF values of the above independent variables were all less than 10.By establishing the Logistic regression prediction model and drawing the ROC curve,the AUC value for diagnosing SLE disease activity was 0.821(95%CI:0.733～0.905),the sensitivity,specificity and the Yodon index were 85.37%,75.67%,0.677,respectively.and the P values of Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test models were 0.568,respectively.Conclusion The proportion of CD14+CD16+monocytes in peripheral blood of SLE patients increase significantly,and the level of IgG glycosylation characteristics decrease,both of which are correlated with SLE-DIA.The predictive model constructed based on the two had a good ability to distinguish SLE-DIA from inactive state,with high sensitivity and moderate specificity conducive to early clinical recognition,and the model fitting effect is good.SLE-DIA can be evaluated more accurately.

Objective To study the influence of laser diffraction ultrasound parameters on the determination of particle size and particle size distribution of budesonide suspension for inhalation,and explore the rationality of ultrasound parameter settings of the laser diffraction method.Methods The Mastersizer 3000 was set to measure the particle size and particle size distribution of budesonide suspension for inhalation from 6 companies at different ultrasonic times,and the FlowCam was used to test the samples simultaneously.Results The ultrasound parameters have a significant impact on the particle size and particle size distribution of budesonide suspension for inhalation in some companies,and the FlowCam test results show that particles in some samples exhibit aggregation,which can be dispersed by ultrasound and affect the results.Conclusion It is necessary to optimize the ultrasound parameters of laser diffraction to determine the particle size and particle size distribution of suspension for inhalation,and verify the rationality of the ultrasound parameter settings through microscopic techniques.

Depression is primarily characterized by persistent low mood,emotional disorders,and loss of interest.Somatization disorder is a type of neurotic disorder,primarily featuring recurrent,varied,and non-organic physical discomfort symptoms.In traditional Chinese medicine,depression with somatization disorder can be classified under the category of"depression"and"hysteria"according to its clinical symptoms.This article focuses on the dynamic evolution of the functions of the kidney,spleen,and liver,and explains the core pathogenesis of depression with somatization disorder based on the theory of"cold water,damp earth,and stagnant wood"proposed by HUANG Yuanyu.It explores the causes and related manifestations.Symptoms mainly characterized by cramps and convulsions can be attributed to the liver;symptoms primarily characterized by heaviness,distension,and dull pain accompanied by weakness can be attributed to the spleen;symptoms primarily characterized by stiffness,reluctance to move or inability to move,and reluctance to extend outward can be attributed to the kidney.Liver depression and spleen dampness,as well as wood depression and earth congestion,are treated by strengthening the spleen and soothing the liver,drying dampness and calming wind,and the modified Xiaoyao Powder combined with Yueju Pill is recommended.Spleen dampness and kidney coldness,earth failure and water overflow,are treated by tonifying the spleen and kidney,warming water and transforming dampness,and the modified Jingui Shenqi Pill combined with Linggui Zhugan Decoction is recommended.Kidney coldness and liver hyperactivity,water not nourishing wood,are treated by warming the kidney and enriching essence,replenishing water and nourishing wood,and the modified Dihuang Yinzi is recommended.This article explores the corresponding etiology,pathogenesis,treatment methods,and prescriptions for depression with somatization disorder,with the aim of providing new insights for clinical diagnosis and treatment.

Objective To examine the changing prevalence and antimicrobial resistance profiles of Burkholderia cepacia in 52 hospitals across China from 2015 to 2021.Methods A total of 9 261 strains of B.cepacia were collected from 52 hospitals between January 1,2015 and December 31,2021.Antimicrobial susceptibility of the strains was tested using Kirby-Bauer method or automated antimicrobial susceptibility testing systems according to a unified protocol.The results were interpreted according to the breakpoints released in the Clinical & Laboratory Standards Institute(CLSI)guidelines(2023 edition).Results A total of 9 261 strains of B.cepacia were isolated from all age groups,especially elderly patients.The proportion was 11.1％(1 032 strains)in children,significantly lower than the proportion in adults.About half(46.5％,4 310/9 261)of the strains were isolated from patients at least 60 years old and 42.3％(3 919/9 261)of the strains were isolated from young adults.Most isolates(71.1％)were isolated from sputum and respiratory secretions,followed by urine(10.7％)and blood samples(8.1％).B.cepacia isolates were highly susceptible to the five antimicrobial agents recommended in the CLSI M100 document(33rd edition,2023).B.cepacia isolates showed relatively higher resistance rates to meropenem and levofloxacin.However,the resistance rates to ceftazidime,trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole,and minocycline remained below 8.1％.The percentage of B.cepacia strains resistant to levofloxacin was the highest compared to other antibiotics in any of the three age groups(from 12.4％in the patients＜18 years old to 20.6％in the patients aged 60 years or older).Conclusions B.cepacia is one of the clinically important non-fermenting gram-negative bacteria.Accurate and timely reporting of antimicrobial susceptibility test results and ongoing antimicrobial resistance surveillance are helpful for rational prescription of antimicrobial agents and proper prevention and control of nosocomial infections.

Aim To perform high-throughput screen-ing of immunomodulatory traditional Chinese medicine(TCMs)based on an in vitro B cell differentiation-antibody secretion model,identifying active herbal candidates with immune-enhancing properties to pro-vide novel therapeutic options and theoretical support for influenza virus treatment in immunocompromised in-dividuals.Methods B cells were stimulated with dif-ferent concentrations of cytosine-phosphate-guanine oli-godeoxynucleotide 2006(CpG)and nterleukin-2(IL-2)to promote proliferation,differentiation,and anti-body secretion,and the effects of varying concentra-tions of the solvent DMSO were also evaluated.The op-timal conditions for the B cell differentiation-anti-body secretion model were determined based on the se-cretion levels of three antibody isotypes.The feasibility of the model was further validated using rapamycin,a known B cell function inhibitor.On this basis,a high-throughput screening platform for immunomodulatory a-gents was optimized and established.Subsequently,the immune-enhancing activity of 465 polarity extract from TCMs was evaluated.Results The optimal con-ditions for the model were determined as 2 mg·L-1 CpG,1.67 × 106 nkat·L-1 IL-2,and DMSO with a volume fraction of 0.1％.Rapamycin effectively inhib-ited B cell differentiation into plasmablast and signifi-cantly reduced antibody production,indicating the reli-ability of the model.Multiple rounds of screening re-vealed that the dichloromethane extract of licorice,the dichloromethane extract of Vinegar-processed Curcumae Rhizoma,the cyclohexane extract of Honey-prepared Radix Asteris,and the aqueous extract of Siphonostegia chinensis Benth were identified to significantly promote both B cell proliferation and differentiation and anti-body secretion at a concentration of 600 μg·L-1.Conclusion This study successfully optimizes an in vitro B cell differentiation-antibody secretion model and identifies several TCM extracts,including licorice,with potential immune-enhancing activity.

AIM To compare the chemical constituents in traditional decoction and formula granule decoction of classical famous prescription Wendan Decoction.METHODS The HPLC fingerprints were established,after which the contents of adenosine,synephrine,liquiritin,naringin,hesperidin,6-gingerol and adenosine cyclophosphate were determined,cluster analysis,principal component analysis and multidimensional scaling analysis were adopted in the investigation of component differences,and the equivalent of formula granules was adjusted.RESULTS The similarities of HPLC fingerprints for 10 batches of traditional decoctions were higher than those of HPLC fingerprints for 9 batches of formula granule decoctions(P＜0.01).Adenosine,synephrine,liquiritin,hesperidin and cyclic adenosine monophosphate demonstrated higher contents in traditional decoctions than those in formula granule decoctions(P＜0.05),6-gingerol displayed lower content than that in the latter produced by manufacturers A,C(P＜0.05),which was higher than that in the latter produced by manufacturer B(P＜0.01).Various batches of traditional decoctions and formula granule decoctions could be obviously distinguished,adenosine,synephrine and hesperidin exhibited great influences on the classification of principal component analysis,and the quality of formula granule decoctions produced by manufacturer C was closer to that of traditional decoctions.After equivalent correction,the contents of various constituents in formula granule decoctions produced by manufacturers A,C showed no significant differences as compared with those in traditional decoction(P＞0.05).CONCLUSION The formula granules of Wendan Decoction from different manufacturers exist quality differences,so the preparation process and extraction process of this preparation should be optimized to improve quality,and equivalent ratio should be adjusted according to actual requirements to ensure its scientific and rational clinical application.

Aim To explore the mechanism of baicalin combined with heat stimulation in treating acute lym-phoblastic leukemia(ALL)based on network pharma-cology and in vitro experiments.Methods The CCK-8 assay was used to screen the suitable conditions for heat stimulation to interfere ALL cell lines Jurkat,CCRF-CEM,Hut-78 and a normal lymphocyte HMy2.CIR,and the effects of baicalin combined with heat stimulation on the proliferation of three ALL cell lines and a normal lymphocyte were tested.The key targets of baicalin combined with fever stimulation for the treatment of ALL were obtained based on network phar-macological analysis,and the potential mechanisms were predicted by gene ontology(GO)annotation and kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes(KEGG)en-richment.The expression levels of TNF-α,AKT1,TYMS and CASP3 mRNA in ALL cell lines Jurkat and CCRF-CEM were examined by RT-qPCR with baicalin alone and baicalin combined with heat stimulation.Results The optimal conditions for heat stimulation to intervene ALL cells were 41 ℃ for 24 h,and heat stimulation combined with baicalin synergistically inhibited the growth of ALL cell lines and effectively reduced the cy-totoxicity of baicalin.Based on the network pharmaco-logical analysis,55 intersecting targets of baicalin with ALL diseases and 77 intersecting targets of baicalin with fever were obtained.The results of GO annotation and KEGG enrichment suggested that baicalin com-bined with fever stimulation to intervene ALL might be associated with influencing intracellular reactive oxygen species metabolism,DNA transcription and apoptotic processes involved in cysteine enzymes.Apoptosis,TNF and IL-17 signaling pathways were the key pathways for baicalin combined with heat stimulation in treating ALL.Under heat stimulation at 41 ℃ using SDHA gene as housekeeping gene,in vitro experiments showed that baicalin significantly up-regulated the expression of TNF-α and CASP3,and down-regulated the expression of TYMS in ALL cells.Conclusions Based on net-work pharmacologic analyses and in vitro experiments,baicalin combined with heat stimulation can regulate TNF-α and CASP3 gene levels in ALL cells and de-stroy cellular structure to promote cell apoptosis,thus synergistically treating ALL.

Objective To investigate the distribution and antimicrobial resistance profiles of common pathogens isolated from cerebrospinal fluid(CSF)in CHINET program from 2015 to 2021.Methods The bacterial strains isolated from CSF were identified in accordance with clinical microbiology practice standards.Antimicrobial susceptibility test was conducted using Kirby-Bauer method and automated systems per the unified CHINET protocol.Results A total of 14 014 bacterial strains were isolated from CSF samples from 2015 to 2021,including the strains isolated from inpatients(95.3％)and from outpatient and emergency care patients(4.7％).Overall,19.6％of the isolates were from children and 80.4％were from adults.Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria accounted for 68.0％and 32.0％,respectively.Coagulase negative Staphylococcus accounted for 73.0％of the total Gram-positive bacterial isolates.The prevalence of MRSA was 38.2％in children and 45.6％in adults.The prevalence of MRCNS was 67.6％in adults and 69.5％in children.A small number of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium(2.2％)and linezolid-resistant Enterococcus faecalis(3.1％)were isolated from adult patients.The resistance rates of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae to ceftriaxone were 52.2％and 76.4％in children,70.5％and 63.5％in adults.The prevalence of carbapenem-resistant E.coli and K.pneumoniae(CRKP)was 1.3％and 47.7％in children,6.4％and 47.9％in adults.The prevalence of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii(CRAB)and Pseudomonas aeruginosa(CRPA)was 74.0％and 37.1％in children,81.7％and 39.9％in adults.Conclusions The data derived from antimicrobial resistance surveillance are crucial for clinicians to make evidence-based decisions regarding antibiotic therapy.Attention should be paid to the Gram-negative bacteria,especially CRKP and CRAB in central nervous system(CNS)infections.Ongoing antimicrobial resistance surveillance is helpful for optimizing antibiotic use in CNS infections.