The traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) industry is a crucial part of China's pharmaceutical sector and plays a strategic role in ensuring public health and promoting economic and social development. In response to the practical demand for high-quality development of the TCM industry, this paper focused on the bottlenecks encountered during the digital and intelligent transformation of TCM production systems. Specifically, it explored technical strategies and methodologies for constructing the best TCM production mode. An innovative artificial intelligence(AI)-centered technical architecture for TCM production was proposed, focusing on key aspects of production management including process modeling, state evaluation, and decision optimization. Furthermore, a series of critical technologies were developed to realize the best TCM production mode. Finally, a novel AI-driven TCM production mode characterized by a closed-loop system of "measurement-modeling-decision-execution" was presented through engineering case studies. This study is expected to provide a technological pathway for developing new quality productive forces within the TCM industry.
Artificial Intelligence ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional/methods* ; Humans

Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC), the third leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide, is characterized by high mortality and recurrence rates. Common treatments include hepatectomy, liver transplantation, ablation therapy, interventional therapy, radiotherapy, systemic therapy, and traditional Chinese medicine(TCM). While exhibiting specific advantages, these approaches are associated with varying degrees of adverse effects. To alleviate patients' suffering and burdens, it is crucial to explore additional treatments and elucidate the pathogenesis of HCC, laying a foundation for the development of new TCM-based drugs. With emerging research on gut microbiota, it has been revealed that microbiota plays a vital role in the development of HCC by influencing intestinal barrier function, microbial metabolites, and immune regulation. TCM, with its multi-component, multi-target, and multi-pathway characteristics, has been increasingly recognized as a vital therapeutic treatment for HCC, particularly in patients at intermediate or advanced stages, by prolonging survival and improving quality of life. Recent global studies demonstrate that TCM exerts anti-HCC effects by modulating gut microbiota, restoring intestinal barrier function, regulating microbial composition and its metabolites, suppressing inflammation, and enhancing immune responses, thereby inhibiting the malignant phenotype of HCC. This review aims to elucidate the mechanisms by which gut microbiota contributes to the development and progression of HCC and highlight the regulatory effects of TCM, addressing the current gap in systematic understanding of the "TCM-gut microbiota-HCC" axis. The findings provide theoretical support for integrating TCM with western medicine in HCC treatment and promote the transition from basic research to precision clinical therapy through microbiota-targeted drug development and TCM-based interventions.
Humans ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome/drug effects* ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/microbiology* ; Liver Neoplasms/microbiology* ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/administration & dosage* ; Animals ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to evaluate the clinical efficacy of Oxalicao Formula combined　with transacupuncture in the treatment of chronic nonbacterial prostatitis （CNP）characterized by dampness-heat stasis. METHODS: A total of 70 patients diagnosed with CNP and characterized by dampness-heat stasis were randomly divided into control group and treatment group, with 35 cases in each group. The patients in control group received Qianlie Beixi capsules． Ｗhile the patients in　treatment group were administered with oxalis decoction in conjunction with acupuncture therapy　which lasted for 8 weeks. Pre- and post-treatment evaluations for NIH-Chronic Prostatitis Symptom Index (NIH-CPSI), Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) symptom scores, urodynamic parameters, immune cell subsets and inflammatory factors were performed. RESULTS: Ultimately, 65 patients completed the study　with 33 in the treatment group and 32 in the control group. After 8 weeks of intervention, The patients in both of groups demonstrated significant improvements (P<0.05). Specifically, remarkable reductions in the NIH-CPSI total score　including pain score, urination score, quality of life impact score, TCM symptom score and inflammatory cytokine levels　were observed. Additionally, there were upward trend　in maximum and average urinary flow rates as well as the CD4+/CD8+ ratio of immune cells(P<0.05). Compared to the control group, the treatment group exhibited superior outcomes in reducing the NIH-CPSI total score, pain score, urination score, quality of life impact score, TCM symptom score, and inflammatory cytokine levels, and increasing in　CD4+/CD8+ ratios， maximum and average urine flow rates(P<0.05). CONCLUSION The combination of Oxalicao Formula and transacupuncture for treating CNP characterized by dampness-heat stasis demonstrates significant therapeutic benefits, which has considerable clinical application value.
Humans ; Male ; Prostatitis/therapy* ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/therapeutic use* ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Chronic Disease ; Treatment Outcome ; Adult

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of Shexiang Tongxin Dropping Pill (STDP) in treating stable angina patients with phlegm-heat and blood-stasis syndrome by exercise duration and metabolic equivalents. METHODS: This multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial enrolled stable angina patients with phlegm-heat and blood-stasis syndrome from 22 hospitals. They were randomized 1:1 to STDP (35 mg/pill, 6 pills per day) or placebo for 56 days. The primary outcome was the exercise duration and metabolic equivalents (METs) assessed by the standard Bruce exercise treadmill test after 56 days of treatment. The secondary outcomes included the total angina symptom score, Chinese medicine (CM) symptom scores, Seattle Angina Questionnaire (SAQ) scores, changes in ST-T on electrocardiogram and adverse events (AEs). RESULTS: This trial enrolled 309 patients, including 155 and 154 in the STDP and placebo groups, respectively. STDP significantly prolonged exercise duration with an increase of 51.0 s, compared to a decrease of 12.0 s with placebo (change rate: -11.1% vs. 3.2%, P<0.01). The increase in METs was significantly greater in the STDP group than in the placebo group (change: -0.4 vs. 0.0, change rate: -5.0% vs. 0.0%, P<0.01). The improvement of total angina symptom scores (25.0% vs. 0.0%), CM symptom scores (38.7% vs. 11.8%), reduction of nitroglycerin consumption (100.0% vs. 11.3%), and all domains of SAQ, were significantly greater with STDP than placebo (all P<0.01). The changes in Q-T intervals at 28 and 56 days from baseline were similar between the two groups (both P>0.05). Twenty-five participants (16.3%) with STDP and 16 (10.5%) with placebo experienced AEs (P=0.131), with no serious AEs observed. CONCLUSION STDP could improve exercise tolerance in patients with stable angina and phlegm-heat and blood stasis syndrome, with a favorable safety profile. (Registration No. ChiCTR-IPR-15006020).
Humans ; Double-Blind Method ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/adverse effects* ; Male ; Female ; Middle Aged ; Angina, Stable/physiopathology* ; Aged ; Syndrome ; Treatment Outcome ; Placebos ; Tablets

Cardiovascular diseases are a group of disorders of the heart and blood vessels, primarily including coronary heart disease, stroke, and other diseases. It is the world’s leading cause of death, and its incidence is increasing yearly. Hypertension is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Wnt signaling comprises a series of highly conservative cascading events controlling fundamental biological processes. Wnt signaling pathways include the canonical Wnt pathway (or Wnt/β-catenin pathway), the non-canonical planar cell-polarity pathway, and the non-canonical calcium-dependent pathways. Abnormal Wnt signaling promotes cell proliferation and differentiation, cardiac malformations, various malignancies, so drugs targeting Wnt signaling play a great therapeutic potential. Wnt/β‑catenin pathway is involved in the occurrence and development of cardiovascular diseases such as atherosclerosis and stroke by regulating cell proliferation, migration, apoptosis, blood-brain barrier permeability, inflammation, oxidative stress, and immune response. Based on the latest research progress, this review summarizes the role of Wnt/β‑catenin signaling in cardiovascular diseases, in order to provide new ideas for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases.

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of 8-week aerobic exercise on the improvement of core behaviors of male and female autistic mice induced by valproic acid (VPA). MethodsExperimental mice were randomly divided into the control group (CTL), VPA-induced autism group (VPA) and VPA+aerobic exercise group (VEX), with 10 mice in each group. The pregnant mice were injected with VPA intraperitoneally at E12.5, and their offspring were used as autistic mice. Pups were weaned 28 d after birth and began an 8-week aerobic exercise intervention. The day after exercise, mice were tested in behavioral experiments to detect exploratory behavior, social skills, repetitive stereotypic behavior, cognitive ability and mood. The mice were tested for social skills, repetitive stereotyped behaviors, cognitive and learning memory abilities, exploratory behaviors, and emotions by behavioral assays on the following day after the exercise. ResultsBoth male and female mice in the CTL group showed a significant decrease in the total distance and percentage of time spent in the interaction zone in the 4th socialization compared to the 1st socialization (P<0.01); the total distance and percentage of time spent in the interaction zone in the 5th socialization was significantly increased compared to the 4th socialization (P<0.01); in VPA group, both male and female mice showed no significant change in the total distance and percentage of time spent in the interaction zone in the 4th and 5th socialization; in the VEX group, the total distance and percentage of time spent in the interaction zone by male mice in the 4th socialization was significantly decreased compared to the 1st socialization (P<0.01, P<0.05); and in the VEX group the total distance and percentage of time spent in the social interaction zone by both male and female mice in the 5th socialization was significantly increased compared to the 4th socialization (P<0.01, P<0.05). The results of the first phase of three-box socialization experiment showed that male and female mice in the CTL group spent more time socializing with their social partners than in contact with the empty cages (P<0.01); there was no difference in the time spent by male and female mice in the VPA group in socializing with their social partners and the empty cages; and male and female mice in the VEX group spent a longer time socializing with their social partners(P<0.01). The results of the second phase of three-box test showed that male and female mice in the CTL group showed a significant tendency to socialize with new social partners (P<0.01), whereas no significant changes were observed in the mice of VPA group; aerobic exercise significantly ameliorated this deficit in male and female mice with autism. Compared with the CTL group, VPA-induced significant decreases were observed in the total distance freely moved in the central area of the open field, the time and percentage of time spent in the open arm of cross maze, and the distance and time spent in the white box in both male and female autistic mice (P<0.01); a significant increase in the number of bead burials and time spent in self-grooming (P<0.01); a significant decrease in the cognitive index (P<0.01); a significantly longer latency to find the platform, and significantly decreased the percentage of time spent in the target quadrant and the number of times they traversed the platform (P<0.01). Compared with the VPA group, after 8 weeks of aerobic intervention, male and female mice in the VEX group showed a significant increase in total distance, open-arm dwell time, and percentage of free movement in the central area of the empty field (P<0. 05), and a trend toward a decrease in the dwell time of females in the white box was not significant, the number of beads burying and the time of self-combing were significantly lower(P<0.01, P<0.05); and a significant increase in cognitive index (P<0.05), a significantly shorter time to find the platform, and significantly increased percentage of time spent in the target quadrant and the number of times they traversed the platform (P<0.01), showing excellent learning memory. ConclusionAutistic mice severely suffer from social and cognitive impairments, repetitive stereotyped behaviors, decreased activity level, and the exhibition of anxiety. 8 weeks of aerobic exercise can improve the social and cognitive abilities, alleviate the stereotyped repetitive behaviors, increase the activity level, and positively regulate the anxiety in autistic mice. It is hypothesized that aerobic exercise has an important role in motor rehabilitation of autism, in order to provide a theoretical basis for clinical research.

It has gradually become a consensus in the industry that the traditional Chinese medicine gypsum should be decocted first, but the understanding of decocting method is not completely unified in the works of doctors since ancient times, and there are occasional disputes about whether it is necessary to decocting first. In this study, the phase determination, physical and chemical characterization, qualitative and quantitative analysis of inorganic and organic components of the decoctions of herbal pairs and the whole prescription Maxingshigan decoction with gypsum as the center, and the pre-decoctions and co-decoctions of them were carried out to explore the scientific connotation of the pre-decoctions of gypsum. Results show that decoction phases were different between the co-decoctions and pre-decoctions of licorice-gypsum (Gancao-Shigao, GC-SG), ephedra-gypsum (Mahuang-Shigao, MH-SG) and almond-gypsum (Xingren-Shigao, XR-SG). The results of the micromorphology, particle size and zeta potential of herbal pairs and prescription (Quanfang, QF) showed that the supramolecular particles in pre-decoctions were smaller, more uniform and more stable than the co-decoctions. The results of organic components analysis showed that different cooking methods did not change the organic composition and content. ICP-OES results showed that the content of inorganic components in pre-decoctions was higher than in co-decoctions for the same boiling time of gypsum. The IR results showed that the pre-decoctions had stronger chemical functional group effect than the co-decoctions. To sum up, compared with the co-decoction, the pre-decoction of gypsum has different phase state and chemical composition interaction, and the difference of inorganic composition is an important material basis affecting the change of phase state compared with the co-decoction. It indicates that the material basis of traditional Chinese medicine decoction is indeed different whether gypsum is decocted first or not, which can provide a basis for the clinical application of decocted gypsum.

A polymethionine(p-Met)-modified laser-induced graphene(LIG)electrode was constructed and integrated with portable electrochemical workstations and handheld computer to achieve on-site,simultaneous detection of azo dyes sunset yellow(SY)and tartrazine(Tz)in environmental water.Firstly,the sensor interface with the best electrical conductivity was obtained by optimizing the laser processing parameters,and then the electrochemical responses of SY and Tz were improved by electropolymerization of methionine on the surface of LIG.Finally,a portable electrochemical sensor platform was built by connecting p-Met/LIG,a small electrochemical workstation and a handheld computer application program.Differential pulse voltammetry(DPV)was used to determine these two dyes.SY showed a good linear relationship in the concentration range of 0.2-20 μmol/L and 20-100 μmol/L,the detection limit was as low as 0.001 μmol/L.Tz showed a good linear relationship in concentration range of 0.3-40 μmol/L and 40-100 μmol/L,and the detection limits was as low as 0.005 μmol/L.p-Met/LIG also had excellent anti-interference performance and reproducibility.The portable electrochemical platform was applied to real-time detection of real water samples,and the results showed that the platform was expected to be applied in field detection of SY and Tz in real environmental water bodies.

Objective To compare the effects of 20 mg qd and 10 mg bidadministration of iprrazole enteric-coated tablets on the control of gastric acid in healthy subjects.Methods A randomized,single-center,parallel controlled trial was designed to include 8 healthy subjects.Randomly divided into 2 groups,20 mg qd administration group:20 mg enteric-coated tablets of iprrazole in the morning;10 mg bid administration group:10 mg enteric-coated tablets of iprrazole in the morning and 10 mg in the evening.The pH values in the stomach of the subjects before and 24 h after administration were monitored by pH meter.The plasma concentration of iprazole after administration was determined by HPLC-MS/MS.The main pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated by Phoenix WinNonlin(V8.0)software.Results The PK parameters of iprrazole enteric-coated tablets and reference preparations in fasting group were as follows:The Cmax of 20 mg qd group and 10 mg bid group were(595.75±131.15)and(283.50±96.98)ng·mL-1;AUC0-t were(5 531.94±784.35)and(4 686.67±898.23)h·ng·mL-1;AUC0-∞ were(6 003.19±538.59)and(7 361.48±1 816.77)h·ng·mL-1,respectively.The mean time percentage of gastric pH＞3 after 20 mg qd and 10 mg bid were 82.64％and 61.92％,and the median gastric pH within 24 h were 6.25±1.49 and 3.53±2.05,respectively.The mean gastric pH values within 24 h were 5.71±1.36 and 4.23±1.45,respectively.The correlation analysis of pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamics showed that there was no significant correlation between the peak concentration of drug in plasma and the inhibitory effect of acid.Conclusion Compared with the 20 mg qd group and the 10 mg bid group,the acid inhibition effect is better,the administration times are less,and the safety of the two administration regimes is good.