Objective To study the five-year survival status and influencing factors of elderly patients with lung cancer complicated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Methods A cohort study was conducted to follow up 450 patients with lung cancer and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease who were hospitalized in our hospital from January 2018 to December 2023. The endpoint of the follow-up was the end of a five-year period or death. The Life Tables method was used to calculate survival rates and plot survival curves. The Cox proportional hazards model was used to analyze the influencing factors of five-year survival. Results The results indicated that the overall five-year survival rate of patients was 4.89%, and it decreased year by year. Cox regression analysis showed that age, gender, family functioning, and psychological status significantly influenced patient survival rate (all P<0.05). Stratified analysis found that the smoking status, family functioning, and psychological status of male patients all had an impact on survival rate (all P<0.05), while the psychological status of female patients had a more significant impact on survival (P=0.008). Conclusion This study provides a scientific basis for comprehensive intervention of elderly lung cancer patients with COPD. It is recommended that clinical attention should be paid to psychological and family factors to improve patient prognosis.

Background: High-mobility group box protein 1 (HMGB1) is a chromatin-binding protein involved in arthritis, ischemia, sepsis, atherosclerosis, neurodegenerative disorders, meningitis, and cancer. HMGB1 exhibits dual roles in cancer, acting as either a tumor suppressor or oncoprotein depending on context. Objective: This research aimed to elucidate HMGB1’s functional significance in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC). Methods: We overexpressed HMGB1 in cSCC cell lines using recombinant adenovirus and examined its effects on cell proliferation, colony formation, and cell migration. Results: Immunohistochemical analysis revealed elevated HMGB1 expression levels in cSCC tissue relative to normal epidermis. To assess the influence of HMGB1, we employed recombinant adenoviruses expressing HMGB1 to transduce SCC cell lines (SCC12 and SCC13). Enhanced HMGB1 expression significantly promoted cellular proliferation and colony formation capacity.Notably, HMGB1 overexpression elevated the levels of proliferation regulators, including P63, SOX2, CDK4 and CDK6. Furthermore, HMGB1 overexpression substantially enhanced tumor invasiveness, accompanied by upregulation of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) biomarkers. Mechanistically, overexpression of HMGB1 enhanced transforming growth factor-β signaling by increasing phosphorylation of SMAD2/3, the key mediators of EMT. Conclusion These data imply that HMGB1 acts as a tumor-promoting factor in cSCC.

Objective This study reports on the obligatory parasitism of water mites Arrenurus sp. on Anopheles messeae at the Manzhouli Port, Inner Mongolia, China. Methods Duing July 2024, a survey on the mosquito diversity was conducted at the Manzhouli Port. Captured mosquitoes and their ectoparasites were identified to species level. Results A total of 1840 adult mosquitoes were collected, representing species from three genera: Culex(Cx. modestus, Cx. pipiens pallens), Aedes(Ae. dorsalis, Ae. flavidorsalis, Ae. flavescens), and Anopheles (An. messeae). Among all the mosqutioes specimens,3 out of 150 captured An. messeae were found to carry ectoparasitic mites, with number of 2,4,27 mites separately. Morphological and molecular identification reached the same result as water mites(Hydrachnidiae, Hydracrina). COI gene sequence showed 94% similarity with the closest species Arrenurus truncatellus. Conlusions Literature review suggests water mites are host-specific parasitism of mosquito species and herein with the first record of Arrenurus sp. parasiting on An. Messeae in the most high-latitude region globally.

Lung cancer constitutes the most prevalent and lethal malignant tumor in China. Approximately 85% of lung cancer diagnoses correspond to the non-small cell histological subtype [non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)]. Despite surgery being the mainstay for early-stage disease, postoperative recurrence remains high and adjuvant chemotherapy offers limited benefit. In recent years, targeted therapy has demonstrated substantial advantages in driver mutation-positive NSCLC. To this end, the Lung Cancer Medical Education Committee of the Chinese Medical Education Association developed guidelines based on a systematic review of evidence through November 2025, using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations (GRADE) approach and a modified Delphi method. Focusing on epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK), and addressing ROS proto-oncogene 1 (ROS1), B-Raf proto-oncogene serine/threonine kinase (BRAF) V600E mutation, and mesenchymal-epithelial transition factor (MET) exon 14 (METex14) skipping, the guideline covers molecular testing, neoadjuvant/adjuvant therapy, perioperative strategies, minimal residual disease monitoring, and postoperative surveillance. It defines testing requirements, specifies stage-directed and subtype-specific treatments, and standardizes minimal residual disease monitoring. These recommendations emphasize precision and feasibility to improve survival and quality of life.

Nanoparticle delivery systems have good application prospects in the field of precision therapy, but the preparation process of nanomaterial has problems such as short in vivo circulation time, easy recognition, and clearance by the immune system in the body. In recent years, biomimetic nanoparticle delivery systems mediated by natural cell membranes have become a research hotspot to address these issues. The natural membrane biomimetic nanoparticle delivery system cleverly integrates the advantages of natural biofilm "autologous" and "artificial" functional carriers by using endogenous cell membranes to modify the surface of nanocarriers, endowing them with characteristics such as tumor targeting, low immunogenicity, and long blood circulation. Currently, biomimetic nanoparticle delivery systems have been used in the treatment of malignant tumors, cardiovascular diseases, bacterial infections, and other diseases. This paper analyzes the development status and current research hotspots of natural cell membrane camouflaged biomimetic nanoparticle delivery systems mainly reviews the latest research progress of red blood cell membrane camouflaged biomimetic nanoparticle delivery systems in the field of disease treatment in recent years. It focuses on exploring the advantages, future development prospects, and limitations of biomimetic nanoparticle delivery systems based on red blood cell membrane camouflage in improving drug delivery, to provide a reference for the in-depth research and development of this system.

Aim To study the mechanism of salidro-side combined with rosavin in rats with ischemic stroke.Methods The MCAO rats was established by using thread-embolic method.The rats were divided into the sham group,MCAO group,salidroside com-bined with rosavin group,and positive control group;the drug was given continuously for seven days.Western blot was used to detect apoptosis indicators.Proteomics was used to analyse differential proteins(DEPs).STEP receptor inhibitor was injected into the lateral ventricles,the rats were administered for seven days,then the apoptosis indicators were detected.Re-sults Salidroside combined with rosavin could reduce neurological function scores in MCAO rats and inhibit cell apoptosis.Quantitative proteomics identified 496 DEPs in brain tissue and discovered core proteins STEP,p38,and CRTC1.Salidroside combined with rosavin could promote the STEP and CRTC1 while in-hibiting p38 protein.After treatment with STEP inhibi-tor,those effects were reversed.Conclusion Salidro-side combined with rosavin can inhibit cell apoptosis in MCAO rats,which is closely related to the regulation of the STEP/p38/CRTC1 signaling pathway.

Body weight abnormalities, including overweight, obesity, and underweight, have become a dual public health challenge in Chinese adults: overweight and obesity lead to a variety of chronic complications, while underweight increases the risks of malnutrition, sarcopenia, and organ dysfunction. To systematically address these issues, multidisciplinary experts in endocrinology, sports science, nutrition, and psychiatry from various regions have held multiple weight management seminars. Based on the latest epidemiological data and clinical evidence, they expanded the guideline to include assessment and intervention strategies for underweight, in addition to the core content of obesity management. This guideline outlines the etiological mechanisms, evaluation methods, and multidimensional management strategies for overweight and obesity, covering key areas such as diagnosis and assessment, medical nutrition therapy, exercise prescription, pharmacological intervention, and psychological support. It is intended to provide a scientific and standardized approach to weight management across the adult population, aiming to curb the rising prevalence of obesity, mitigate complications associated with abnormal body weight, and improve nutritional status and overall quality of life.

Objective:To investigate the risk factors associated with 90-day mortality in critically ill patients receiving continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT), with a particular focus on the association between hypotension within the first hour of CRRT initiation and 90-day mortality after hospital admission.Methods:This study was a post hoc analysis of a prospective cohort study investigating the impact of colloid versus crystalloid priming solutions on early hemodynamics in critically ill patients undergoing CRRT. The study enrolled intensive care unit patients who received CRRT at West China Hospital of Sichuan University from January 2024 to May 2024. The data were collected including demographic characteristics, laboratory tests, CRRT-related parameters, blood pressure, heart rate, sequential organ failure assessment scores, and vasoactive-inotropic score, etc. The 90-day survival outcome after hospital admission of critically ill patients aged 18-80 years who received continuous veno-venous hemodiafiltration was used as the primary outcome indicator. A Cox proportional hazards model analysis was conducted, and the predictive ability of the model was evaluated along with the test of the proportional hazards assumption. The risk factors associated with the 90-day mortality after hospital admission of critically ill patients receiving CRRT were explored, with a particular focus on whether hypotension occurring within the first hour of CRRT initiation was one of these risk factors.Results:A total of 208 patients were included in this study. Within 90 days after hospital admission, 141 patients (67.8%) died, among whom 102 were male (72.3%) and the median age was 61.0 (50.0, 71.5) years; 67 patients (32.2%) survived, among whom 53 were males (79.1%) and the median age was 56.0 (47.0, 68.0) years. The incidence of hypotension within the first hour of CRRT initiation was significantly higher in the death group than in the survival group [29.8% (42/141) vs. 16.4% (11/67), χ2=4.275, P=0.039]. Moreover, The mortality rate of the group with hypotension within the first hour of CRRT initiation was higher than that of the group without hypotension [79.2% (42/53) vs. 63.9% (99/155), χ2=4.275, P=0.039]. The Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that the median survival time of patients without hypotension within the first hour of CRRT initiation [39.0 d (95% CI 23.2-54.8)] was longer than that of patients with hypotension [26.0 d (95% CI 18.9-33.1)], and the 90-day cumulative survival rate after hospital admission of patients without hypotension was significantly higher than that of patients with hypotension (Log-rank test, χ2=5.100, P=0.024). Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards analyses demonstrated that serum albumin ( HR=0.964, 95% CI 0.933-0.997, P=0.030), sequential organ failure assessment score ( HR=1.064, 95% CI 1.012-1.118, P=0.015), and the use of mechanical ventilation ( HR=8.272, 95% CI 1.145-59.743, P=0.036) were significantly associated with 90-day mortality in critically ill patients undergoing CRRT. In contrast, the vasoactive-inotropic score ( HR=1.004, 95% CI 0.999-1.008, P=0.079) and the presence of hypotension within the first hour of CRRT initiation ( HR=1.236, 95% CI 0.833-1.835, P=0.293) were not significantly associated with 90-day mortality in critically ill patients undergoing CRRT. The consistency index of this model was 0.654 (95% CI 0.617-0.691), the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.724 (95% CI 0.658-0.800), and the calibration curve showed that the predicted values of the model were well fitted to the actual observations, suggesting that the predictive effect of this model was relatively ideal. Conclusions:In critically ill patients undergoing CRRT, the occurrence of hypotension within the first hour of CRRT initiation was not significantly associated with 90-day mortality after hospital admission. Lower serum albumin levels, higher sequential organ failure assessment scores, and the use of mechanical ventilation may be the risk factors for 90-day mortality in this population.

Objective:To analyze the baseline characteristics and prognostic factors of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) in patients with liver diseases (LD), and to develop the nomogram prognosis model. Methods:The patients with liver diseases complicated with PCP (LD-PCP) who admitted to Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University from January 1st, 2021 to October 31st, 2024 were enrolled in this study. This study was a retrospective case-control study. Data were collected, including baseline characteristics at admission and clinical outcomes. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was employed to identify the independent risk factors of poor prognosis in LD-PCP patients. Subsequently, a nomogram was developed to construct the prognostic model. The performance of this model was evaluated using the receiver operater characteristic (ROC) curve and calibration curve.Results:A total of 61 patients with LD-PCP were enrolled, including 21 in the death group and 40 in the survival group. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that co-infection with Aspergillus and elevated lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels were independent risk factors for mortality in patients with LD-PCP (odds ratio ( OR)=12.802, 95% confidence interval ( CI) 1.334 to 122.845, P=0.027; OR=1.009, 95% CI 1.002 to 1.016, P=0.014). The predictive value of prognostic model based on the nomogram was better evidenced by the ROC curve, which yielded an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.835 (95% CI 0.725 to 0.944), with the sensitivity of 71.4% and the specificity of 87.5%. The predictive accuracy of the model was further validated by the calibration curve, and the Brier value was 0.151, the model fitting line had a high degree of agreement with the standard reference line ( P=0.953). Conclusions:Co-infection with Aspergillus and LDH levels are independent risk factors for the poor prognosis of patients with LD-PCP. The prognosis model based on the nomogram has better predictive value and clinical practicality, which could identify high-risk patients in the early stage, and provide theoretical guidance on the patient management.

With the rapid development of generative artificial intelligence(GAI)technologies,their widespread application in academic research and writing is continuously expanding the boundaries of sci-entific inquiry.However,this trend has also raised a series of ethical and regulatory challenges,inclu-ding issues related to authorship,content authenticity,citation accuracy,and accountability.In light of the growing involvement of AI in generating academic content,establishing an open,controllable,and trustworthy ethical governance framework has become a key task for safeguarding research integrity and maintaining trust within the academic community.This expert consensus outlines ethical requirements across key stages of AI-assisted academic writing-including topic selection,data management,citation practices,and authorship attribution.It aims to clarify the boundaries and ethical obligations surrounding AI use in academic writing,ensuring that technological tools enhance efficiency without compromising in-tegrity.The goal is to provide guidance and institutional support for building a responsible and sustainable research ecosystem.