OBJECTIVES: This study aims to investigate the optimal dose ratio and mechanisms of the primary active components in Yinchenhao decoction (geniposide, chlorogenic acid, and rhubarb polysaccharides) for ameliorating metabolic-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). METHODS: C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into the normal control group, model control group, uniform design groups 1-6, and Yinchenhao Decoction group; except for the normal control group, mice in all other groups were fed a Western diet to establish a MASLD model, and after 8 weeks of modeling, mice in the uniform design groups 1-6 and Yinchenhao Decoction group were given the corresponding drugs by gavage. At 12 weeks, all mice were sacrificed: their body weight and liver weight were measured, hematoxylin-eosin staining was used to observe the histopathological changes of liver tissue, the plasma levels of alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST) were detected, and the levels of total cholesterol (TC) and triglycerides (TG) in plasma and liver were measured. Based on these results, the optimal uniform design group was identified; subsequently, with plasma AST, plasma TG, and liver TC levels as screening indicators, the optimal dose ratio was obtained via a regression equation, which was further verified from two dimensions, namely functional indicators and tissue morphology. Meanwhile, glucose tolerance test and insulin tolerance test were conducted to evaluate glucose metabolic homeostasis and insulin sensitivity in mice, periodic acid-Schiff staining was used to observe glycogen accumulation, quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction was employed to detect the mRNA expression of genes related to glycolipid metabolism and bile acid metabolism, Western blotting was performed to measure the protein expression of molecules involved in bile acid metabolism, and commercial kits were used to determine the plasma levels of total bilirubin (TBIL), direct bilirubin (DBIL), and total bile acid (TBA). RESULTS: Combinations of geniposide, chlorogenic acid, and rhubarb polysaccharide all reduced the liver-to-body weight ratio, alleviated liver injury, and decreased lipid accumulation, among which the uniform design group 6 (200 mg/kg geniposide+160 mg/kg chlorogenic acid+340 mg/kg rhubarb polysaccharide) exhibited the optimal efficacy. Meanwhile, regression analysis indicated that the dosage ratio of uniform design group 6 was the optimal one for MASLD intervention. Validation experiments showed that, compared with single-drug intervention, the optimal dosage ratio resulted in significantly lower body weight, as well as lower plasma levels of ALT, AST and TC in mice (all P<0.05), along with a more pronounced reduction in the area of hepatic lipid accumulation. Mechanistic investigation experiments demonstrated that intervention with the optimal dosage ratio significantly improved glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity in mice (all P<0.05), reduced hepatic glycogen deposition, and downregulated the mRNA expression of glycolipid metabolism-related genes such as Gsk3, G6pc, Pck1, Fbp1, Fasn, Srebp-1c, Scd1, Slc27a2, and Slc27a5 (all P<0.05); it also decreased plasma levels of TBIL, DBIL, and TBA (all P<0.05), reversed the abnormal protein expression of bile salt export pump (BSEP), farnesoid X receptor (FXR), and cholesterol-7α-hydroxylase (CYP7A1) in the liver (all P<0.05), and reversed the abnormal mRNA expression of bile acid metabolism-related genes including Nr1h4, Cyp7a1, Cyp27a1, Slc10a1, and Slco1a1 (all P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS The combination of geniposide (200 mg/kg), chlorogenic acid (160 mg/kg), and rhubarb polysaccharide (340 mg/kg) exerts the optimal ameliorative effect on MASLD in mice. This superior efficacy is presumably achieved by synergistically regulating the key nodes of glycolipid metabolism and bile acid metabolism, ultimately optimizing the therapeutic outcome.

Objective To examine the changing antimicrobial resistance profile of Enterobacter spp.isolates in 53 hospitals across China from 2015 t0 2021.Methods The clinical isolates of Enterobacter spp.were collected from 53 hospitals across China during 2015-2021 and tested for antimicrobial susceptibility using Kirby-Bauer method or automated testing systems according to the CHINET unified protocol.The results were interpreted according to the breakpoints issued by the Clinical & Laboratory Standards Institute(CLSI)in 2021(M100 31st edition)and analyzed with WHONET 5.6 software.Results A total of 37 966 Enterobacter strains were isolated from 2015 to 2021.The proportion of Enterobacter isolates among all clinical isolates showed a fluctuating trend over the 7-year period,overall 2.5％in all clinical isolates amd 5.7％in Enterobacterale strains.The most frequently isolated Enterobacter species was Enterobacter cloacae,accounting for 93.7％(35 571/37 966).The strains were mainly isolated from respiratory specimens(44.4±4.6)％,followed by secretions/pus(16.4±2.3)％and urine(16.0±0.9)％.The strains from respiratory samples decreased slightly,while those from sterile body fluids increased over the 7-year period.The Enterobacter strains were mainly isolated from inpatients(92.9％),and only(7.1±0.8)％of the strains were isolated from outpatients and emergency patients.The patients in surgical wards contributed the highest number of isolates(24.4±2.9)％compared to the inpatients in any other departement.Overall,≤ 7.9％of the E.cloacae strains were resistant to amikacin,tigecycline,polymyxin B,imipenem or meropenem,while ≤5.6％of the Enterobacter asburiae strains were resistant to these antimicrobial agents.E.asburiae showed higher resistance rate to polymyxin B than E.cloacae(19.7％vs 3.9％).Overall,≤8.1％of the Enterobacter gergoviae strains were resistant to tigecycline,amikacin,meropenem,or imipenem,while 10.5％of these strains were resistant to polycolistin B.The overall prevalence of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacter was 10.0％over the 7-year period,but showing an upward trend.The resistance profiles of Enterobacter isolates varied with the department from which they were isolated and whether the patient is an adult or a child.The prevalence of carbapenem-resistant E.cloacae was the highest in the E.cloacae isolates from ICU patients.Conclusions The results of the CHINET Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance Program indicate that the proportion of Enterobacter strains in all clinical isolates fluctuates slightly over the 7-year period from 2015 to 2021.The Enterobacter strains showed increasing resistance to multiple antimicrobial drugs,especially carbapenems over the 7-year period.

【Objective:】 To understand the current status of narrative nursing knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) among nurses in grade A tertiary hospitals, and to provide a basis for the development of narrative nursing in relevant areas. 【Methods:】 Using convenience sampling methods, 931 nurses from three grade A tertiary hospitals in Xi’an were selected as subjects. A cross-sectional survey was conducted using the Clinical Nurses’ Narrative Nursing Knowledge and Trustworthiness Questionnaire and the General Self-Efficacy Scale. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to explore the influencing factors of nurses’ narrative nursing KAP. 【Results:】 The scores on the three dimensions of narrative nursing KAP were (23.70±2.99) points, (31.69±5.92) points, and (30.26±5.32) points, respectively. Nursing workload, general self-efficacy, professional title, and nursing satisfaction were the influencing factors of nurses’ narrative nursing knowledge dimension (P<0.05). There were statistically significant differences in nurses’ narrative nursing attitude dimension among nursing workload, general self-efficacy, professional title, monthly income, and nursing satisfaction (P<0.05). Nursing workload, general self-efficacy, nursing satisfaction, and accompanying experience were the influencing factors of nurses’ narrative nursing behavior dimension (P<0.05). 【Conclusion:】 Nurses in grade A tertiary hospitals have moderate narrative nursing knowledge, positive attitudes, and poor practice execution. The high nursing workload is the main barrier factor for the current development of narrative nursing. Nursing managers should actively build a diversified training system and guarantee system to boost the development of narrative nursing in clinical nursing work, and further promote the development of narrative nursing concepts.

The process of semen collection plays a key role in the quality of semen specimens. However, the association between semen collection time and semen quality is still unclear. In this study, ejaculates by masturbation from 746 subfertile men or healthy men who underwent semen analysis were examined. The median (interquartile range) semen collection time for all participants was 7.0 (5.0-11.0) min, and the median time taken for semen collection was lower in healthy men than that in subfertile men (6.0 min vs 7.0 min). An increase in the time required to produce semen samples was associated with poorer semen quality. Among those undergoing assisted reproductive technology (ART), the miscarriage rate was positively correlated with the semen collection time. After adjusting for confounders, the highest quartile (Q4) of collection time was negatively associated with semen volume and sperm concentration. A longer time to produce semen samples (Q3 and Q4) was negatively correlated with progressive and total sperm motility. In addition, there was a significant negative linear association between the semen collection time and the sperm morphology. Higher risks of asthenozoospermia (adjusted odds ratio [OR] = 2.06, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.31-3.25, P = 0.002) and teratozoospermia (adjusted OR = 1.98, 95% CI: 1.10-3.55, P = 0.02) were observed in Q3 than those in Q1. Our results indicate that a higher risk of abnormal semen parameter values was associated with an increase in time for semen collection, which may be related to male fertility through its association with semen quality.
Male ; Humans ; Semen Analysis ; Semen ; Sperm Motility ; Sperm Count ; Asthenozoospermia ; Spermatozoa

.Aim To establish the evaluation methods of the med¬icine nature of ginsenosides by eorrelation analysis between med¬icine nature and ginsenoside contents in five Panax herbs with different medicine nature and the measurement of their effects on Na + /K + -ATPase activities.Methods 'Hie contents of ginsen¬osides in Sanqi, red ginseng , ginseng , American ginseng and ginseng leaves in the existing literature were eolleeted.and the medicinal nature was assigned by vector methods.rI1ie medicine nature of ginsenosides and the contribution of ginsenoside to the medicine nature were evaluated through bivariate correlation a- nalysis and grey eorrelation degree respectively.'Hie effects of ginsenosides on the Na+ /K +-ATPase activities of L02 eells and in pig eerebral cortex were measured to evaluate the medicine na¬ture of ginsenosides.Results Correlation results indicated that the order of correlation coefficients of ginsenosides to the warm and hot medicine nature was Rf > R1 > Rg3 > Rg2 > Rbl > Ro, while the order of correlation coefficients of ginsenosides to the eool and eold medicine nature was Rb2 > Re > Rd > Fll.Grey eorrelation degree analysis showed that the contribution of ginsen¬oside to the medicine nature was F11 > Re > Kg2 > Rd > Rb2 >Rbl > Rgl > Rc > Rg3 > R1 > Rf > Ro.The effects of ginsen- osides on Na +/K +-ATPase activities showed that the substance basis of the warm medicine nature was ginsenoside Rbl, Rb3, Rc, Rf, Rg2, Rgl, Rhl, Rg3, R1 and Ro, which increased the activity of Na + /K + -ATPase.While the cold and cool medi- cine nature were ginsenoside Rh2, Rd, Rh2, Re and oleanolic acid, which inhibited the activity of Na+/K ^-ATPase.Conclu¬sion It is feasible to evaluate the medicine nature of ginsen¬oside according to NaVK + -ATPase activities and correlation a- nalysis between medicine natures and ginsenosides contents.

Objectives: To compare the efficacy and safety of Chinese generic imatinib with branded imatinib as frontline therapy in adults with newly diagnosed chronic myeloid leukemia in chronic phase (CML-CP) (Frontline group) , and to explore the efficacy and safety of Chinese generic imatinib in CML-CP patients switching from branded imatinib (Switching group) . Methods: Frontline group: Data of adults with newly diagnosed CML-CP receiving Chinese generic imatinib (Xinwei(®)) or branded imatinib (Glivec(®)) between October 2013 and August 2018 were retrospectively collected and analyzed. Switching group: Data of adults diagnosed with CML-CP who received branded imatinib and then switched to Chinese generic imatinib after achieving at least complete cytogenetic response (CCyR) were retrospectively collected and analyzed. Results: Frontline group: In total, 409 adult patients receiving Chinese generic imatinib (n=201) or Glivec (n=208) were included in this study. Median age was 42 years (range, 18-83 years) . Comparison of baseline showed significant difference on demographic characteristics among two cohorts: lower education level (P<0.001) , and divorced or widowed status (P=0.004) and rural household registration (P<0.001) were more common in the generic imatinib cohort than those in the Glivec cohort. There was no significant difference on age, gender, Sokal risk score, WBC and HGB between the 2 cohorts. With a median follow-up of 25 months (range, 3-62 months) , there was no significant difference on the 3-year cumulative incidence of achieving CCyR (97.5% vs 94.5%, P=0.592) , major molecular response (MMR) (84.3% vs 93.1%, P=0.208) , molecular response(4.0) (MR(4.0)) (42.7% vs 41.7%, P=0.277) , molecular response(4.5) (MR(4.5)) (25.4% vs 33.0%, P=0.306) as well as the 3-year probabilities of failure free survival (FFS) (76.7% vs 81.0%, P=0.448) , progression free survival (PFS) (91.8% vs 96.3%, P=0.325) and overall survival (OS) (95.8% vs 98.5%, P=0.167) between the generic and branded imatinib cohorts. Multivariate analysis showed the type of imatinib was not associated with treatment responses and outcomes. The incidences of adverse effects were comparable in the 2 cohorts. Switching group: In total, 39 patients switching from branded imatinib to Chinese generic imatinib after achieving at least CCyR were included in this study. Median age was 42 years (range, 23-80 years) . With a median follow-up of 39 months (range, 6-63 months) , molecular responses were maintained in 23 (58.9%) patients and improved in 12 (39.8%) patients. Adverse effects were tolerable. Conclusion: Demographic characteristics might influence the choice of the type of TKI used in CML-CP patients. There was a comparable efficacy and safety between the Chinese generic imatinib and the branded imatinib in adults with newly diagnosed CML-CP under standard management and closely monitoring. Patients could safely switch from the branded imatinib to the Chinese generic imatinib.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Antineoplastic Agents ; Demography ; Humans ; Imatinib Mesylate/therapeutic use* ; Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/drug therapy* ; Middle Aged ; Protein Kinase Inhibitors ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

Objective: To explore Fertility and disease outcomes in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) . Methods: Clinical and fertility outcomes of male (from Jul. 1998 to Feb. 2018) and female CML (from Sep. 2009 to Feb. 2018) patients were retrospectively analyzed at Peking University People's Hospital. Results: A total of 49 male CML patients and their spouses were enrolled. Before their spouses conceived, 34 patients were receiving tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) imatinib, 9 with nilotinib, and 6 with dasatinib. At the time of conception, the median age of these male patients was 32 years (range, 25-48 years) , and the median TKI treatment duration was 36 months (range, 0.2-198 months) . One male patient having achieved complete hematologic response yet discontinuing TKI for a year developed a disease progression to blast crisis. The other 48 patients sustained stable disease. The total conception times were 61 and finally 55 infants were born including one with premature birth, two with low birth weight, and one with hypospadias receiving surgery. The other 18 female patients after pregnancy were enrolled. Two patients developed spontaneous abortions. Two received induced abortions. Fourteen gave birth to healthy infants without congenital malformation. The interval from diagnosis of CML to initiation of TKI was 4 months (range, 0.3-16 months) . During a median follow-up of 45 months (range from 7-114 months) , the estimated complete cytogenetic response (CCyR) rate, major molecular response (MMR) rate and molecular response(4.5) (MR(4.5)) rate by 5 years were 88.9%, 85.3% and 35.1%, respectively. The estimated failure-free survival, progression-free survival and overall survival were 64.2%, 90.9% and 90.9%, respectively. All 14 babies developed as normal. Conclusions: It seems that TKIs do not affect pregnancy outcome in the spouses of male CML patients, suggesting that withdrawal of TKIs is not necessary. Female CML patients have good pregnancy and disease outcomes in the TKI era.
Adult ; Dasatinib ; Female ; Fertility ; Humans ; Imatinib Mesylate ; Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pregnancy ; Protein Kinase Inhibitors ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome

Objective: To explore age-related clinical characteristics, early responses and outcomes in non-senile adults with de novo acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Methods: Data of consecutive cases of 18-65 years adults with de novo AML (non-acute promyelocytic leukemia) were reviewed retrospectively. Clinical characteristics at diagnosis, early responses and outcomes across different age groups of patients were analyzed. Results: 1 097 patients were enrolled. 591 (53.9%) were male. Median age was 42 years. Increasing age was significantly associated with decreasing WBC count (P=0.003), increasing PLT count (P=0.034), lower blast proportions in bone marrow (P=0.021). The incidence of NPM1(+)/FLT3-ITD(-) increased with age (P<0.001). Multivariate analyses showed that increasing age was associated with low probabilities of achieving morphologic leukemia free state (MLFS) (P=0.053) and complete remission (CR) (P=0.004) and poor overall survival (OS) (P=0.070) in the whole patients population. However, increasing age was not associated with low MLFS rate and poor OS, except low CR rate (P=0.075) in those receiving standard induction regimen instead of low-intensity regimen. Conclusions: There were significant differences on clinical characteristics, cytogenetics and molecular genetics across different age groups in non-senile adults with de novo AML. In the patients receiving standard induction regimen, age was not associated with MLFS rate and OS.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mutation ; Nucleophosmin ; Prognosis ; Remission Induction ; Retrospective Studies ; Young Adult ; fms-Like Tyrosine Kinase 3

Objective To study the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs)that predict a patient's risk of grade 2-3 paclitaxel-induced peripheral sensory neuropathy (PSN) in Chinese Han populations.Methods Totally 216 patients received paclitaxel in Peking Union Medical College Hospital from May 2014 to December 2016 were enrolled.DNA was isolated from peripheral blood.Genotyping for eight candidate SNPs was performed on Sequenom-MassARRARYiPLEX platform.Patients were followed up and PSN was assessed by trained physicians according to National Cancer Institute-Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events v4.03.Results A total of 209 patients entered the final analysis.Among the candidate SNPs,only rs4141404:A>C(LIMK2) was significantly associated with grade 2/3 PSN (OR:4.32,95%CI:2.37-7.89,P<0.0001).In multivariate logistic regression analysis,both rs4141404:A>C(LIMK2) and history of receiving platinum compound (OR:2.70,95%CI:1.32-5.51,P=0.007) were associated with grade 2/3 PSN.Conclusion rs4141404:A>C(LIMK2) may be the markers of risk of grade 2/3 PSN.

OBJECTIVETo detect KLF17 expression in colorectal carcinoma (CRC) and to evaluate its effect on the prognosis of colorectal carcinoma.

METHODSImmunohistochemistry was performed to detect the expression of KLF17 in CRC and matched pericarcinous tissue,and the relationship between KLF17 expression and disease-free survival (DFS) was analyzed.

RESULTSOf 73 CRC patients, KLF17 expression was positive in 32 patients and negative in 41 patients. KLF17 expression rate was significantly lower in CRC tissue than in pericarcinous tissue (χ(2)=12.418, P=0.001). The DFS of KLF17-positive stage III colon cancer patients was (56.3±7.2) months (95% CI: 42-70 months), which was significantly longer than that [(32.3±5.5) months (95% CI: 22-43 months)] of KLF17-negative patients (P=0.039).

CONCLUSIONKLF17 expression decreases in CRC tissue, and a positivie KLF17 expression predicts a better prognosis in stage III CRC patients.