Autism spectrum disorder(ASD),characterized by unknown etiology and high heterogeneity,ne-cessitates precise diagnostic and intervention strategies.Neuroimaging techniques have shown great promise in un-covering the neural mechanisms of ASD,providing a foundation for aided diagnosis and transcranial magnetic stim-ulation(TMS)interventions.This review highlights that integrating multimodal neuroimaging and developing indi-vidualized indices with developmental specificity can significantly improve the accuracy of ASD diagnosis and clas-sification.Furthermore,TMS interventions guided by functional connectivity derived from functional magnetic reso-nance imaging(fMRI)offer a personalized approach to ASD treatment.

Autism spectrum disorder(ASD),characterized by unknown etiology and high heterogeneity,ne-cessitates precise diagnostic and intervention strategies.Neuroimaging techniques have shown great promise in un-covering the neural mechanisms of ASD,providing a foundation for aided diagnosis and transcranial magnetic stim-ulation(TMS)interventions.This review highlights that integrating multimodal neuroimaging and developing indi-vidualized indices with developmental specificity can significantly improve the accuracy of ASD diagnosis and clas-sification.Furthermore,TMS interventions guided by functional connectivity derived from functional magnetic reso-nance imaging(fMRI)offer a personalized approach to ASD treatment.

Objective To investigate the value of Q-analysis real-time elasticity in differentiating between benign and malignant thyroid nodules. Methods Eighty-six thyroid nodules in 62 patients with pathologic diagnosis were included in this study and were examined using Q-analysis real-time elasticity. The real-time elasticity features were observed and the quantitative index including the whole elasticity rate and the local elasticity rate were compared between benign and malignant nodules. Results There were 51 benign and 35 malignant nodules according to histopathological examination. The Q-analysis curve of real-time elasticity of benign nodules was smoother and with lower peak, compared with that of malignant nodules. The whole elasticity rate of malignant nodules were significantly higher than that of benign nodules (3.59±0.84 vs 2.32±0.56, P=0.000). And the local elasticity rate of malignant nodules were significantly higher than that of benign nodules (3.96±1.32 vs 2.39±0.58, P=0.000). The cutoff point of whole elasticity rate for the differential diagnosis was 3.25 with sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic accuracy as 71.4%, 96.1% and 86.0% respectively. The cutoff point of local elasticity rate for the differential diagnosis was 3.45 with sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic accuracy as 68.6%, 96.1% and 84.9% respectively. The diagnostic efficiency of whole elasticity rate and local elasticity rate had no significant difference (P=0.591).Conclusions Q-analysis real-time elasticity could provide the real-time elasticity features of thyroid nodules. The whole and local elasticity rate as the quantitative index contributed to the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant thyroid nodules.

A 57-year-old male patient received oral sorafenib 400 mg twice daily for pulmonary metastases after operation of thyroid carcinoma. About 3 and a half months of treatment,the patient experienced dizziness,pain in the anterior region of the heart and blood pressure of 180 / 105 mmHg(before treatment it was 120 / 75 mmHg). He received oral metoprolol administration(initial dose of 25 mg twice daily,gradually increased to 200 mg twice daily). About one and a half months later,he received sustained release capsules of isosorbide mononitrate 50 mg once daily because of the intermittent attack of precordial pain. Angina pectoris still occurred frequently. He underwent percutaneous coronary intervention twice(a total of 2 stents implantation). Hypertension and angina pectoris were still poorly controlled. On month 19 of sorafenib treatment,the dose of drug was reduced to 400 mg once daily. His blood pressure was 135 / 85 mmHg but angina still occurred intermittently. On month 22,sorafenib was stopped. Two months later,the patient's blood pressure declined to 130 / 80 mmHg,and the frequency of angina pectoris decreased. Four months after the termination of sorafenib,his blood pressure was 120 / 75 mmHg and no episode of angina pectoris occurred.

A 57-year-old male patient received oral sorafenib 400 mg twice daily for pulmonary metastases after operation of thyroid carcinoma. About 3 and a half months of treatment,the patient experienced dizziness,pain in the anterior region of the heart and blood pressure of 180 / 105 mmHg(before treatment it was 120 / 75 mmHg). He received oral metoprolol administration(initial dose of 25 mg twice daily,gradually increased to 200 mg twice daily). About one and a half months later,he received sustained release capsules of isosorbide mononitrate 50 mg once daily because of the intermittent attack of precordial pain. Angina pectoris still occurred frequently. He underwent percutaneous coronary intervention twice(a total of 2 stents implantation). Hypertension and angina pectoris were still poorly controlled. On month 19 of sorafenib treatment,the dose of drug was reduced to 400 mg once daily. His blood pressure was 135 / 85 mmHg but angina still occurred intermittently. On month 22,sorafenib was stopped. Two months later,the patient's blood pressure declined to 130 / 80 mmHg,and the frequency of angina pectoris decreased. Four months after the termination of sorafenib,his blood pressure was 120 / 75 mmHg and no episode of angina pectoris occurred.