Objective To investigate the possible association between cross-domain associative memory(AM)impairment and hippocampal subfield volumes in patients with schizophrenia(SCZ).Methods We enrolled 28 SCZ patients from Shanghai Mental Health Center,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine,and 28 healthy controls(HCs)between 2019 and 2021.Based on an innovative AM paradigm and automated segmentation,3D-T1 weighted data of the objects were processed with PhiPipe and FreeSurfer.Differences in subfield volums between the two groups were analyzed using ANCOVA,while their relationship with AM scores was assessed using Pearson correlation.Results SCZ patients exhibited significantly poorer AM performance across three conditions compared with HCs.Marginally significant reductions were observed in the total volume of bilateral hippocampus,encompassing both the hippocampal head and body.Significant volume reductions were identified in the bilateral presubiculum and parasubiculum.The volumes of bilateral presubiculum head(r=0.273,P=0.042),parasubiculum(r=0.397,P=0.002),and CA1 head(r=0.382,P=0.004)exhibited positive correlations with cross-domain AM performance.Conclusion The bilateral presubiculum and parasubiculum,as hippocampal subregions significantly associated with cross-modal AM deficits in SCZ,may play a crucial role in the pathology of AM.

Objective To investigate the possible association between cross-domain associative memory(AM)impairment and hippocampal subfield volumes in patients with schizophrenia(SCZ).Methods We enrolled 28 SCZ patients from Shanghai Mental Health Center,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine,and 28 healthy controls(HCs)between 2019 and 2021.Based on an innovative AM paradigm and automated segmentation,3D-T1 weighted data of the objects were processed with PhiPipe and FreeSurfer.Differences in subfield volums between the two groups were analyzed using ANCOVA,while their relationship with AM scores was assessed using Pearson correlation.Results SCZ patients exhibited significantly poorer AM performance across three conditions compared with HCs.Marginally significant reductions were observed in the total volume of bilateral hippocampus,encompassing both the hippocampal head and body.Significant volume reductions were identified in the bilateral presubiculum and parasubiculum.The volumes of bilateral presubiculum head(r=0.273,P=0.042),parasubiculum(r=0.397,P=0.002),and CA1 head(r=0.382,P=0.004)exhibited positive correlations with cross-domain AM performance.Conclusion The bilateral presubiculum and parasubiculum,as hippocampal subregions significantly associated with cross-modal AM deficits in SCZ,may play a crucial role in the pathology of AM.

Objective:To explore the teaching effectiveness of BOPPPS (bridge-in, objective, pre-assessment, participatory-learning, post-assessment, and summary) teaching model in the undergraduate education of pediatric surgery, compare the BOPPPS teaching model with the traditional teaching model, and examine the differences in students' understanding and mastery of knowledge, as well as their ability improvement.Methods:A total of 621 undergraduate students majoring in pediatrics at Chongqing Medical University in the 2021-2023 academic years were selected as the experimental group, and 552 undergraduate students majoring in pediatrics at Chongqing Medical University in the 2018-2020 academic years were selected as the control group. The traditional teaching method was used in the pediatric surgery teaching of the control group, while the BOPPPS teaching model was used in the experimental group. The two groups were compared based on theoretical examination scores, routine assessment scores, overall performance, and teaching satisfaction. A statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS 24.0 software. Continuous data conforming to a normal distribution were expressed as ( x?±s). Two independent samples mean t test was used for analysis. Results:The experimental group demonstrated significantly higher theoretical examination scores [(70.21±10.03) vs. (62.58±8.40)], routine assessment scores [(96.38±2.10) vs. (84.11±2.02)], and total scores [(80.68±11.30) vs. (71.19±9.50)] compared to the control group ( P<0.05). The overall satisfaction with teaching was significantly higher in the experimental group than in the control group [(91.60±1.75) vs. (90.57±0.80)] ( P<0.05). Conclusions:The application of BOPPPS teaching model in pediatric surgery teaching can improve undergraduate students' self-learning ability, clinical thinking ability, and team cooperation ability, thereby enhancing teaching quality.

External counterpulsation(ECP)technology represents a non-invasive adjunctive circulation treatment approach implemented in clinical practice since 1962,initially focused on managing cardio-cerebrovascular diseases.Over the past four decades,continuous research and advancements in medical technology have facilitated the evolution of enhanced external counterpulsation(EECP).This therapeutic modality can enhance the function of vascular endothelial cells,promote blood circulation,and improve metabolism by increasing organ perfusion pressure and blood flow.Given its demonstrated safety,efficacy,and cost-effectiveness,EECP has not only played a significant role in the clinical treatment of cardio-cerebrovascular diseases but also expanded into diverse domains,including andrology,which provides new therapeutic avenues for various health concerns.Particularly in the treatment of male erectile dysfunction(ED),EECP has shown remarkable potential,and certain clinical practice experience and scientific research results are accumulated.Research indicates that the occurrence of ED is closely associated with endothelial dysfunction and microcirculatory issues.EECP has been shown to effectively alleviate symptoms in ED patients and improve treatment outcomes by optimizing endothelial function and overall systemic health.This article reviews relevant findings from both domestic and international sources,summarizing the current research on the application of EECP in treating andrological diseases.It focuses on analyzing its clinical effects and mechanisms in treating ED and explores potential applications in other male urological conditions.Additionally,this paper discusses the limitations of current research and offers insights into future research directions to provide a more robust scientific basis and references for the use of EECP in managing andrological diseases.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a refractory chronic inflammatory disease of the intestine, and its etiological mechanism is still unclear. Recent studies have shown that the intestinal macrophages participates the intestinal immunity by regulating exosomes, intestinal flora, ubiquitination and deubiquitination, immune metabolism and autophagy, plays an important role in maintaining intestinal homeostasis, and is closely related to the occurrence and development of IBD. Investigating the underlying mechanisms of macrophages in IBD advancement may provide new therapeutic approaches. This article reviews the latest research progress on the multifaceted mechanisms of intestinal macrophages in IBD.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a refractory chronic inflammatory disease of the intestine, and its etiological mechanism is still unclear. Recent studies have shown that the intestinal macrophages participates the intestinal immunity by regulating exosomes, intestinal flora, ubiquitination and deubiquitination, immune metabolism and autophagy, plays an important role in maintaining intestinal homeostasis, and is closely related to the occurrence and development of IBD. Investigating the underlying mechanisms of macrophages in IBD advancement may provide new therapeutic approaches. This article reviews the latest research progress on the multifaceted mechanisms of intestinal macrophages in IBD.

Objective:To explore the teaching effectiveness of BOPPPS (bridge-in, objective, pre-assessment, participatory-learning, post-assessment, and summary) teaching model in the undergraduate education of pediatric surgery, compare the BOPPPS teaching model with the traditional teaching model, and examine the differences in students' understanding and mastery of knowledge, as well as their ability improvement.Methods:A total of 621 undergraduate students majoring in pediatrics at Chongqing Medical University in the 2021-2023 academic years were selected as the experimental group, and 552 undergraduate students majoring in pediatrics at Chongqing Medical University in the 2018-2020 academic years were selected as the control group. The traditional teaching method was used in the pediatric surgery teaching of the control group, while the BOPPPS teaching model was used in the experimental group. The two groups were compared based on theoretical examination scores, routine assessment scores, overall performance, and teaching satisfaction. A statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS 24.0 software. Continuous data conforming to a normal distribution were expressed as ( x?±s). Two independent samples mean t test was used for analysis. Results:The experimental group demonstrated significantly higher theoretical examination scores [(70.21±10.03) vs. (62.58±8.40)], routine assessment scores [(96.38±2.10) vs. (84.11±2.02)], and total scores [(80.68±11.30) vs. (71.19±9.50)] compared to the control group ( P<0.05). The overall satisfaction with teaching was significantly higher in the experimental group than in the control group [(91.60±1.75) vs. (90.57±0.80)] ( P<0.05). Conclusions:The application of BOPPPS teaching model in pediatric surgery teaching can improve undergraduate students' self-learning ability, clinical thinking ability, and team cooperation ability, thereby enhancing teaching quality.

Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) has been treating diseases for thousands of years and still holds an irreplaceable position in modern disease treatment. The composition of TCM is complex, and its mode of action features multi-pathway and multi-target characteristics, making its pharmacological actions and mechanisms complicated. The principles and mechanisms of TCM have always been a hot topic among scholars from various fields. Increasingly, studies show that indirect action plays an important role in the mode of action of TCM. The gut microbiota is regarded as a new invisible metabolic organ, and TCM can treat diseases by targeting the gut microbiota, thereby exerting an indirect effect across organs based on the connection between organs. Therefore, this paper summarized the indirect regulatory mechanisms of TCM based on the visceral manifestation theory and the organ axis of modern medical research. It also discussed the talks and communication mechanisms between the gut microbiota and target organs such as the liver, brain, kidney, and lungs, providing references for research on the mechanisms of indirect action of TCM and the development of innovative drugs.
Gastrointestinal Microbiome/drug effects* ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/pharmacology* ; Animals ; Kidney/metabolism* ; Liver/drug effects* ; Brain/drug effects* ; Lung/drug effects*

Purpose To explore the application value of contrast enhancement boost(CE-Boost)technique in image quality of tumors and their feeding arteries in preoperative evaluation of renal cancer patients.Materials and Methods A total of 36 renal cancer patients in People's Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University from August 2022 to May 2023 with pathologically confirmed were retrospective collected.All patients underwent renal enhanced CT.The cortical phase images were post-processed using the CE-Boost technique to obtain CE-Boost images.The cortical phase images were set as group A and the CE-Boost images were set as group B.The CT value and image noise(SD)of abdominal aorta,renal artery,tumor and its adjacent renal cortex,and SD of the vertical spinal muscle on both sides of the spine of two groups were measured and recorded,and then the signal-to-noise ratio and contrast-to-noise ratio of tumor,abdominal aorta and renal artery were calculated.The image quality of the tumor,tumor feeding artery and renal artery was scored on 4 points by 2 doctors with double-blind method.Results The signal-to-noise ratio,contrast-to-noise ratio and CT value of group B were significantly higher than those of group A(t=-27.385--5.267,all P<0.05).The SD of tumor,abdominal aorta,right and left renal artery were not significantly different between group A and B(t=-1.849-0.993,all P>0.05).The subjective score of tumor in group A and B were no significant difference(Z=-1.490,P=0.136).However,the subjective score of tumor feeding arteries and renal arteries were significantly higher in group B than in group A(Z=-3.512,P=0.000;Z=-2.127,P=0.033).Conclusion The CT CE-Boost technique can improve the image quality of renal enhanced CT and provide visualization of tumor feeding arteries.

Objective To evaluate the angiogenesis of decidua in spontaneous abortion patients and to investigate the change of thyroid hormone receptor signal expression in decidua in miscarriage patients.Methods The decidua of pregnant women was collected.Patients with miscarriage were taken as the experimental group and healthy preg-nant women who underwent abortion by social factors were taken as the control group.The nuclear translocation of thyroid hormone receptor α(THR-α)and THR-β in decidua tissues was detected by Western blot method,and the distribution of THR-α and TH IR-β in decidua tissues was determined by immunohistochemistry.The expression of Deiodinase 2(DIO2)in decidua tissues was determined by Western blot.The distribution of DIO2 in decidua tissues was determined by immunofluorescence and the fluorescence intensity was measured.The decidual vessel density was determined by immunohistochemistry using CD34 as an endothelial marker.The protein expression of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor(VEGFR-1)was detected by Western blot.Results There was no sig-nificant difference in age,gestation days,TSH,T3,T4 and other basic data between the control group and the a-bortion group.The results of Western blot showed that the expression levels of THR-α and THR-β protein de-creased,and the results of immunohistochemical staining of decidual tissues showed that the nuclear translocation of decidual thyroid hormone receptor in patients with spontaneous abortion decreased(P＜0.05).Western blotting results showed that the expression of DIO2 protein in the abortion group was lower than that in the control group,suggesting that thyroid hormone metabolism in decidua of spontaneous abortion pregnant women was affected.The results of immunofluorescence test showed that the fluorescence intensity of DIO2 in the abortion group was weaker than that in the control group(P＜0.05).Immunohistochemical CD34 labeling of decidual small blood vessels showed that the number of CD34+blood vessels decreased in the abortion group with statistical difference(P＜0.05).Western blot results showed that there was no significant change in VEGFR-1 between the two groups,and the difference between the two groups was not statistically significant.Conclusion The abnormal signal of thyroid hormone receptors in decidua may decrease decidua angiogenesis and participate in spontaneous abortion.