Objective: To analyze the trends in incidence and mortality of colorectal cancer in Jinhua City, Zhejiang Province from 2016 to 2024, and to predict the incidence and mortality from 2025 to 2027, so as to provide the evidence for improving regional colorectal cancer prevention and control strategies. Methods: Data on incidence and mortality of colorectal cancer in Jinhua City from 2016 to 2024 were collected through the Zhejiang Chronic Disease Surveillance Information Management System. The crude incidence and crude mortality were calculated, and standardized using the data from the Sixth National Population Census in 2010. Trends in incidence and mortality of colorectal cancer from 2016 to 2024 were analyzed using the average annual percent change (AAPC). A grey Markov model was constructed to predict the incidence and mortality of colorectal cancer from 2025 to 2027. Results: From 2016 to 2024, the crude incidence and standardized incidence of colorectal cancer in Jinhua City were 46.90/100 000 and 30.69/100 000, respectively, showing upward trends (AAPC=4.594% and 2.051%, both P<0.05). The crude mortality and standardized mortality were 17.47/100 000 and 10.36/100 000, respectively, and the trends were not statistically significant (both P>0.05). The standardized incidence and standardized mortality of colorectal cancer in males were higher than those in females (35.38/100 000 vs. 25.68/100 000, 11.96/100 000 vs. 8.57/100 000, both P<0.05). The crude incidence and crude mortality of colorectal cancer in the ≥80 years age group were the highest, at 220.04/100 000 and 186.86/100 000, respectively. From 2016 to 2024, the standardized incidence of colorectal cancer in males and females showed upward trends (AAPC=5.069% and 3.965%, both P<0.05), while the trends in standardized mortality were not statistically significant (all P>0.05). The crude incidence in the 70-<80 years age group showed an upward trend (AAPC=1.320%, P<0.05), and the crude mortality in the 40-<50 years age group showed a downward trend (AAPC=-3.756%, P<0.05). Trends in other age groups were not statistically significant (all P>0.05). The prediction results of the grey Markov model showed that the predicted values of crude incidence and crude mortality of colorectal cancer in the whole population would increase from 58.20/100 000 and 20.04/100 000 in 2025 to 61.70/100 000 and 21.26/100 000 in 2027. Conclusions From 2016 to 2024, the incidence of colorectal cancer in Jinhua City showed upward trends, while the mortality trend was stable. Males and the elderly aged ≥80 years are high-risk populations for colorectal cancer incidence and mortality. It is predicted that both crude incidence and crude mortality will increase from 2025 to 2027.

Animal experimentation constitutes a critical link between basic research and clinical application, making its research quality and translational efficiency paramount. Although considerable progress has been made in standardizing operational procedures and ethical guidelines, the standardization of outcome evaluation systems has significantly lagged, creating a key bottleneck that constrains the quality of biomedical research and evidence synthesis. This deficiency is manifested by pronounced heterogeneity in outcome selection across similar studies, incomplete methodological reporting, and disparate criteria for result interpretation, which severely impairs the comparability of findings and the evidence integration. To cope with this challenge, this paper systematically introduces a mature methodological tool from clinical research–the core outcome set (COS)–and explores its construction strategies and application potential in the field of animal experimentation. Given the extensive diversity of animal experiments, a pragmatic strategy of "focusing on key areas, implementing phased pilots, and promoting gradual expansion" should be adopted. This approach prioritizes the development of domain-specific COS for disease areas characterized by high research volume, urgent translational needs, and well-established animal models. A multi-source integration pathway for COS development is detailed, comprising systematic literature searches, methodological appraisals, and expert consensus, with the feasibility of leveraging artificial intelligence (AI) to enhance efficiency also being examined. The development and promotion of such COS are not intended to restrict scientific exploration; rather, they aim to establish a new, tiered evaluation paradigm consisting of "core outcomes" (mandatory), "recommended outcomes" (encouraged), and "exploratory outcomes" (optional). This framework is expected not only to enhance research quality through standardization and to adhere to the "3R" principles but also to accelerate the accumulation of high-quality evidence. This, in turn, provides a solid foundation for higher-level evidence synthesis, ultimately facilitating the effective translation of basic research findings into clinical practice and providing an essential methodological framework for scientific advancement in relevant disciplines.

Objective: To investigate the preventive and reparative mechanisms of platelet-rich plasma-biodegradable quick setting spray (PRP-BQSS) on solar dermatitis, thereby providing a safe and effective novel therapeutic approach for clinical application. Methods: PRP-BQSS was prepared. A ultraviolet B (UVB)-induced solar dermatitismodel was established in SPF-grade male SD rats. The rats were divided into the prevention experiment (treated with PRP-BQSS, L' Oréal SPF 50+sunscreen, Nature's Hall SPF 50+sunscreen, or saline) and the treatment experiment (treated with PRP-BQSS, Jingwanhong ointment, Green ointment, or saline). The effects were evaluated by measuring epidermal thickness (HE staining) and quantifying the integrated optical density (IOD) of inflammatory cells (CD11b staining). One-way ANOVA and Tukey's HSD test were performed using GraphPad Prism 9.4.0. Results: The PRP-BQSS exhibited significant efficacy in both prevention and repair. In the prevention experiment, the PRP-BQSS prevention group (Group A) showed only mild pale red erythema on the dorsal skin of rats, without significant swelling or desquamation. Histological analysis revealed that epidermal thickness in Group A (36.55±6.58 μm) was comparable to Groups B (L' Oréal, 34.84±6.59 μm) and C (Natural Hall, 34.59±8.20 μm)(P>0.05), but significantly lower than that in Group D (control group, 47.82±11.69 μm). Skin sections from Group A demonstrated intact epidermal structure with clear stratification and no significant inflammatory cell infiltration. The CD11b-positive cell count (24.30±7.43) was significantly lower than that in Group D (33.65±8.47, P<0.05). In the treatment experiment, HE staining of Group A (PRP-BQSS treatment group) showed intact epidermal structure with orderly arrangement of the basal layer, spinous layer, and granular layer, thin and uniform stratum corneum, and regular collagen fiber arrangement. The epidermal thickness of Group A (37.10±6.41 μm) showed no significant difference from Groups B (Jingwanhong ointment group, 38.66±9.07 μm) or C (Green ointment group, 35.72±4.98 μm)(P>0.05), but was significantly lower than that in Group D (control group, 48.35±8.99 μm)(P<0.05). The integral optical density value of CD11b-positive cells in Group A (32.82±11.01) was significantly lower than that in Group D (47.25±13.52, P>0.05). Moreover, the degree of inflammatory infiltration in Group A was relatively lower compared to Group B (37.14±9.20) and Group C (34.32±16.87), suggesting a superior repair capacity. However, the intergroup differences were not statistically significant (P>0.05). Conclusion: PRP-BQSS hydrogel dressing possesses dual preventive and reparative functions. It exerts its effects by reducing CD11b-positive cell infiltration (inflammation suppression) and promoting the orderly arrangement of the basal layer-epidermal layer-granular layer (epidermal reconstruction). This material holds promise as a novel and effective therapeutic approach for the prevention and treatment of solar dermatitis, particularly suitable for high-risk populations such as children, individuals with sensitive skin, and those engaged in outdoor activities.

ObjectiveTo observe the effects of Yangjing Zhongyutang （YJZYT） on mitochondrial biogenesis and oxidative stress damage mediated by the silent information regulator 1 （SIRT1）/peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1alpha （PGC-1α） signaling pathway in cyclophosphamide （CTX）-induced rats with diminished ovarian reserve （DOR）， and to explore its mechanism in improving ovarian reserve function and follicular development. MethodsForty-two 8-week-old female SD rats with normal estrous cycles were randomly divided into a blank control group （n=7） and a model group （n=35）. Rats in the model group received a single intraperitoneal injection of CTX （90 mg·kg^-1） to establish the DOR model. After modeling， estrous cycles were monitored for 7 consecutive days， and model success was confirmed based on criteria for estrous cycle disruption. After successful modeling， rats were divided into groups for intervention： estradiol valerate group （0.09 mg·kg^-1）， and YJZYT high-， medium-， and low-dose groups （19.98， 9.99， 5.00 g·kg^-1）. The blank control group and model group were given an equal volume of distilled water by gavage. All groups received daily gavage once for 4 consecutive weeks. The general state， body weight， and ovarian wet weight of rats were observed and recorded， and the ovarian organ index was calculated. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） was used to measure serum levels of follicle-stimulating hormone （FSH）， luteinizing hormone （LH）， estradiol （E₂）， anti-Müllerian hormone （AMH）， superoxide dismutase （SOD）， and glutathione peroxidase （GSH-Px）. Hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining was performed to observe ovarian histomorphological changes and follicular development status. Immunofluorescence was used to detect reactive oxygen species （ROS） expression levels. Colorimetric assays were employed to measure adenosine triphosphate （ATP） and malondialdehyde （MDA） content in ovarian tissues. Quantitative Real-time polymerase chain reaction （Real-time PCR） was used to detect mitochondrial DNA （mtDNA） copy number and the mRNA expression levels of key genes including SIRT1， PGC-1α， nuclear respiratory factor 1 （NRF1）， and mitochondrial transcription factor A （TFAM）. Western blot was performed to detect the protein expression levels of SIRT1， PGC-1α， NRF1， and TFAM. ResultsCompared with the blank group， rats in the model group exhibited disrupted estrous cycles， obviously reduced body weight， and decreased ovarian index （P<0.05）. Ovarian histopathology revealed cortical thinning， loose structure， and a significant reduction in both primordial and growing follicles （P<0.01）. Serum FSH and LH levels were significantly elevated （P<0.01）， while E₂ and AMH levels were obviously reduced （P<0.05， P<0.01）. ATP content and mtDNA copy number decreased in ovarian tissue （P<0.01）， ROS expression increased， MDA levels rose， while SOD and GSH-Px activities obviously decreased （P<0.05， P<0.01）， mRNA and protein expression levels of SIRT1， PGC-1α， NRF1， and TFAM were obviously downregulated （P<0.05， P<0.01）. After treatment， compared with the model group， body weight and ovarian index obviously recovered in rats administered various doses of YJZYT （P<0.05）， serum E₂ and AMH levels increased， while FSH and LH levels obviously decreased （P<0.05， P<0.01）， ovarian tissue ATP content and mtDNA copy number were up-regulated， ROS and MDA levels decreased， and antioxidant enzymes SOD and GSH-Px activity obviously increased （P<0.05， P<0.01）， Gene and protein expression levels related to the SIRT1/PGC-1α /NRF1/TFAM signaling pathway were obviously up-regulated compared to the model group （P<0.05， P<0.01）， HE staining revealed that ovarian structure gradually recovered to integrity in all treatment groups， with a obviously increase in the number of primordial and growing follicles （P<0.05， P<0.01）. Granulosa cells were neatly arranged， indicating marked improvement in ovarian function. ConclusionYJZYT may improve ovarian function and follicular development in rats with diminished ovarian reserve by activating the SIRT1/PGC-1α signaling pathway， promoting mitochondrial biogenesis， enhancing mitochondrial function， and alleviating oxidative stress damage.

This article systematically reviews and examines the historical evolution of Bambusae Succus as a medicinal material， covering aspects such as nomenclature， origin， geographical distribution， harvesting and processing methods， quality assessment， therapeutic effects and indications， by consulting ancient herbal texts， medical compendia， and modern literature. The aim is to provide a reference for the development and utilization of famous classical formulas containing this herb. Research indicated that Bambusae Succus was first documented in the Shennong Bencaojing during the Han dynasty， with Zhuli being the standard name used throughout history， alongside aliases like Zhuzhi， Zhuyou and Huoquan. Historically， the primary source of Bambusae Succus has been Phyllostachys nigra var. henonis（Danzhu）， although other species such as Pleioblastus amarus and Bambusa emeiensis have also been used medicinally. Ancient records predominantly noted its origin in Yizhou（present-day Chengdu and surrounding areas in Sichuan） and the Wuling region（between present-day Hunan， Guangdong， Guangxi and Jiangxi provinces）， while contemporary sources are mainly from regions south of the Yangtze River and southwestern China. Traditionally， Bambusae Succus was harvested from bamboo that had grown for exactly one year， today， it can be collected year-round without strict age requirements. Ancient preparation methods included direct fire roasting or dry distillation， whereas modern industrial production employs dry distillation， reflux extraction， and percolation. In terms of quality evaluation， ancient texts considered a sweet taste to be superior， while today， clarity and transparency are prioritized. Historically， Bambusae Succus was characterized as sweet and cold nature， targeting the lung and stomach meridians， with uses evolving from clearing heat and resolving phlegm to nourishing Yin， moistening dryness， and relaxing tendons and unblocking meridians. Modern descriptions classify it as sweet， bitter， and cold in nature， affecting the heart， liver， and lung meridians， with functions including clearing heat， resolving phlegm， and facilitating orifices. It is indicated for conditions such as stroke with phlegm confusion， lung heat with phlegm congestion， convulsions， epilepsy， excessive phlegm in febrile diseases， high fever with thirst， irritability during pregnancy， and tetanus， with more clearly defined applications. Based on the results of the research， it is recommended that when developing and utilizing famous classical formulas containing Bambusae Succus， the one-year-old Phyllostachys nigra var. Henonis， which has been highly praised throughout history， should be selected as the source material. Industrial production should adopt the dry distillation method. Furthermore， in-depth research should be conducted on the modern technological characterization of the traditional quality control indicator of sweet taste， and reasonable modern quality control standards should be established.

Objective: To compare the consistency between bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) and dual energy X ray absorptiometry (DXA) in measuring body composition among Tibetan children and adolescents and to explore the applicability of BIA in plateau region, so as to provide scientific and convenient body composition measurement support among children and adolescents. Methods: From May to June, 2022, a total of 344 Tibetan children and adolescents aged 6-17 years were selected from Golmud Municipal National Middle School and Changjiangyuan Nationality Primary School in Qinghai Province by cluster sampling method, and their fat mass, fat mass percentage and lean mass were measured by DXA and BIA. The consistency and correlation between the two methods were assessed by using the Wilcoxon rank-sum test, Spearman correlation analysis, intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), and Bland-Altman analysis. Results: DXA measured fat mass and fat mass percentage were significantly higher than those obtained by BIA (6-12 years old: Z =9.91, 11.28; 13-17 years old: Z =9.02, 10.21), while lean mass and lean mass percentage were significantly lower than BIA results (6-12 years old: Z =-11.60, -11.30; 13-17 years old: Z =-10.77, -10.36) (all P < 0.05 ). The two methods showed strong correlations in fat mass and lean mass (all r >0.80, all ICC >0.90), but exhibited poor agreement in fat mass percentage and lean mass percentage (6-12 years old: Lin s CCC =0.64, 0.41; 13-17 years old: Lin s CCC = 0.79 , 0.35). Bland-Altman analysis showed that the difference between the two methods was negatively correlated with the average value in FM%(6-12 years old: r =-0.75, 13-17 years old: r =-0.79, both P <0.01). Conclusion BIA and DXA show high consistency in measuring body fat mass and lean body mass in Tibetan children and adolescents, although some bias is still present in certain individuals.

Abstract Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) exposure is a pressing and severe global public health issue. Children and adolescents exposed to multiple ACEs are highly susceptible to toxic stress and impaired physiological functioning, which significantly jeopardize their physical and mental health. Effective prevention and intervention strategies can reduce the prevalence of ACEs and mitigate their severe impacts, thereby minimizing the long term detrimental consequences on future outcomes. The review provides a comprehensive review of intervention strategies across four dimensions: individual, family, school, and public services/policy, so as to establish a theoretical foundation for implementing effective interventions for children and adolescents exposed to adverse childhood experiences.

ObjectiveTo analyze the changes in the degree of coordination of China's major epidemic prevention and control efforts before and after the outbreak of the Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), so as to explore the impact of epidemic prevention and control measures on coordination dynamics. MethodsA total of 3 864 policy documents related to epidemic prevention and control from January 2000 to December 2020 across 31 provinces (autonomous regions, and municipalities) in China were systematically collected. Contents specific to collaborative and cooperative efforts were extracted, and the extent of interdepartmental coordination were quantified to assess the effectiveness of epidemic prevention and control efforts. Wilcoxon signed-rank test was adopted to statistically analyze the differences between the indicators before and after the epidemic. ResultsThe average overall coordination level for major epidemic prevention and control in 31 provinces (autonomous regions, and municipalities) increased from 43.06% to 97.62%, and the average coordination levels in the eastern, central, and western China soared from 42.29%, 37.50%, and 47.46%, to 98.81%, 96.20%, and 97.46%, respectively, with statistically significant differences (all P<0.05). In terms of department categorization, coordination levels in the professional departments and the key support departments peaked at 100.00%, while other support departments rose to 95.43%, with an increase of 77.15%, 181.85%, and 139.89%, respectively, exhibiting noteworthy statistically significant differences (all P<0.001). ConclusionThe scope of coordination departments of China’s major epidemic prevention and control exists a remarkable surge following the COVID-19 outbreak, notable heightened coordination is particularly observed among the key support departments. Future endeavors should prioritize the roles played by diverse departments in epidemic prevention and control, enhancing both the clarity of departmental responsibilities and the effectiveness of interdepartmental coordination.

ObjectiveTo systematically evaluate the public health governance capacity of 40 cities in Jiangsu, Zhejiang, and Anhui Provinces, providing a scientific evaluation basis for building a "Healthy Yangtze River Delta". MethodsA comprehensive collection of policy documents, public information reports, and research literature related to public health governance capacity in Jiangsu, Zhejiang, and Anhui Provinces was conducted, totaling 6 920 policy documents, 1 720 information reports, and 1 200 literature pieces. Based on the evaluation standards for an appropriate public health system established by the research team, the basic status of public health governance capacity was assessed to identify the strengths and weaknesses of the 40 cities. ResultsIn 2022, the public health governance capacity score for the 40 cities in Jiangsu, Zhejiang, and Anhui Provinces was (562.5±38.0) points. In terms of specific areas, the emergency response field received the highest score of (791.4±49.7) points, while the chronic disease prevention and control field received the lowest score of (368.2±29.6) points. The Jiangsu-Zhejiang-Anhui region has largely achieved the strategic priority of health, gradually improved public health legal regulations, and established a basic organizational framework with a solid foundation for information and data infrastructure. However, challenges still need to be addressed, such as unstable government funding for public health, unclear departmental responsibilities, and barriers to information interoperability. ConclusionThe public health governance capacity of the 40 cities in Jiangsu, Zhejiang, and Anhui Province has been at a moderate level, but disparities have still existed across regions and fields. In the future, while continuing to deepen existing advantages, it is essential to accurately identify the causes of problems, establish a long-term and stable investment mechanism, enhance information connectivity mechanisms, further clarify departmental responsibilities, and promote the achievement of the "Healthy Yangtze River Delta" goal.

ObjectiveTo perform a genome-wide association study of rubella virus vaccine strain BRD-Ⅱ, so as to fully grasp the sequence characteristics of this genome. MethodsSecond-generation sequencing method was used to conduct the whole-genome sequencing on the vaccine strain BRD-Ⅱ, and the affinity tree of this genome with some vaccine strains and wild-type rubella virus strains was analyzed using the maximum likelihood method. The average genetic distance of nucleic acid sequence of each vaccine strain protein was determined. And homology comparison of structural proteins of each rubella vaccine strain, plus the comparison between this genome with the AY258323.1 genome sequence, were conducted to analyze the homology of E1 protein between the wild-type rubella virus reference strain and vaccine strain BRD-Ⅱ. ResultsThe sequencing results showed that the BRD-Ⅱ strain was a single-molecule single-stranded positive-strand ribonucleic acid (RNA), composed of 9 778 nucleotides, with a GC content of 69.35 %. The C protein was composed of 300 amino acids, the E2 glycoprotein was composed of 282 amino acids, and the E1 glycoprotein was composed of 481 amino acids. The results of preliminary analysis showed that the average genetic distances of nucleic acid sequences were 0.066 700 for the P150 protein, 0.061 933 for the P90 protein, 0.057 850 for the C protein, 0.068 167 for the E2 protein, and 0.068 833 for the E1 protein, respectively. The amino acid sequences in the E2 protein and E1 protein regions of the two BRD-Ⅱ strains did not change, confirming the conserved regions of the E1 protein by comparison. ConclusionThe sequence characteristics of the genome are clarified, which have laid a broad foundation for the subsequent detection of the genetic stability of the main antigen genes.