Objective:To investigate the clinicopathological and molecular genetic characteristics of pan cytokeratin (CKpan)-positive EWSR1/FUS::CREB fusion malignant tumors in abdominopelvic cavity.Methods:Four cases of malignant tumor with CKpan-positive EWSR1/FUS::CREB fusion were selected from January 2019 to July 2024 in the Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Tianjin, China. Their clinical, pathological, and immunohistochemical characteristics were examined. Their molecular genetic characteristics were analyzed using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and next-generation sequencing (NGS).Results:Among the 4 patients, there were 2 males and 2 females, aged 44, 44, 48 and 66 years, respectively. The tumor sites included 1 case located between the stomach and transverse colon, 1 case on the serous surface of the gastric wall, 1 case in the transverse mesocolon, and 1 case in transverse mesocolon and small mesentery. The clinical manifestations were mostly abdominal distension and abdominal pain. The maximum diameter of the tumor in the surgical resection specimen was 3.5-8.5 cm. The tumor′s cut surface was grayish-white and gray-yellow in color, with medium consistency. Microscopically, the tumor cells were mainly composed of epithelioid tumor cells, and 2 of the tumors showed that tumor cells arranged in a solid sheet or multinodular pattern, and the cytoplasm of the tumor cells was abundant, lightly stained, and the boundaries were unclear, accompanied by the formation of capsules or microcapsules, and lymphocyte and plasma cell sleeves were seen. In one case, the pseudopapillary arrangement was present, and the tumor cells were radially distributed around the fibrovascular axis. In another case, it was arranged in a pseudoacinar pattern, and the nest was surrounded by slender reticular fibers. Immunohistochemistry showed that tumor cells expressed CKpan (4/4) and WT1 (4/4, including 1 focal positive). Vimentin, CK8/18, D2-40 and S-100 were expressed in various intensities, while Calretinin was locally positive or negative. FISH showed that 2 cases had EWSR1 break-apart and 2 cases had FUS break-apart. NGS confirmed the presence of EWSR1::CREM fusion (1 case) and FUS::CREM fusion (2 cases), respectively. Except for 1 recently diagnosed case, 3 cases were followed up: 1 patient died due to tumor recurrence and metastasis (overall survival was 33 months), and 2 patients survived (1 case had recurrence 58 months after surgery, and 1 case had no recurrence or metastasis after surgery).Conclusions:CKpan-positive EWSR1/FUS::CREB fusion malignant tumor is a rare malignancy tumor with undetermined classification that tends to occur in the abdominopelvic cavity and often involves the gastrointestinal tract. Molecular testing such as FISH and NGS is helpful for a definitive diagnosis.

Objective:To observe the effects of acupuncture on the motor function of Parkinson disease(PD)model mice and to investigate the neuroprotective effects of acupuncture on PD from the perspective of cellular senescence.Methods:C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into a normal control(NC)group,a 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine(MPTP)group,an acupuncture(ACU)group,and a rasagiline(RAS)group,with 6 mice in each group.Except for the mice in the NC group,all mice were injected intraperitoneally with MPTP[30 mg/(kg·bw)]to establish a PD mouse model.After the models were successfully established,mice in the ACU group received acupuncture at Baihui(GV20)and bilateral Yanglingquan(GB34)for 15 min,once a day for 14 consecutive days.Mice in the RAS group were treated with gavage of rasagiline mesylate[0.5 mg/(kg·bw)],once daily for 14 d.Mouse balance and motor functions were detected using the mouse fatigue rotating rod apparatus.Immunohistochemistry staining was used to detect the number of tyrosine hydroxylase(TH)-positive neurons and the protein expression levels of special AT-rich sequence-binding protein 1(SATB1),p21,and p53 in the substantia nigra(SN)region of the mouse brain in each group.The glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px)activity of mouse brain SN tissue was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.The protein expression levels of interleukin(IL)-6 and senescence-associated β-galactosidase(SA-β-gal)in the SN tissue of mice in each group were detected by Western blotting.The relative expression of SATB1,p21,and p53 mRNA in the SN of each group was detected by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction.Results:Compared to the NC group,the overall rod performance(ORP)score,the number of TH-positive neurons,and GSH-Px activity in the SN region were significantly lower in the mice in the MPTP group(P<0.01);compared to the MPTP group,the ORP score,the number of TH-positive neurons,and GSH-Px activity were significantly increased in the ACU group and the RAS group(P<0.01 or P<0.05).Compared to the NC group,the protein levels of IL-6 and SA-β-gal in the SN tissue,the protein and mRNA expression levels of p21 and p53 were significantly increased(P<0.01);compared to the MPTP group,the protein levels of IL-6 and SA-β-gal in the SN tissue,the protein and mRNA expression levels of p21 and p53 were significantly decreased in the ACU group and the RAS group(P<0.01 or P<0.05).Compared to the NC group,the relative expression of SATB1 protein and mRNA in the SN of mice in the MPTP group was significantly decreased(P<0.01);compared to mice in the MPTP group,mice in the ACU group and the RAS group showed significant increases in the relative expression of SATB1 protein and mRNA(P<0.01 or P<0.05).Conclusion:Acupuncture can improve motor function and increase the number of TH-positive neurons in the SN of PD model mice.Its neuroprotective effect may relate to the regulation of the SATB1/p21 signaling pathway and the inhibition of cellular senescence-related biomarker expression in the SN.

Objective:To observe the effects of acupuncture on the motor function of Parkinson disease(PD)model mice and to investigate the neuroprotective effects of acupuncture on PD from the perspective of cellular senescence.Methods:C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into a normal control(NC)group,a 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine(MPTP)group,an acupuncture(ACU)group,and a rasagiline(RAS)group,with 6 mice in each group.Except for the mice in the NC group,all mice were injected intraperitoneally with MPTP[30 mg/(kg·bw)]to establish a PD mouse model.After the models were successfully established,mice in the ACU group received acupuncture at Baihui(GV20)and bilateral Yanglingquan(GB34)for 15 min,once a day for 14 consecutive days.Mice in the RAS group were treated with gavage of rasagiline mesylate[0.5 mg/(kg·bw)],once daily for 14 d.Mouse balance and motor functions were detected using the mouse fatigue rotating rod apparatus.Immunohistochemistry staining was used to detect the number of tyrosine hydroxylase(TH)-positive neurons and the protein expression levels of special AT-rich sequence-binding protein 1(SATB1),p21,and p53 in the substantia nigra(SN)region of the mouse brain in each group.The glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px)activity of mouse brain SN tissue was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.The protein expression levels of interleukin(IL)-6 and senescence-associated β-galactosidase(SA-β-gal)in the SN tissue of mice in each group were detected by Western blotting.The relative expression of SATB1,p21,and p53 mRNA in the SN of each group was detected by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction.Results:Compared to the NC group,the overall rod performance(ORP)score,the number of TH-positive neurons,and GSH-Px activity in the SN region were significantly lower in the mice in the MPTP group(P<0.01);compared to the MPTP group,the ORP score,the number of TH-positive neurons,and GSH-Px activity were significantly increased in the ACU group and the RAS group(P<0.01 or P<0.05).Compared to the NC group,the protein levels of IL-6 and SA-β-gal in the SN tissue,the protein and mRNA expression levels of p21 and p53 were significantly increased(P<0.01);compared to the MPTP group,the protein levels of IL-6 and SA-β-gal in the SN tissue,the protein and mRNA expression levels of p21 and p53 were significantly decreased in the ACU group and the RAS group(P<0.01 or P<0.05).Compared to the NC group,the relative expression of SATB1 protein and mRNA in the SN of mice in the MPTP group was significantly decreased(P<0.01);compared to mice in the MPTP group,mice in the ACU group and the RAS group showed significant increases in the relative expression of SATB1 protein and mRNA(P<0.01 or P<0.05).Conclusion:Acupuncture can improve motor function and increase the number of TH-positive neurons in the SN of PD model mice.Its neuroprotective effect may relate to the regulation of the SATB1/p21 signaling pathway and the inhibition of cellular senescence-related biomarker expression in the SN.

Objective:To investigate the clinicopathological and molecular genetic characteristics of pan cytokeratin (CKpan)-positive EWSR1/FUS::CREB fusion malignant tumors in abdominopelvic cavity.Methods:Four cases of malignant tumor with CKpan-positive EWSR1/FUS::CREB fusion were selected from January 2019 to July 2024 in the Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Tianjin, China. Their clinical, pathological, and immunohistochemical characteristics were examined. Their molecular genetic characteristics were analyzed using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and next-generation sequencing (NGS).Results:Among the 4 patients, there were 2 males and 2 females, aged 44, 44, 48 and 66 years, respectively. The tumor sites included 1 case located between the stomach and transverse colon, 1 case on the serous surface of the gastric wall, 1 case in the transverse mesocolon, and 1 case in transverse mesocolon and small mesentery. The clinical manifestations were mostly abdominal distension and abdominal pain. The maximum diameter of the tumor in the surgical resection specimen was 3.5-8.5 cm. The tumor′s cut surface was grayish-white and gray-yellow in color, with medium consistency. Microscopically, the tumor cells were mainly composed of epithelioid tumor cells, and 2 of the tumors showed that tumor cells arranged in a solid sheet or multinodular pattern, and the cytoplasm of the tumor cells was abundant, lightly stained, and the boundaries were unclear, accompanied by the formation of capsules or microcapsules, and lymphocyte and plasma cell sleeves were seen. In one case, the pseudopapillary arrangement was present, and the tumor cells were radially distributed around the fibrovascular axis. In another case, it was arranged in a pseudoacinar pattern, and the nest was surrounded by slender reticular fibers. Immunohistochemistry showed that tumor cells expressed CKpan (4/4) and WT1 (4/4, including 1 focal positive). Vimentin, CK8/18, D2-40 and S-100 were expressed in various intensities, while Calretinin was locally positive or negative. FISH showed that 2 cases had EWSR1 break-apart and 2 cases had FUS break-apart. NGS confirmed the presence of EWSR1::CREM fusion (1 case) and FUS::CREM fusion (2 cases), respectively. Except for 1 recently diagnosed case, 3 cases were followed up: 1 patient died due to tumor recurrence and metastasis (overall survival was 33 months), and 2 patients survived (1 case had recurrence 58 months after surgery, and 1 case had no recurrence or metastasis after surgery).Conclusions:CKpan-positive EWSR1/FUS::CREB fusion malignant tumor is a rare malignancy tumor with undetermined classification that tends to occur in the abdominopelvic cavity and often involves the gastrointestinal tract. Molecular testing such as FISH and NGS is helpful for a definitive diagnosis.

Objective To observe the value of 5.0T MR susceptibility weighted imaging(SWI)for displaying cerebral small veins and detecting cerebral microbleeds(CMB).Methods Head MR examinations were prospectively performed using both 3.0T and 5.0T MR scanner in 30 stroke patients suspected caused by cerebral small vessel disease.The image quality,effect of displaying cerebral small veins and detecting CMB were compared between 3.0T and 5.0T SWI.Results The image quality scores,signal-to-noise ratios,contrast-to-noise ratios,scores of displaying deep cerebral veins and subcortical veins,the counts of detecting CMB and iron deposition on cortical surface of 5.0T SWI were all higher than those of 3.0T SWI(all P＜0.05).High consistency of CMB positions was found between 3.0T and 5.0T SWI(Kappa=1.0).Conclusion The effect of 5.0T MR SWI for displaying cerebral small veins and detecting cerebral microbleeds were better than 3.0T MR SWI,which could be used to assess stroke caused by cerebral small vascular disease.

Purpose To investigate the diagnosis and the clinicopathological characteristics of gastric adenocarcinoma with enteroblastic differentiation(GAED)in biopsy,and to provide data for the pathological evaluation of endoscopic resection of early gastric cancer.Methods 26 GAED biopsy specimens were collected,and the clinicopathological features were ana-lyzed by re-reading slides,immunohistochemistry and with paired radical surgery specimen.Results Serum AFP was de-tected in 16 patients before operation,and 11 patients(68.75％)were elevated.The initial diagnosis rate and follow-up rate of GAED in biopsy were 42.31％and 92.31％.Among the biopsy specimens,5 cases of GAED were accompanied by conventional gastric adenocarcinoma,and the positive rates of SALL4 and Glypican-3 were high(both 78.57％).The accom-panying cancers in the radical resection specimens include con-ventional gastric adenocarcinoma,hepatoid adenocarcinoma,and low adhesion adenocarcinoma,with the positive rate of SALL4(81.25％),Glypican-3(75％),and AFP(62.5％).GAED was more prone to deep invasion of the gastric wall and lymph node metastasis than conventional gastric adenocarcinoma.A-mong the 6 cases of early GAED,3 cases(50％)were lymph node-positive.Conclusion GAED is easy to be missed in biop-sy,and more attention should be paid to its tissue morphology and immunophenotype.GAED needs to be excluded in the histo-logical type of endoscopic curative resection of early gastric canc-er.

Purpose To investigate the diagnosis and the clinicopathological characteristics of gastric adenocarcinoma with enteroblastic differentiation(GAED)in biopsy,and to provide data for the pathological evaluation of endoscopic resection of early gastric cancer.Methods 26 GAED biopsy specimens were collected,and the clinicopathological features were ana-lyzed by re-reading slides,immunohistochemistry and with paired radical surgery specimen.Results Serum AFP was de-tected in 16 patients before operation,and 11 patients(68.75％)were elevated.The initial diagnosis rate and follow-up rate of GAED in biopsy were 42.31％and 92.31％.Among the biopsy specimens,5 cases of GAED were accompanied by conventional gastric adenocarcinoma,and the positive rates of SALL4 and Glypican-3 were high(both 78.57％).The accom-panying cancers in the radical resection specimens include con-ventional gastric adenocarcinoma,hepatoid adenocarcinoma,and low adhesion adenocarcinoma,with the positive rate of SALL4(81.25％),Glypican-3(75％),and AFP(62.5％).GAED was more prone to deep invasion of the gastric wall and lymph node metastasis than conventional gastric adenocarcinoma.A-mong the 6 cases of early GAED,3 cases(50％)were lymph node-positive.Conclusion GAED is easy to be missed in biop-sy,and more attention should be paid to its tissue morphology and immunophenotype.GAED needs to be excluded in the histo-logical type of endoscopic curative resection of early gastric canc-er.

Lycophytes and seed plants constitute the typical vascular plants. Lycophytes have been thought to have no paleo-polyploidization although the event is known to be critical for the fast expansion of seed plants. Here, genomic analyses including the homologous gene dot plot analysis detected multiple paleo-polyploidization events, with one occurring approximately 13-15 million years ago (MYA) and another about 125-142 MYA, during the evolution of the genome of Selaginella moellendorffii, a model lycophyte. In addition, comparative analysis of reconstructed ancestral genomes of lycophytes and angiosperms suggested that lycophytes were affected by more paleo-polyploidization events than seed plants. Results from the present genomic analyses indicate that paleo-polyploidization has contributed to the successful establishment of both lineages-lycophytes and seed plants-of vascular plants.
Evolution, Molecular ; Genome, Plant ; Genomics ; Phylogeny ; Polyploidy ; Selaginellaceae/genetics*

Objective To systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of enteral nutrition in preoperative bowel preparation for colorectal cancer.Methods We searched in multiple databases (i.e.CNKI,Wanfang Data,VIP,PubMed,Coehrane Library,and Web of Science) for studies up to March 2017 that compared the efficacy and safety of enteral nutrition vs.mechanical bowel preparation before surgical treatment of colorectal cancer.Meta-analysis was conducted with RevMan 5.3 to compare the two approaches in terms of postoperative lymphocyte count,complications,anal exhaust time,intestinal cleaning rate,and levels of prealbumin,albumin,hemoglobin,and transferrin.Results A total of 12 randomized controlled trials involving 617 patients were included in this study,where 308 patients received enteral nutrition and 309 had mechanical bowel preparation.The results showed that enteral nutrition was comparable to mechanical bowel preparation in bowel cleaning rate (OR =1.54,95％ CI=0.98-2.41,P=0.06) and anal exhaust time (WMD =-8.14,95％ CI=-18.25-2.07,P=0.12),and it could lead to higher levels of lymphocytes (WMD=0.19,95％ CI=0.06-0.32,P＜0.01),prealbumin (WMD=20.16,95％ CI=15.77-20.54,P＜0.01),albumin (WMD =2.60,95％ CI=1.69-3.51,P＜0.01),hemoglobin (WMD=7.18,95％ CI=3.61-10.75,P＜0.01),and transferrin (WMD=0.29,95％ CI=0.12-0.47,P＜0.01),and reduce the incidence of postoperative complications (OR=0.18,95％ CI=0.11-0.28,P＜0.01).Conclusions Current evidence showed that using enteral nutrition for bowel preparation before surgical treatment of colorectal cancer could improve postoperative profiles of lymphocyte count,prealbumin,albumin,hemoglobin,and transferrin,and reduce complications.This approach should be adopted in the clinic.

Objective To investigate the expression of platelet-derived growth factor B(PDGF-B) and PDGFR-α mRNA in the skin lesion of recurrent condyloma acuminatum(CA) and to explore its relationship with recurrent condyloma acuminatum.Methods The expressions of PDGF-B and PDGFR-α mRNA in the lesions of recurrent CA and Nonrecurrent CA were investigated by Real-Time-PCR,and the normal foreskins weretaken as controls.Results The PDGF-B and PDGFR-α mRNA levels in the re current CA group and non-recurrent CA group were significantly higher than those in the normal control group,the differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05).The expressions of PDGF-B and PDGFR-α mRNA in the recurrent CA group were higher than those in the non-recurrent CA group(P＜0.01).Furthermore,the expressions of PDGF-B and PDGFR-α mRNA before treatment in the recurrent CA group were higher than those after treatment(P＜0.01).Conclusion PDGF-B and PDGFR-α mRNA might haue a certain relation with CA recurrence.