Objective To observe the value of 5.0T MR susceptibility weighted imaging(SWI)for displaying cerebral small veins and detecting cerebral microbleeds(CMB).Methods Head MR examinations were prospectively performed using both 3.0T and 5.0T MR scanner in 30 stroke patients suspected caused by cerebral small vessel disease.The image quality,effect of displaying cerebral small veins and detecting CMB were compared between 3.0T and 5.0T SWI.Results The image quality scores,signal-to-noise ratios,contrast-to-noise ratios,scores of displaying deep cerebral veins and subcortical veins,the counts of detecting CMB and iron deposition on cortical surface of 5.0T SWI were all higher than those of 3.0T SWI(all P＜0.05).High consistency of CMB positions was found between 3.0T and 5.0T SWI(Kappa=1.0).Conclusion The effect of 5.0T MR SWI for displaying cerebral small veins and detecting cerebral microbleeds were better than 3.0T MR SWI,which could be used to assess stroke caused by cerebral small vascular disease.

Lycophytes and seed plants constitute the typical vascular plants. Lycophytes have been thought to have no paleo-polyploidization although the event is known to be critical for the fast expansion of seed plants. Here, genomic analyses including the homologous gene dot plot analysis detected multiple paleo-polyploidization events, with one occurring approximately 13-15 million years ago (MYA) and another about 125-142 MYA, during the evolution of the genome of Selaginella moellendorffii, a model lycophyte. In addition, comparative analysis of reconstructed ancestral genomes of lycophytes and angiosperms suggested that lycophytes were affected by more paleo-polyploidization events than seed plants. Results from the present genomic analyses indicate that paleo-polyploidization has contributed to the successful establishment of both lineages-lycophytes and seed plants-of vascular plants.
Evolution, Molecular ; Genome, Plant ; Genomics ; Phylogeny ; Polyploidy ; Selaginellaceae/genetics*

Objective To systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of enteral nutrition in preoperative bowel preparation for colorectal cancer.Methods We searched in multiple databases (i.e.CNKI,Wanfang Data,VIP,PubMed,Coehrane Library,and Web of Science) for studies up to March 2017 that compared the efficacy and safety of enteral nutrition vs.mechanical bowel preparation before surgical treatment of colorectal cancer.Meta-analysis was conducted with RevMan 5.3 to compare the two approaches in terms of postoperative lymphocyte count,complications,anal exhaust time,intestinal cleaning rate,and levels of prealbumin,albumin,hemoglobin,and transferrin.Results A total of 12 randomized controlled trials involving 617 patients were included in this study,where 308 patients received enteral nutrition and 309 had mechanical bowel preparation.The results showed that enteral nutrition was comparable to mechanical bowel preparation in bowel cleaning rate (OR =1.54,95％ CI=0.98-2.41,P=0.06) and anal exhaust time (WMD =-8.14,95％ CI=-18.25-2.07,P=0.12),and it could lead to higher levels of lymphocytes (WMD=0.19,95％ CI=0.06-0.32,P＜0.01),prealbumin (WMD=20.16,95％ CI=15.77-20.54,P＜0.01),albumin (WMD =2.60,95％ CI=1.69-3.51,P＜0.01),hemoglobin (WMD=7.18,95％ CI=3.61-10.75,P＜0.01),and transferrin (WMD=0.29,95％ CI=0.12-0.47,P＜0.01),and reduce the incidence of postoperative complications (OR=0.18,95％ CI=0.11-0.28,P＜0.01).Conclusions Current evidence showed that using enteral nutrition for bowel preparation before surgical treatment of colorectal cancer could improve postoperative profiles of lymphocyte count,prealbumin,albumin,hemoglobin,and transferrin,and reduce complications.This approach should be adopted in the clinic.

Objective To investigate the expression of platelet-derived growth factor B(PDGF-B) and PDGFR-α mRNA in the skin lesion of recurrent condyloma acuminatum(CA) and to explore its relationship with recurrent condyloma acuminatum.Methods The expressions of PDGF-B and PDGFR-α mRNA in the lesions of recurrent CA and Nonrecurrent CA were investigated by Real-Time-PCR,and the normal foreskins weretaken as controls.Results The PDGF-B and PDGFR-α mRNA levels in the re current CA group and non-recurrent CA group were significantly higher than those in the normal control group,the differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05).The expressions of PDGF-B and PDGFR-α mRNA in the recurrent CA group were higher than those in the non-recurrent CA group(P＜0.01).Furthermore,the expressions of PDGF-B and PDGFR-α mRNA before treatment in the recurrent CA group were higher than those after treatment(P＜0.01).Conclusion PDGF-B and PDGFR-α mRNA might haue a certain relation with CA recurrence.

OBJECTIVETo assess clinical and pathological features of ovarian transitional cell tumors.

METHODSFourteen cases of ovarian transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) were selected and investigated for their clinical and pathological features. Their immunohistochemical profiles were compared with 12 cases of serous adenocarcinoma (SC) admixed with TCC and 4 cases of EC admixed with TCC 20 cases of pure high-grade serous adenocarcinoma (HG-SC), 15 cases of endometrioid adenocarcinoma (EC), 6 cases of Brenner tumor (BT, 2 cases of malignant BT and 4 cases of benign BT).

RESULTSThe patients' age ranged from 36-63 years (mean, 56 years). All cases underwent surgery and postoperative chemotherapy with TP or CAP program. Clinical follow-up was available in 9 cases, of which 2 patients died. Histologically, all cases showed features of transitional cell carcinoma without BT component. Immunohistochemically, 13 of 14 TCCs were positive for WT-1 and all were positive for CK7, ER, PR and CA125, but negative for Uroplakin III and CK20.Similar immunohistochemical staining patterns were seen in SC admixed with TCC and pure HG-SC. Percentage of the 14 TCC cases were also diffusely positive for BRCA1. All SCs admixed with TCC and pure HG-SCs were diffusely or heterogeneously positive for WT-1, with a sharp contrast and mottled distribution pattern in the heterogeneous cases. All TCCs were diffusely and strongly positive for p53, while 16 of 20 cases of pure HG-SC were positive. The positive ratio of p53 in SCs admixed with TCC cases was 11/12.WT-1 expression in TCCs was significantly higher than BTs, ECs and ECs admixed with TCC (P < 0.01), while no obvious difference was seen when compared with SCs admixed with TCC and pure HG-SCs.SCs admixed with TCC, TCCs and EC were positive for BRCA1 except pure ECs and BTs. The positive rate of Ki-67 of BTs was low, while it was higher in TCCs, SCs admixed with TCC and pure HG-SCs. Only BTs expressed Uroplakin III.

CONCLUSIONSOvarian TCC has characteristic morphological and immunohistochemical features, similar to SC but different from BT. Therefore, TCC should be considered as a morphological variant of HG-SC.

Adult ; Brenner Tumor ; metabolism ; pathology ; CA-125 Antigen ; metabolism ; Carcinoma, Endometrioid ; pathology ; Carcinoma, Transitional Cell ; pathology ; Cystadenocarcinoma, Serous ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Proteins ; metabolism ; Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial ; pathology ; Ovarian Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Uroplakin III ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo observe the effects of anesthetic intervention with small-dose lidocaine and ketamine on early postoperative cognitive function in elderly patients undergoing surgeries for gastrointestinal tumors.

METHODSSixty patients (ASA I-III, aged 63-82 years) scheduled for surgeries for gastrointestinal tumors were randomized into intervention group (n=30) and control group (n=30). After intravenous induction and tracheal intubation, the patients in the interventional group received intravenous infusion of 0.5 mg/kg lidocaine and 0.5 mg/kg ketamine, followed by continuous infusion of lidocaine at the rate of 0.5 mg·kg(-1)·h(-1) till the end of the operation; the patients in the control group received saline infusion only. The cognitive function of the patients was assessed at 3 day before and 2 day after the operation using comprehensive neuro-psychological tests. Peripheral venous blood was extracted before anesthesia induction (T0), at the end of the surgery (T1), and at 1 day (T2) and 2 days (T3) after the operation for measurement of serum S-100β protein, NSE and IL-6 levels using ELISA.

RESULTSThe difference between the test scores before and after the operation (X values) was significantly smaller in the intervention group than in the control group (P<0.05). The intervention group showed a significantly lower incidence rate of postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) than the control group (6.7% vs 33.3%, P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the intervention group exhibited significantly lower serum levels of S-100β protein, NSE and IL-6 at T1 (P<0.05), significantly lower NSE and IL-6 levels at T2 (P<0.05) time point, and significantly lower IL-6 level at T3 (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONIntravenous injection of small-dose lidocaine and ketamine during the operation can reduce the incidence of POCD in elderly patients undergoing surgeries for gastrointestinal tumors possibly in relation to decreased serum S-100β, NSE and IL-6 levels.

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Anesthetics ; therapeutic use ; Cognition ; drug effects ; Gastrointestinal Neoplasms ; surgery ; Humans ; Interleukin-6 ; blood ; Ketamine ; therapeutic use ; Lidocaine ; therapeutic use ; Postoperative Complications ; Postoperative Period ; S100 Calcium Binding Protein beta Subunit ; blood

Objective To observe the effects of anesthetic intervention with small-dose lidocaine and ketamine on early postoperative cognitive function in elderly patients undergoing surgeries for gastrointestinal tumors. Methods Sixty patients (ASA I-III, aged 63-82 years) scheduled for surgeries for gastrointestinal tumors were randomized into intervention group (n=30) and control group (n=30). After intravenous induction and tracheal intubation, the patients in the interventional group received intravenous infusion of 0.5 mg/kg lidocaine and 0.5 mg/kg ketamine, followed by continuous infusion of lidocaine at the rate of 0.5 mg ·kg-1 ·h-1 till the end of the operation; the patients in the control group received saline infusion only. The cognitive function of the patients was assessed at 3 day before and 2 day after the operation using comprehensive neuro-psychological tests. Peripheral venous blood was extracted before anesthesia induction (T0), at the end of the surgery (T1), and at 1 day (T2) and 2 days (T3) after the operation for measurement of serum S-100βprotein, NSE and IL-6 levels using ELISA. Results The difference between the test scores before and after the operation (X values) was significantly smaller in the intervention group than in the control group (P<0.05). The intervention group showed a significantly lower incidence rate of postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) than the control group (6.7%vs 33.3%, P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the intervention group exhibited significantly lower serum levels of S-100βprotein, NSE and IL-6 at T1 (P<0.05), significantly lower NSE and IL-6 levels at T2 (P<0.05) time point, and significantly lower IL-6 level at T3 (P<0.05). Conclusion Intravenous injection of small-dose lidocaine and ketamine during the operation can reduce the incidence of POCD in elderly patients undergoing surgeries for gastrointestinal tumors possibly in relation to decreased serum S-100β, NSE and IL-6 levels.

Objective To observe the effects of anesthetic intervention with small-dose lidocaine and ketamine on early postoperative cognitive function in elderly patients undergoing surgeries for gastrointestinal tumors. Methods Sixty patients (ASA I-III, aged 63-82 years) scheduled for surgeries for gastrointestinal tumors were randomized into intervention group (n=30) and control group (n=30). After intravenous induction and tracheal intubation, the patients in the interventional group received intravenous infusion of 0.5 mg/kg lidocaine and 0.5 mg/kg ketamine, followed by continuous infusion of lidocaine at the rate of 0.5 mg ·kg-1 ·h-1 till the end of the operation; the patients in the control group received saline infusion only. The cognitive function of the patients was assessed at 3 day before and 2 day after the operation using comprehensive neuro-psychological tests. Peripheral venous blood was extracted before anesthesia induction (T0), at the end of the surgery (T1), and at 1 day (T2) and 2 days (T3) after the operation for measurement of serum S-100βprotein, NSE and IL-6 levels using ELISA. Results The difference between the test scores before and after the operation (X values) was significantly smaller in the intervention group than in the control group (P<0.05). The intervention group showed a significantly lower incidence rate of postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) than the control group (6.7%vs 33.3%, P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the intervention group exhibited significantly lower serum levels of S-100βprotein, NSE and IL-6 at T1 (P<0.05), significantly lower NSE and IL-6 levels at T2 (P<0.05) time point, and significantly lower IL-6 level at T3 (P<0.05). Conclusion Intravenous injection of small-dose lidocaine and ketamine during the operation can reduce the incidence of POCD in elderly patients undergoing surgeries for gastrointestinal tumors possibly in relation to decreased serum S-100β, NSE and IL-6 levels.

Objective: This study aimed to examine the number of activated circulating endothelial cells (aCECs) in the peripheral blood of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and investigate the relationship among aCECs, anti-angiogenic therapy, and prognosis of NSCLC patients. This study also aimed to identify novel predictive markers for anti-angiogenic therapy, and provide basic data and experimental basis for establishing an evaluation system for this therapy. Methods: A total of 142 NSCLC patients were randomly divided into the chemotherapy group (Group 1) and combined therapy group (i.e., chemotherapy plus endostatin, Group 2). The number of aCECs was measured using flow cytometry by detecting the expression status of CD105 and CD146 in the peripheral blood. The correlation between the changes in aCECs and efficacy of drug treatment was statistically analyzed using SPSS software. Results:The number of aCECs in Group 2 increased significantly at 8 and 29 d, two cycles, 50 and 71 d, and four cycles after treatment, respectively (P<0.05). In particular, aCECs amount in cases of progressive disease increased more significantly after combined therapy (P<0.05). A negative correlation was found between the treatment cycle and difference in aCECs amount before and after therapy (r=-0.970, P=0.001). A negative correlation was also observed between the difference in aCECs amount and time to tumor progression (TTP) (r=-0.351, P=0.039). Therefore, the difference in aCECs amount before and after therapy could serve as an important predictor for TTP in NSCLC patients. Conclusion:CD105 and CD146 reflected the activation status of endothelial cells, and responded to the drug treatment. Thus, CD105 and CD146 could act as ideal markers for aCECs. The number of aCECs increased during cancer progression, but significantly decreased after long-term treatment. Therefore, the change in aCECs amount may be a useful marker in predicting the efficacy of anti-angiogenic therapy.

Objective To establish a rat model of radiation-induced optic neuropathy ( RION) by delivering a single radiation dose to the optic chiasm. The aim of our study was to analysis the feasibility and effectiveness of manganese-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging ( MEMRI) in RION. Methods 34 Wistar rats were randomized to the control group(4 rats), the 2-month group(5 rats),the 4-month group(4 rats) and the 6-month group(11 rats) according to the different feeding period after irradiation. MEMRI scan were performed when the respective feeding periods of all groups expired. The rats were then killed for histological studies with hematoxylin and eosin stain, Luxol Fast Blue stain, and electron microscopy analysis. Results The ratio of RION in the four groups were 0/3, 1/5, 2/4 and 11/11, respectively (χ2 =15?443, P<0?05). There was an inverse correlation between the relative optical density value in the LFB stain and the interval between irradiation and pathological examination(R= -0?643,P<0?05). The number of glial cells in the HE stain in the four groups were 194 ± 65, 234 ± 19, 124 ± 11 and 345 ± 98, respectively(R=0?590,P<0?05). When compared MEMRI scan with the corresponding histological examination, we found that there was loss of signals of optic nerve on MEMRI imaging in one of 5 rats in the 2-month group, while no significant histological difference was found between this rat and the others. Conclusions RION can be non-invasively detected and semi-quantitative analysed by MEMRI scan. Moreover, RION can be early diagnosed by MEMRI scan which is capable to show physiological change in advance of pathological change.