Abstract To clarify the service targets, service contents, and safeguard mechanisms of the basic public service program for student vision health management, the study grounded in the current status of child and adolescent myopia prevention and control in China and integrated with the practical experience and innovative practices of Wuhan National Demonstration Area for Student Vision Health Management, takes education as the main thread and schools as the base, consolidating resources from multiple stakeholders including education administrative departments, schools, families, and professional technical service institutions. Centering on four core components—vision health education, monitoring and record keeping, risk prevention and control, and dynamic management, the study constructs a multi tiered basic public service system for vision health management of primary and secondary school students. It further proposes the use of an intelligent management platform and a "three tier color coded early warning" mechanism (red, yellow, blue) to prevent and control student myopia at the source, providing schools with replicable and operable implementation pathways to enhance the level of student vision health management.

AIM:To explore the effect of high aspherical lenticule on controlling low myopia.METHODS: Prospective study. A total of 100 patients aged 7 to 12 years old with low myopia who visited our hospital from May 1 to 31, 2022 were collected. They were divided into two groups with 50 cases in each group according to the wishes of patients. The control group was given single vision glasses after optometry, while the study group was given high aspherical lenticule. The myopia progression(absolute value), axial length(AL)growth, transition rate to moderate myopia, and AL negative growth rate over 6 mo and 1 a were compared between the two groups.RESULTS: The myopia progression and the AL growth of study group was lower than that of the control group after 6 mo and 1 a(all P<0.001).The negative growth rate of AL after 6 mo of treatment was significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.001). The transition rate to moderate myopia between the two groups was not statistically significant(P=0.62); while the transition rate to moderate myopia in the study group was significantly lower than that in the control group after wearing lens for 1 a(P<0.001), and there was no statistically significant difference in AL negative growth rate between the two groups(P=0.12). Compare with single vision glasses, high aspherical lenticule achieved an 88.2% control rate for low myopia progression over 6mo and a 90.0% control rate of AL growth. The control rate for low myopia to moderate myopia was 66.7%; while the control rate of myopia progression growth was 75.6% after wearing lens for 1a, the control rate of AL growth was 69.2%, and the control rate of the transition rate to moderate myopia was 88.9%.CONCLUSION: For children and adolescents aged 7 to 12 with low myopia, high aspherical lenticule was more effective than single vision glasses in controlling myopia, making it one of the optimal choices for myopia control.

The acquired immunodeficiency syndrome patients with compromised immunity are prone to hemophagocytic syndrome secondary to opportunistic infections.This paper reports a rare case of hemophagocytic syndrome secondary to human parvovirus B19 infection in an acquired immunodeficiency syndrome patient,and analyzes the clinical characteristics,aiming to improve the diagnosis and treatment of the disease and prevent missed diagnosis and misdiagnosis.
Humans ; Lymphohistiocytosis, Hemophagocytic/drug therapy* ; Erythema Infectiosum/complications* ; Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/complications* ; Parvoviridae Infections/diagnosis* ; Parvovirus B19, Human

Pneumonia caused by SARS-CoV-2 has seriously threatened human life and health worldwide and caused a large number of deaths. Viral infection and acute inflammation are important causes of death, so it is particularly important to combine antiviral therapy with anti-inflammatory therapy. Glycyrrhizic acid, the main component of the glycyrrhizic root extract, has a wide range of pharmacological effects as well as high efficiency and low toxicity, its preparation has been widely used in the treatment of chronic hepatitis and other diseases. Glycyrrhizic acid can regulate the expression and release of a variety of cytokines and play a significant anti-inflammatory effect. At the same time, glycyrrhizic acid also showed significant inhibition towards a variety types of viruses. Therefore, the potential application of glycyrrhizic acid as COVID-19 treatment should be explored.

BACKGROUND: Albuvirtide is a once-weekly injectable human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 fusion inhibitor. We present interim data for a phase 3 trial assessing the safety and efficacy of albuvirtide plus lopinavir-ritonavir in HIV-1-infected adults already treated with antiretroviral drugs. METHODS: We carried out a 48-week, randomized, controlled, open-label non-inferiority trial at 12 sites in China. Adults on the World Health Organization (WHO)-recommended first-line treatment for >6 months with a plasma viral load >1000 copies/mL were enrolled and randomly assigned (1:1) to receive albuvirtide (once weekly) plus ritonavir-boosted lopinavir (ABT group) or the WHO-recommended second-line treatment (NRTI group). The primary endpoint was the proportion of patients with a plasma viral load below 50 copies/mL at 48 weeks. Non-inferiority was prespecified with a margin of 12%. RESULTS: At the time of analysis, week 24 data were available for 83 and 92 patients, and week 48 data were available for 46 and 50 patients in the albuvirtide and NRTI groups, respectively. At 48 weeks, 80.4% of patients in the ABT group and 66.0% of those in the NRTI group had HIV-1 RNA levels below 50 copies/mL, meeting the criteria for non-inferiority. For the per-protocol population, the superiority of albuvirtide over NRTI was demonstrated. The frequency of grade 3 to 4 adverse events was similar in the two groups; the most common adverse events were diarrhea, upper respiratory tract infections, and grade 3 to 4 increases in triglyceride concentration. Renal function was significantly more impaired at 12 weeks in the patients of the NRTI group who received tenofovir disoproxil fumarate than in those of the ABT group. CONCLUSIONS: The TALENT study is the first phase 3 trial of an injectable long-acting HIV drug. This interim analysis indicates that once-weekly albuvirtide in combination with ritonavir-boosted lopinavir is well tolerated and non-inferior to the WHO-recommended second-line regimen in patients with first-line treatment failure. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02369965; https://www.clinicaltrials.gov.Chinese Clinical Trial Registry No. ChiCTR-TRC-14004276; http://www.chictr.org.cn/enindex.aspx.
Adult ; Anti-HIV Agents/adverse effects* ; Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active ; China ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; HIV Infections/drug therapy* ; HIV-1 ; Humans ; Maleimides ; Peptides ; Ritonavir/therapeutic use* ; Treatment Outcome ; Viral Load

Objective:To evaluate the working memory (WM) performance of adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) using event-related potential (ERP), and to examine whether there is output dysfunction of their WM resource under increasing memory load.Method:Forty-three adult ADHD patients, and 40 healthy controls matched in gender ratio, age and IQ were recruited to participate in the study. All participants were required to perform a verbal n-back test with EEG recording. Behavioral indices including reaction time (RT), intra-individual reaction time variability (ISD) and accuracy rate were recorded by software E-prime. Meanwhile, electrophysiology indexes were recorded by EEG/ERP recording system EGI. Comparisons were conducted between ADHD patients and normal controls on their behavioral performances of RT, accuracy rate and ISD and their electrophysiology component of P300. Pearson correlation analysis was used to compare the correlation between behavioral, electrophysiological indicators and clinical symptoms.Results:Behaviorally, ADHD patients performed with a longer RT than healthy controls under 1-back ((505±100) ms vs. (457±75) ms, F(1, 81)=5.94, P=0.017) and 2-back ((573±125) ms vs. (511±100) ms, F(1, 81)=6.05, P=0.016). Main effect of group on ISD was found ( F(1, 81)=6.03, P=0.016), where adult ADHD patients performed significantly higher than healthy controls. Neurophysiolocally, significantly lower amplitude of P300 component under 2-back task was found among ADHD patients compared to healthy controls ( F(1, 78)=4.14, P=0.045). Correlation analysis: the more severe the hyperactivity symptoms of adult ADHD, the longer reaction time to complete the 2-back task ( r=0.303, P=0.48). The more severe the hyperactivity symptoms of adult ADHD, the lower P300 amplitude to complete the n-back task. The more severe the attention deficit symptom of adult ADHD, the longer P300 latency to complete the n-back task. Conclusions:Adult ADHD patients may have prolonged response time, increased variability and decreased P300 amplitude compared to the control subjects in n-back task, which is correlated to clinical symptoms. These signs suggest the impairment in retrieval of working memory, and an unstable attention, as well as slower information processing speed among adult patients with ADHD.

Objective:To evaluate the working memory (WM) performance of adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) using event-related potential (ERP), and to examine whether there is output dysfunction of their WM resource under increasing memory load.Method:Forty-three adult ADHD patients, and 40 healthy controls matched in gender ratio, age and IQ were recruited to participate in the study. All participants were required to perform a verbal n-back test with EEG recording. Behavioral indices including reaction time (RT), intra-individual reaction time variability (ISD) and accuracy rate were recorded by software E-prime. Meanwhile, electrophysiology indexes were recorded by EEG/ERP recording system EGI. Comparisons were conducted between ADHD patients and normal controls on their behavioral performances of RT, accuracy rate and ISD and their electrophysiology component of P300. Pearson correlation analysis was used to compare the correlation between behavioral, electrophysiological indicators and clinical symptoms.Results:Behaviorally, ADHD patients performed with a longer RT than healthy controls under 1-back ((505±100) ms vs. (457±75) ms, F(1, 81)=5.94, P=0.017) and 2-back ((573±125) ms vs. (511±100) ms, F(1, 81)=6.05, P=0.016). Main effect of group on ISD was found ( F(1, 81)=6.03, P=0.016), where adult ADHD patients performed significantly higher than healthy controls. Neurophysiolocally, significantly lower amplitude of P300 component under 2-back task was found among ADHD patients compared to healthy controls ( F(1, 78)=4.14, P=0.045). Correlation analysis: the more severe the hyperactivity symptoms of adult ADHD, the longer reaction time to complete the 2-back task ( r=0.303, P=0.48). The more severe the hyperactivity symptoms of adult ADHD, the lower P300 amplitude to complete the n-back task. The more severe the attention deficit symptom of adult ADHD, the longer P300 latency to complete the n-back task. Conclusions:Adult ADHD patients may have prolonged response time, increased variability and decreased P300 amplitude compared to the control subjects in n-back task, which is correlated to clinical symptoms. These signs suggest the impairment in retrieval of working memory, and an unstable attention, as well as slower information processing speed among adult patients with ADHD.

Objective To understand caregivers concerning on the nutritional status of patients with esophageal cancer after operation and to provide reference for esophageal cancer patients with postoperative rehabilitation guidance, to help nurses providing targeted health education for esophageal cancer patients. Methods A phenomenological approach was used to conduct unstructured interviews with 8 caregivers of patients with esophageal cancer in the cancer hospital.Data Data were analyzed by Colaizzi's phenomenological procedure. Results Through reading, analysis, reflection, classification and extraction,there were 3 themes: lacking of esophageal cancer related nutrition knowledge, but the belief of active acquisition is strong and behavior compliance is poor. Caregivers are positive about dietary nutrition;Caregivers have poor compliance and professionalism on behavior of dietetic care. Conclusions Doctors and nurses need to carry out elaborate diet instruction for caregivers of patients with esophageal cancer, to meet their nutritional knowledge needs, to provide a variety of effective and authoritative counseling channels, and to supervise their care behavior and promote patients rehabilitation as soon as possible.

Objective To discuss the effects of lidocaine infusion on perioperative immune function by evaluating the levels of stress hormone and natural killer (NK) cell cytotoxicity.Methods Thirty-five patients of American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status Ⅰ or Ⅱ,aged 35-65 yr,undergoing elective radical hysterectomy,were randomized into lidocaine group (group L)and control group (group C).Fifteen minutes before anesthesia induction,a bolus of 1.5 mg/kg of lidocaine was administered iv.to each patient in group L and followed by a continuous infusion at 1.5 mg·kg-1 ·h-1 lasting to the end of surgery.Meanwhile,the patients in group C received the same volume of saline.Venous blood samples were collected individually 24 h before the operation,the end of the operation and 48 h after the operation.Levels of prostaglandin,epinephrine and norepinephrine were assayed by ELISA kits.NK Cells were obtained by CD56 antibody magnetic isolation.The cytotoxicity of NK cell was detected by LDH releasing assay,and phosphor-protein kinase A (p-PKA)and protein kinase A (PKA) were detected by Western blotting.Results There were no significantly different in the plasm levels of PGF2,EP1 and NE.The plasm levels of prostaglandin (562.5±98.2 vs.663.2±119.0) pg/ml,epinephrine (24.9±4.8 vs.29.7±3.5) pg/ml and norepinephrine (408.3 ±47.2 vs.499.6±45.6) pg/ml in patients of group L were lower than those in group C (P＜0.05)48 h after the surgery.The cytotoxicity of NK cell was higher in group L than that in group C (44.1 ±5.0 vs.37.1±5.5)％ (P＜0.05) 48 h after the surgery.The ratio of p-PKA/PKA was lower in group L than that in guoup C (0.060±0.008 vs.0.099±0.011) (P＜0.05) at the end of the surgery.Conclusion Perioperative intravenous lidocaine infusion can reduce the level of plasma catecholamine and PGE2,and protect the cytotoxicity of NK cell,possibly via inhibiting of cAMP-PKA signaling pathway.