Objective: To determine the internal relationships pf perceived discrimination and rejection sensitivity with social adjustment among college students with left behind experiences, so as to provide a reference for targeted prevention and intervention strategies for social adjustment issues in this population. Methods: A cluster random sampling method was used to select 2 999 college students from 3 universities in Qiqihar and Daqing, Heilongjiang Province. In October, 2024 (T1) and April 2025 (T2), the Discrimination Perception Questionnaire of college students, Rejection Sensitivity Questionnaire, and the Chinese College Student Adjustment Scale (CCSAS) were used to assess students perceptions of discrimination, rejection sensitivity, and social adjustment levels. Independent sample t-test was used for group comparisons. Traditional cross sectional comparisons and cross sectional network analysis were performed using T1 data for the core sample of 1 080 students with left behind experiences (T1). Longitudinal network analysis was performed using paired data from T1 and T2 ( n =1 024) and a preliminary cross lagged model was used to determine the relationships between variables. Sensitivity analysis was performed by including followup data from students without left behind experiences to test the robustness of the results. Results: After gender adjustment, students with leftbehind experiences had higher scores on discrimination perception (13.14±0.16) and rejection sensitivity (92.82±0.73) compared to the non left behind group (10.25±0.12) (89.12±0.55) while the social adjustment score (194.94±1.05) was lower than the non left behind group (202.82±0.79). The differences were statistically significant ( F =212.03, 16.52, 36.02, all P <0.01). Cross sectional network analysis showed that the "anticipated rejection likelihood" was the core node ( EI=-2.27 , BEI =-2.37), playing a key role in inter network connections and overall dynamic regulation. Longitudinal network comparison revealed statistically significant changes in the intensity centrality of the nodes "individual discrimination perception" and "anticipated rejection likelihood" (both P <0.05), while other nodes remained relatively stable. Cross lagged network analysis showed that the predictive effects of T1 on the variables at T2 were not statistically significant (maximum | r |=0.05, FDR corrected P >0.50), but the binomial test indicated a systematic positive correlation trend between the variables (66.7% positive correlation, P =0.04). Sensitivity analysis showed that the bridge effect of the "anticipated rejection likelihood" and "learning adjustment" nodes at T2 was more significant in the left behind group compared to the non left behind group. Conclusion The social adjustment issues of college students with left behind experiences require focused attention on the negative regulatory effect of "rejection cognition" and the positive regulatory effect of "learning adaptation".

PEGylation is considered one of the most successful techniques to improve the characteristics of protein drugs including to increase the circulating half-life of proteins in blood and to decrease their immunogenicity and antigenicity. One known PEG modification method is to attach PEG to the free amino group, typically at lysine residues or at the N-terminal amino acid with no selectivity, resulting in a heterogeneous product mixture. This lack of selectivity can present problems when a therapeutic PEGylated protein is being developed, because predictability of activity and manufacturing reproducibility are needed for regulatory approval. Enzymatic PEGylation of proteins is one route to overcome this limitation. Transglutaminases (TGase) are enzyme candidates for site-specific PEGylation. We use human interferon alpha 2a (IFN α2a) as a test case, and predict that the potential modification residues are Gln101 by computational approach as it contains 12 potential PEGylation sites. IFN α2a was PEGylated by Y shaped PEG40k-NH2 mediated by microbial transglutaminase. Our results show that the microbial transglutaminase mediated PEGylation of IFN α2a was site-specific only at the site of Gln101 in IFN α2a, yielding the single mono-conjugate PEG-Gln101-IFN α2a with a mass of 59 374.66 Da. Circular dichroism studies showed that PEG-Gln101-IFN α2a preserved the same secondary structures as native IFN α2a. As expected, the bioactivity and pharmacokinetic profile in rats of PEG-Gln101-IFN α2a revealed a significant improvement to unmodified IFN α2a, and better than PEGASYS.
Animals ; Antiviral Agents ; Humans ; Interferon alpha-2 ; metabolism ; Interferon-alpha ; biosynthesis ; pharmacokinetics ; Polyethylene Glycols ; pharmacokinetics ; Protein Structure, Secondary ; Rats ; Recombinant Proteins ; biosynthesis ; pharmacokinetics ; pharmacology ; Reproducibility of Results ; Transglutaminases ; metabolism

In this paper, a standard ECG database (European ST-T Database) is used to analyzed the frequency spectrum of electrocardiogram waveform based on the Welch＇s method of averaging modified periodograms, belonging to the nonparametric model power sepctrum estimation. The final computing results give a general description of the spectral range and the maximal energy segment of ECG waveform, which is helpful to design the hardware circuits of ECG signal extraction and the software algorithm of the waveform recognition such as P wave, QRS wave and T wave.

This paper introduces an impedance pneumograph monitor based on the single chip computer 80C552. It shares the same pair electrodes with ECG, and not only be applied to a multi-parameter physiological monitor as a subfunction model, but also can be operated as an independent instrument. This impedance pneumograph monitor can retrain the external interference such as ECG and myoelectricity with high efficiency, and has the advantages of smooth tespiratory waveform, good stability and high clinical application value.