Objective:To investigate the protective effect of adeno-associated virus (AAV) vector-mediated heme oxygenase-1 ( HO-1) gene overexpression on retinitis pigmentosa (RP) models in rats. Methods:Eighty healthy male SD rats were selected and randomized into the blank control group, RP model group, AAV-GFP group and AAV-HO-1-GFP group, with 20 rats in each group.The RP model was established via tail vein injection of 1% sodium iodate solution at the dose of 50 mg/kg.Rats in the RP model group, AAV-GFP group and AAV-HO-1-GFP group were subretinally injected with normal saline, AAV-GFP virus and AAV-HO-1-GFP virus according to grouping.Rats in the blank control group were administrated with subretinal injection of equal volume of normal saline.The eyeballs of rats were enucleated on 14th day after molding.The retinal structure and thickness were detected by hematoxylin-eosin staining; apoptosis in retinal tissue was detected by TUNEL assay; the expression levels of cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinase 3 (caspase 3), B-lymphoma-2 (bcl-2) and HO-1 protein in rats retina was identified by Western blot.The use and care of the animals complied with the Statement of the Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology (ARVO). The study protocol was approved by an Ethics Committee of The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University (No.202188).Results:Hematoxylin-eosin staining results showed normal retinal structure in the blank control group, obvious retinal structure damage with thinned and wavy outer nuclear layer in the RP model group and AAV-GFP group, and mild retinal structure damage with slightly thinned outer nuclear layer in the AAV-HO-1-GFP group.Compared with the blank control group, the outer nuclear layer was significantly thinner in the RP model group and AAV-GFP group (both at P<0.05). Relative expression level of HO-1 protein in the RP model group, AAV-GFP group, and AAV-HO-1-GFP group was 0.76±0.21, 0.76±0.16, 0.92±0.05, respectively, which were all significantly higher than 0.48±0.25 in the blank control group (all at P<0.05). The relative expression level of HO-1 protein in the AAV-HO-1-GFP group was significantly higher than that in the RP model group and the AAV-GFP group (both at P<0.05). There were significant differences in apoptosis rate, the relative expression levels of bcl-2 and caspase 3 protein among the four groups ( F=1 596.333, 1 043.806, 364.331; all at P<0.01). The apoptosis rate and the relative expression level of caspase 3 were significantly higher, and the relative expression level of bcl-2 was lower in the RP model group and AAV-GFP group than those in the AAV-HO-1-GFP group (all at P<0.05). Conclusions:AAV-mediated overexpression of HO-1 gene can protect the retina of RP rats.

Methyltransferase like 13 (METTL13), a kind of methyltransferase, is implicated in protein binding and synthesis. The upregulation of METTL13 has been reported in a variety of tumors. However, little was known about its potential function in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) so far. In this study, we found that METTL13 was significantly upregulated in HNSCC at both mRNA and protein level. Increased METTL13 was negatively associated with clinical prognosis. And METTL13 markedly affected HNSCC cellular phenotypes in vivo and vitro. Further mechanism study revealed that METTL13 could regulate EMT signaling pathway by mediating enhancing translation efficiency of Snail, the key transcription factor in EMT, hence regulating the progression of EMT. Furthermore, Snail was verified to mediate METTL13-induced HNSCC cell malignant phenotypes. Altogether, our study had revealed the oncogenic role of METTL13 in HNSCC, and provided a potential therapeutic strategy.
Head and Neck Neoplasms ; Humans ; Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck/genetics*

OBJECTIVE：To comprehensi vely evaluate the application progress of network pharmacology methods in TCM compound prescription research ，and to provide reference for modernization of TCM compound prescription research. METHODS ： Taking“network pharmacology ”and“TCM compound prescription ”as keywords ，the literatures were retrieved from CNKI ， Wanfang database and VIP during May 2006 to May 2020. Screening literature ，the databases ，analysis platforms ，and software used of the literature were summarized ；on the basis of quantitative analysis ，the application of network pharmacology in the research of traditional Chinese medicine compound were summarized. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS ：There were a total of 761 valid literatures ，among which the number of literatures that could be retrieved in 2019 reached 313. In the modernization research of TCM compound prescription ，network pharmacology methods were mainly usedmechanism ，material basis of pharmacodynamics ， compatibility law ，compound optimization ，and“effect-toxic”network. Commonly used databasesand platforms included traditional chinese medicine information database （TCMSP and TCMID ），therapeutic target database （TTD，OMIM），drug targets and target prediction platform （Drugbank，SwissTargetPrediction，TargetNet，PharmMapper），network pharmacology analysis and prediction software and platform （CytoScape），etc. Network pharmacology method was widely used in the field of TCM compound prescription research ，and provided new ideas and methods for the modernization of TCM compound prescription research. In the future，the related research can be combined with the pharmacokinetic parameters ，the efficacy of active compounds and related basic experiments ，use the weighted method to carry out network pharmacology analysis ，and integrate the information of multiple databases to improve the scientificity of research results.

TORCH, which is considered as a series of pathogens, including the Toxoplasma gondii, Rubella virus, Cytomegalovirus or Herpes simplex virus, often infects the pregnant women to induce the the fetus or newborn infection by transplacental infection or exposure to contaminated genital tract secretions at delivery. Increasing evidence have been confirmed that the infection of TORCH may cause the miscarriage, premature birth, malformed fetus, stillbirth, intrauterine growth retardation, neonatal multiple organ dysfunction and other adverse pregnancy outcomes. For most TORCH-infections cases may lacking the effective treatments during pregnancy, and it is important to achieve the effacing monitoring of TORCH infections before and during pregnancy. The laboratory testing of TORCH has the great significance. However, the consensus opinions still need to improve the the standardization of TORCH testing process and the correct interpretation. Based on the characteristics of the TORCH detection method, this article gives a consensus opinion on the standardized detection and clinical application of TORCH from the laboratory perspective according to the characteristics and types of infection of different pathogens.

Objective To explore efficacy and safety of simulated artificial pancreas in modulating stress hyperglycemia in critically ill patients. Methods A prospective randomized controlled study was performed. Seventy-two critically ill patients with stress hyperglycemia, aged 18-85 years, acute physiology and chronic health evaluationⅡ(APACHEⅡ) score over 15, two consecutive random blood glucose 11.1 mmol/L or higher, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1C) below 0.065, unable to eat food for 3 days after inclusion, or only accepting parenteral nutrition, admitted to intensive care unit (ICU) in Shanghai Punan Hospital of Pudong New District from January 1st, 2015 to June 30th, 2017 were enrolled. The patients were divided into three groups according to the random number table method, high-intensity group and low-intensity group were injected Novolin R (high-intensity group 2/3 dosage, low-intensity group 1/3 dosage) to modulate stress hyperglycemia by simulated artificial pancreas. Simulated artificial pancreas consisted of Guardian real time glucose monitoring system (GRT system), close-circle control algorithm and micro-pump;subcutaneous injection of Humulin 70/30 was applied to modulate stress hyperglycemia in humulin group. Real-time glucose levels of interstitial fluid in abdominal wall, equivalent to blood glucose levels, 10 minutes each time, were monitored by using of GRT system for all patients in three groups. Fasting serum levels of stress hormones including epinephrine and cortisol and insulin resistance index (IRI) were recorded within 24 hours after inclusion. Mean blood glucose, blood glucose variation coefficient, blood glucose target-reaching rate, blood glucose target-reaching time, hypoglycemia rate and 6-month mortality were measured. Twenty healthy adults from health administration department of the hospital were recruited as healthy control group. Results A total of 60 eligible critically ill patients were included in this study, each group with 20 patients. There was no significant difference in gender, age, APACHE Ⅱ scores among three groups. The levels of serum epinephrine, cortisol and IRI within 24 hours after inclusion in the three groups were significantly higher than those in healthy control group. The mean blood glucose levels of humulin group, low-intensity group, high-intensity group were decreased (mmol/L: 10.2±3.2, 8.4±2.6, 8.1±2.2), the blood glucose target-reaching rate were increased [40.2% (3 295/8 196), 71.1% (5 393/7 585), 80.4% (6 286/7 818)], the blood glucose target-reaching time were shortened (hours: 49.1±5.8, 24.6±4.6, 17.5±4.2), the hypoglycemia rates were increased respectively [1.3% (108/8 196), 2.8% (211/7 585), 4.0% (313/7 818)], with statistically significant differences (all 1 = 0.000). There was no significant difference in blood glucose variation coefficient and 6-month mortality among three groups [blood glucose variation coefficient: (29.4±3.7)%, (28.5±5.3)%, (26.1±4.6)%, 6-month mortality: 55.0%, 45.0%, 40.0%, all 1 > 0.05]. Conclusions Simulated artificial pancreas could effectively and safely modulate stress hyperglycemia in critically ill patients, high-intensity modulation could bring about better efficacy in the regulation of hyperglycemia. High-frequency blood glucose monitoring by using GRT system could promptly identify hypoglycemia and help it to be corrected.

Background and objective It is very diffcult to deal with the comprehensive central airway diseases, especially the malignant airway obstruction. The aim of this study is to explore the clinical effects of multiple interventional bronchoscopies for the treatment of 112 cases with comprehensive malignant central airway diseases so as to evaluate the clini-cal applications of thermoablation and cryosurgery.Methods The 112 cases with malignant airway diseases retrospectively reviewed for bronchoscopic interventions performed in more than two lesions of carina and/or bifurcation. hTe age was from 22 to 90 years, which including 55 cases with squamous carcinoma (SQ), 16 adenocarcinoma (AD), 15 adenocystic carcinoma (ACC), 10 metastasis tumor (MT), 8 small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC) and 8 mixed carcinoma (MC). All bronchoscopic interventions such as argon plasma coagulation (APC), cryosurgery, electronic snare and stenting were performed under rigid bronchoscopy combined with electric bronchoscopy in general anesthesia.Results hTe 460 bronchoscopic procedures were successfully performed in 112 cases. Cryosurgery and APC were the most used in every group. Stent was more common in patients with MT, balloon dilation was more common in patients with ACC and AD. Electric snare and radioactive seeds im-plantation were frequently used in cases with SCLC. Trachea stricture is more severe in MT than that in others, while bronchus stricture is more severe than that of trachea in SQ and ACC group. Karnofsky performance score (KPS) is lower and shortness of breath score (SBS) is higher in MC, MT and SCLC group. Trachea and bronchus stricture is improved atfer comprehensive treatment in 5 groups except of mixed group. KPS increased and SS decreased signiifcantly in 5 groups except of adenocarci-noma. In follow-up, the overall survival time (OS) is 15 months and median survival time is 10 months, especially OS is 28.4 months in ACC and 21.7 months in AD, 8.9 months in SCLC and 7.4 months in mixed group.Conclusion APC combination with Cryosurgery and other bronchoscopic interventions are indicated for the treatment of complex or diffcult airway diseases whether they are located in trachea or bronchus. It is a safe and rapid during procedure.

Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy of the intratympanic inflation by tympanum inflatable balloon for patients with Meniere’s disease(MD) .Methods A total of 36 confirmed cases (according to the listening stage) of Ⅱ - Ⅲ period of MD patients were randomly divided into two groups :experimental group and control group ,18 cases of matched group ,who were staged before preoperation by hearing ,Ⅱ period (average threshold 25~40 dB HL) 6 cases ,Ⅲ period (41~70 dB HL) 12 cases ,were treated by intratympanic methylprednisolone per‐fusion after putting tympanostomy tube under endotoscope ,then once every 3 days perfusion with a total of three times .There were 18 cases of experimental group staged before preoperation by hearing ,Ⅱ period (average thresh‐old 25~40 dB HL) in 5 cases ,Ⅲ period (41~70 dB HL) 13 cases treated by using tympanum inflatable balloon in the tympanum under endotoscope .Two groups were given conventional improved microcirculation and nutritional therapy .Results In 18 cases of patients in experimental group ,for the 18 to 24 months follow -up after treatment ,6 cases of vertigo were fully controlled (grade A) ,10 cases of vertigo basically controlled (grade B) ,2 cases of vertigo partly controlled (grade C) .Vertigo effective control rate was 88 .89% (16/18) .After 18 to 24 months treatment ,two groups of 36 patients with tinnitus and pure tone average threshold had no obvious change .In 18 ca‐ses of patients in the matched group ,during the 18 to 24 months follow -up after treatment ,3 cases of vertigo were fully controlled (grade A) ,7 cases of vertigo basically controlled (grade B) ,8 cases of vertigo partly controlled (grade C) .Vertigo effective control rate was 55 .56% (10/18) .The experimental vertigo basic control rates were higher than the control group (χ2 = 4 .985 ,P<0 .05) .The activitives in the two groups had improved significantly . No obvious differences were found between two groups .Conclusion With the intratympanic gasing by tympanum in‐flatable balloon for patients of Ⅱ - Ⅲ Menier’s disease ,control rates was high and motile ability were improved , but tinnitus and hearing improvement was not obvious .

Objective To investigate the laboratory diagnosis of filamentous fungi which are rarely seen in clinical practice.Methods Five strains of fungi were isolated from clinical samples and initially identified by the morphological method.Total DNA of fungi was extracted and amplified by the PCR method using universal primers of ITS2-ITS4 gene, respectively.The PCR products were sequenced and the obtained sequences were then analyzed by the blastn program incorporated in NCBI.Results The five strains of fungi were diagnosed as Scedosporium apiospermum,Schizophyllum commune,Scopulariopsis brevicaulis,Rhizopus stolonifer,and Fusarium solani.Conclusion The laboratory diagnosis of filamentous fungi which rarely occur in clinical practice should integrate various methods,including morphological, microbiological,and molecular biological methods.

Purpose To quantitatively evaluate longitudinal strain and strain rate (SR) of left ventricular (LV) in normal infants and young children using velocity vector imaging (VVI). Materials and Methods A total of 50 normal infants and young children were enrolled in the study. The longitudinal strain peaks and SR peaks in three sections of LV walls during systole period and relaxation period were measured by VVI from apical four-chamber view, apical two-chamber view and long axis view, respectively. Results Forty-one cases (82%) presented a smooth strain curve without incisures and a double peak in SR curve (systolic peak and single diastole peak). The strain in anterior septum and posterior septum, the systolic SRs and diastolic SRs decreased from basal to apical segments. However, only the strain in basal segment and that in apical segment in anterior septum showed statistic difference (t=1.79, P<0.05);the systolic SRs of the same level in different walls and those in the same wall at different levels had no statistic difference (P>0.05). Conclusion Most normal infants and young children present a smooth diastolic strain curve and a double peak SR curve of LV, which can provide clinical guidance in the early diagnosis of myocardial abnormality for infants and young children.

The epidemic of rabies has rapidly increased and expanded in Yunnan province in recent years.In order to further analyze and understand the etiological reasons for the rapid expansion of rabies in Yunnan,a strain of rabies virus CYN1009D in Yunnan was isolated,and the complete genomic sequencing was carried out,and the bioimfomative analysis on genes/encoded proteins and phylogeny with reference to sequences in GenBank was performed.The complete genome of CYN1009D was 11923 nt in length and belonged to genotype I.The genes encoding different structural proteins were all conserved in their lengths,in comparison to other strains in China.The amino acid sequence was conserved at different antigen sites of NP,but the variation was detected at the secondary phosphorylation site of position 375; variations were also detected in the phosphorylation sites at positions 63-63 and 162 of PP; the sites playing important roles in virus synthesis,budding and viral morphology in MP were conserved; two glycosylation sites were detected at Asn37 and Asn319in GP,the neutralizing antigen sites in GP were conserved; the initial amino acid of LP (ML) was different from that of most of the strains in China (MM); the variations in G-L region in the intergenic region were significant.The phylogenic tree showed that CYN1009D has a closer genetic relationship to the strains in Southeast Asia,indicating that prevention and control on rabies in borderland areas should be reinforced meanwhile efforts are made to control rabies in China.