Objective To explore the value of oral contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (OCEUS) combined with contrast-enhanced CT in predicting preoperative T staging in patients with gastric cancer. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on 80 patients with gastric cancer confirmed via endoscopic biopsy or postoperative pathology at the First People’s Hospital of Jining from January 2021 to November 2024. The cohort included 56 males and 24 females, aged 38-79 years, with a median age of 55.9 years. All patients underwent both OCEUS and contrast-enhanced CT within one week prior to surgery. T staging of gastric cancer was determined using OCEUS, contrast-enhanced CT, or their combination. The results were compared with pathological T staging, and statistical differences in accuracy were analyzed. Results Pathological T staging identified T1 in 9 cases, T2 in 16 cases, T3 in 42 cases, and T4 in 13 cases. OCEUS indicated T1 in 6 cases, T2 in 14 cases, T3 in 50 cases, and T4 in 10 cases, with an accuracy rate of 80.0%. Contrast-enhanced CT indicated T1 in 4 cases, T2 in 12 cases, T3 in 52 cases, and T4 in 12 cases, with an accuracy rate of 75.0%. The combination of OCEUS and contrast-enhanced CT indicated T1 in 6 cases, T2 in 15 cases, T3 in 47 cases, and T4 in 12 cases, with an accuracy rate of 87.5%. The combined approach demonstrated significantly higher accuracy in preoperative T staging compared to either method alone (P < 0.05). Conclusion The combination of OCEUS and contrast-enhanced CT improves the accuracy of preoperative T staging in gastric cancer patients, providing valuable support for their diagnosis and treatment.

Objective To evaluate cardiac involvement in patients with anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis (AAV) using echocardiography combined with electrocardiography. Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on the detailed medical records of AAV patients treated in Jining First People’s Hospital between January 2020 and December 2024. Eighty patients were enrolled in the AAV group, and the risk of heart disease was compared between the AAV group and a control group with 80 subjects matched for age, sex, and cardiovascular disease risk factors. Results Electrocardiographic abnormalities were observed in 78.75% of patients in the AAV group, while significant electrocardiographic abnormalities only occurred in symptomatic patients in the control group. There were no differences in left atrial enlargement or interventricular septal thickening between the AAV group and the control group. The overall left ventricular systolic function in the AAV group was lower than that in the control group (8.75% vs. 0). The incidence of reduced diastolic function in the AAV group was significantly higher than that in the control group (37.5% vs. 15%). The incidence rates of tricuspid regurgitation, mitral regurgitation, aortic regurgitation, and pericardial effusion in the AAV group were significantly higher than those in the control group. Pericardial thickening, aortic stenosis, pulmonary hypertension, and rare periaortic granulomas were found in the AAV group, but not in the control group. Conclusion Echocardiography and electrocardiography are important examination methods for evaluating cardiac involvement in AAV. These methods have key roles in disease screening, diagnosis and treatment, follow-up, and prognosis judgment.

Cemental tear is a rare and indetectable condition unless obvious clinical signs present with the involvement of surrounding periodontal and periapical tissues. Due to its clinical manifestations similar to common dental issues, such as vertical root fracture, primary endodontic diseases, and periodontal diseases, as well as the low awareness of cemental tear for clinicians, misdiagnosis often occurs. The critical principle for cemental tear treatment is to remove torn fragments, and overlooking fragments leads to futile therapy, which could deteriorate the conditions of the affected teeth. Therefore, accurate diagnosis and subsequent appropriate interventions are vital for managing cemental tear. Novel diagnostic tools, including cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT), microscopes, and enamel matrix derivatives, have improved early detection and management, enhancing tooth retention. The implementation of standardized diagnostic criteria and treatment protocols, combined with improved clinical awareness among dental professionals, serves to mitigate risks of diagnostic errors and suboptimal therapeutic interventions. This expert consensus reviewed the epidemiology, pathogenesis, potential predisposing factors, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, differential diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of cemental tear, aiming to provide a clinical guideline and facilitate clinicians to have a better understanding of cemental tear.
Humans ; Dental Cementum/injuries* ; Consensus ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Cone-Beam Computed Tomography ; Tooth Fractures/therapy*

Objective:This study is to investigate the relationship of parental anger expression and symptoms in children with oppositional defiant disorder(ODD).Methods:Forty-six children with ODD and 46 age-gender-matched normal children participated.The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders,Fifth Edition(DSM-5),guided the diagnoses.Parental anger expression and children's anger management were assessed using the State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory-2 and Children Emotion Management Scales.Results:ODD symptoms were directly predicted by maternal anger index(AI)(β=0.13,P＜0.05)and anger expression-out(AX-O)(β=0.25,P＜0.05).Children's anger cope(AC)played a mediating function to maternal AI through ODD symptoms,occupying 13％of the total effect;their AC and anger dysregulation(AD)played a mediating function to maternal AX-Othrough ODD symptoms,accounting for 29％and 18％of the total effect,respectively.Conclusion:It sug-gests that anger cope and anger dysregulation in children with oppositional defiant disordermay may play a media-ting role between maternal anger expression and oppositional defiant disorder symptoms.

Objective To provide data base for the development of X-ray computed tomography (CT) diagnostic reference levels suitable for the physical characteristics of residents in Qingdao City, China. Methods A total of 3351 cases of adult CT scan data derived from 14 devices were randomly selected from three tertiary hospitals and one primary hospital from January 1 to December 31, 2022. CT examination was performed on the brain, paranasal sinus, neck, chest, abdomen, cervical vertebrae, and lumbar vertebrae. The cases also included CT angiography (CTA) data on the brain, neck artery, pulmonary artery, and aorta. The data types included tube voltage (kV), effective tube current (mAs), computed tomography dose index volume (CTDI_vol), and dose length product (DLP). The 1st, 2nd, 3rd quartile values of CTDI_vol and DLP were calculated. Results Large differences were observed in DLP among different body parts of adults. The DLP value showed a descending order of craniocerebral CTA, craniocerebral CT, abdomen CT, lumbar vertebral spiral CT, aorta CTA, pulmonary artery CTA, paranasal sinus CT, chest CT, cervical vertebral spiral CT, and neck CT. The 3rd quartile DLP values of the brain and neck were 657.9 and 228.1 mGy·cm, respectively. The CTDI_vol of the brain was largest (3rd quartile, 52.0 mGy) and the CTDI_vol of the chest was smallest (3rd quartile, 8.2 mGy). Conclusion There are significant differences in CTDI_vol and DLP between different body parts of adults in Qingdao City, and CT radiation dose levels are relatively low compared to other regions in China and other countries.

To improve the understanding of clinicians on the diagnostic criteria and treatment principlis of pulmonary alveolar proteinosis(PAP),which is a rare respiratory disease.European Respiratory Society published the first edition guidelines for PAP,including a systematic review of the literature and the application of the grading of recommendations,assessment,development and evaluation(GRADE)approach to assess the certainty of evidence and the strength of recommendations.Five questions of patient,intervention,comparison,outcome(PICO)and two narrative questions were developed.Recommendations and evidence-based evidence were given,including management of PAP,whole lung lavage,granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor(GM-CSF)therapy,rituximab,plasma exchange,and lung transplantation.In addition,recommendations were given for the use of GM-CSF antibody testing,bronchoalveolar lavage,and lung biopsy.This study is to interpret the main content of the guideline.

ObjectiveTo investigate the mental health status of the front-line anti-epidemic medical staff during the COVID-19 outbreak， so as to provide references for the targeted psychological intervention and improvement of mental health status. MethodsA total of 162 front-line medical staff who worked in Lanzhou Heavy Particles Hospital of Gansu Province from October to December 2021 were were enrolled， and assessed using self-designed general information questionnaire， Self-rating Anxiety Scale （SAS） and Self-rating Depression Scale （SDS）. ResultsA total of 144 medical staff completed the valid questionnaire survey， and 17 （11.81%） and 19 （13.19%） cases were found to have anxiety and depression， respectively. The detection rate of anxiety yielded statistical difference among medical staff with different anti-epidemic working hours （χ²=10.602， P<0.01）， and the detection rate of depression demonstrated statistical differences among medical staff with different occupations， family history of depression and anti-epidemic working hours （χ²=5.486， 4.039， 7.526， P<0.05）. ConclusionDuring the COVID-19 outbreak， front-line medical staff develop varying degrees of anxiety and depression. Furthermore， the detection rate of anxiety is relatively high among the staff with long anti-epidemic working hours， and the detection rate of depression is relatively high among the doctors， the staff with family history of depression and long anti-epidemic working hours.

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy of bedside gastric ultrasound in guiding enteral nutrition therapy in the patients with spontaneous cerebral hemorrhage.Methods:Sixty-one patients with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage in the intensive care unit (ICU) of our hospital, aged 18-60 yr, with the European malnutrition risk screening score in 2002 was ≥ 3, who could not eat orally, were selected.All patients received decompression or aneurysm clipping under general anesthesia.Patients were divided into 2 groups using a random number table method: control group ( n=30) and ultrasound group ( n=31). Nutrient infusion pump was used to infuse standard whole protein formula enteral nutrition continuously through a nasogastric tube.In control group, gastric residual volume, residual traits and bowel sounds were evaluated according to gastric drainage to start or adjust enteral nutrition treatment.In ultrasound group, the antral motility index and gastric residual volume were monitored by the modified antral single section method under ultrasound to start or adjust enteral nutrition treatment.The starting time of enteral nutrition, time to reach the target feeding amount, rate of reaching the target feeding standard within 96 h, interruption of enteral nutrition, duration of hospitalization in ICU, and occurrence of intraperitoneal hypertension, aspiration, diarrhea, gastrointestinal bleeding and new pulmonary infection during enteral nutrition therapy were recorded. Results:Compared with control group, the initiation time of enteral nutrition and time to reach the target feeding amount were significantly shortened, the interruption rate of enteral nutrition was decreased, the rate of reaching the target feeding standard within 96 h was increased, the incidence of aspiration and new pulmonary infection was decreased ( P<0.05), and no significant change was found in the duration of hospitalization in ICU and incidence of intraperitoneal hypertension, diarrhea and upper gastrointestinal bleeding in ultrasound group ( P>0.05). Conclusions:Bedside gastric ultrasound-guided enteral nutrition therapy can improve the therapeutic effect with higher safety in the patients with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage.

Objective: To investigate the effect of the gene interfering technology on fatty acid synthase (FAS) gene silencing for lipid contents in human hepatic cell line HepG2 and to study the lipid metabolism related gene expression in HepG2 cells. Methods: A total of 3 pairs of small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting different sequences of FAS mRNA were synthesized as FAS-siRNA-1, FAS-siRNA-2 and FAS-siRNA-3, meanwhile, 2 controls were established as Blank control group, in which HepG2 cells were not treated, and Negative control group, in which HepG2 cells were transfected by non-effective siRNA. The mRNA, and protein expression levels of FAS in HepG2 cells were examined by real-time lfuorescence quantitative RCR and Western blot analysis to screen the most effective pair of siRNA for FAS gene silencing; and that speciifc siRNA was transtected to HepG2 cells for 48 hours to detect the intra-/extra-cellular TG, TC levels and the mRNA expression related to lipid metabolism in HepG2 cells. Results: The screening experiment indicated that FAS-siRNA-3 was most effective for FAS gene silencing. Compared with Blank control group, the mRNA and protein expressions in FAS-siRNA-3 transfected HepG2 cells (Transfected group)decreased to (52.33 ± 3.07) % and (51.57 ± 3.14) % respectively. Compared with Blank control group, Transfected group had the reduced intra-/extra-cellular TG levels and reduced extracellular TC level; while increased mRNA expression of hepatic lipase,P<0.0001 and decreased mRNA expression of TG transfer protein in HepG2 microsome,P<0.05. Conclusion: FAS gene silencing could signiifcantly decrease the intra-/extra- cellular TG level and extracellular TC level in HepG2 cells, those ifndings need to be conifrmed by furtherin vivo andin vitro studies.

ObjectiveTo analyze the risk factors of pulmonary infection for critically ill ICU patients with tracheotomy,and investigate the methods to prevent nosocomial lung infection. Methods94 patients in ICU with pulmonary infection after tracheotomy from March 2008 to March 2010 were analyzed retrospectively,they were set as the observation group.100 patients in synchronization without pulmonary infection after tracheotomy were set as the control group.The general condition,diagnosis and treatment methods and care,the environment,etc.were studied,the risk factors for nosocomial pulmonary infections after tracheotomy were analyzed.The care methods and points to prevent lung infections for critically ill ICU patients after tracheotomy were summarized. ResultsThe study showed that the respiratory system diseases in critically ill patients,smoking history,low seniority of nursing staff,long-term use of large dose of antibiotics,application of H2 blockers and antacids,and many patients in the same ward were risk factors for critically ill patients with pulmonary infection. ConclusionsLung infection after tracheotomy in critically ill ICU patients was affected by many factors.In the actual operation,we should targeted to avoid infection led by treatment and care factors,environmental factors,control and prevention measures should especially be strengthened for patients with respiratory diseases to prevent lung infection.