Objective:To compare the outcomes of multiple scales, primarily the speech, spatial, and other qualities of hearing scale for parents（SSQ-P）, in children with ipsilateral vs. Contralateral cochleareimplantat ion（CRI）. Methods: A total of 69 children who received cochlear implantation surgery from April 1999 to June 2024 were included. Patients were divided into two groups based on whether the implantation was on the same side. General information such as gender, age, age at initial implantation and reimplantation was collected. The primary caregivers of the children were followed up by telephone using the categories of auditory performance（CAP）, speech intelligibility rating（SIR）, and SSQ-P questionnaires. Statistical methods including stepwise regression, linear regression, and permutation tests were employed to investigate if there were any statistically significant differences in the scores of CAP, SIR, SSQ-P total, SSQ-P speech perception, SSQ-P spatial hearing, and SSQ-P auditory quality dimensions between the ipsilateral and contralateral reimplantation groups. Results:Of the 69 children included, 62 were in the ipsilateral reimplantation group with a mean age of 11.1 years, and 7 were in the contralateral reimplantation group with a mean age of 11.7 years. Statistical analysis showed that patients in the contralateral reimplantation group had significantly lower SSQ-P total scores （P<0.05） and spatial hearing dimension scores （P<0.05） than those in the ipsilateral reimplantation group after controlling for the corresponding confounders. Conclusion:The effect of ipsilateral reimplantation of cochlear implants is superior to that of contralateral reimplantation in terms of overall auditory function and spatial hearing in daily life for children, but the mechanisms require further investigation.
Humans ; Cochlear Implantation ; Child ; Parents ; Speech Perception ; Male ; Cochlear Implants ; Female ; Hearing ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Speech ; Child, Preschool

Objective To observe ultrasonographic features and significance of scoring of the lung in preterm infants.Methods Totally 37 preterm infants (preterm group) and 33 term infants (term group) without cardiopulmonary disease nor hypoproteinemia were enrolled,and infants in each group were divided into＜1 week,1-4 weeks and ＞4 weeks subgroup,respectively.All the infants underwent lung ultrasonography and scoring.The ultrasonography scores were compared between preterm infants and term infants among different ages.Results The main ultrasonic manifestations of the lung in preterm infants were diffuse distribution of dense B-lines,with or without " falls sign" suggesting alveolar effusion.The ultrasonographic score of the lung in preterm infants and term infants was (15.24± 2.76) and (12.21 ±3.62),respectively (t=3.962,P＜0.001).There was no statistical difference of ultrasonographyic scores in ＜1 week subgroups between preterm infants and term infants (t =-0.669,P =0.513).There were statistical differences of ultrasonographic scores in 1-4 weeks subgroups and ＞4 weeks subgroups between preterm group and term group (both P＜0.05).In preterm group,the ultrasonographic scores demonstrated no statistical difference among 3 subgroups (F=0.960,P=0.393),whereas statistical difference was found among 3 subgroups in term group (F =4.277,P =0.023).The ultrasonographic score of preterm infants showed negative correlation with gestational age (r=-0.352,P=0.033),and the linear regressive equation was Y=33.805-0.548X.Conclusion The main ultrasonic manifestations of the lung in preterm infants were diffuse distribution of dense B-lines,some with "falls sign" suggesting alveolar effusion,which are more significant in smaller gestational age infants.

OBJECTIVE To analyze disease-related clinical features and therapeutic effects of basal cell adenoma in head and neck. METHODS Clinical data of 9 patients with pathologically diagnosed basal cell adenoma in head and neck between Mar 2007 and Jan 2016 in our department were analyzed retrospectively. The ratio of male 3 to female 6 was 1:2. The median age of the patients was 48.9 years old(22 to 65 years). 5 cases affected parotid gland, 1 occurred in left maxillary sinus and infratemporal fossa, 1 involved nasopharyngeal and pterygopalatine fossa, 1 originated from nasal vestibule and 1 derived from nasal septum. RESULTS 8 of the patients underwent surgical treatment, while one patient with tumor involving the left maxillary sinus and infratemporal fossa was given a transnasal surgery for concurrent rhinosinusitis and subsequently confirmed by pathology. The postoperative follow-up period was between 1 and 10 years. One patient with tumor affecting infratemporal fossa recurred 1.5 years after surgery, while the rest shown no signs of recurrence and complication. CONCLUSION Basal cell adenoma in head and neck is a rare kind of disease. Clinical features and imaging helped to differenced basal cell adenoma in head and neck from other diagnoses, but definite diagnosis relies on the pathological tests.Surgery may provide good effects and prognosis on patients with basal cell adenoma.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the feasibility of the round window stimulation electrical evoked auditory brainstem response (EABR) test, and optimize the parameters of recording and stimulation electrodes positions. METHOD: Ten healthy Hartley guinea pigs (20 ears) were used for the EABR test. The positive stimulation electrodes were placed into the round window niche, the animals were divided into three group according to the negative electrodes position, group A: the electric field was parallel with the projection of cochlear modiolus on the tympanic membrane, group B: the electric field was perpendicular to modiolus projection toward to the mastoid, group C: the electric field was perpendicular to modiolus projection toward to the zygomatic process. A series of optimized recording and stimulation parameters were uesed to reduce the electrical artifact. RESULT: All the 20 ears were normal in the ABR testing, and EABR waves were stable and well-differentiated in the EABR tests out of cochlea. But EABR waves of group A were more stable and differentiated than those of group B and C. In group A, the threshold of EABR was (0.54 ± 0.11) mA, and latency of wave III was (1.71 ± 0.05) ms when the stimulus intensity was 0.8 mA. In group B, the threshold of EABR was (0.62 ± 0.12) mA, and latency of wave III was (1.77 ± 0.03) ms. In group C, the threshold of EABR was (0.70 ± 0.14) mA, and latency of wave III was (1.86 ± 0.04)ms. The threshold of EABR and latency of wave III were significantly different among the three groups by statistic analysis. CONCLUSION EABR waves were stable and well-differentiated in the EABR tests out of cochlea. The EABR waves were recorded more stably and differentiated when the stimulating electrode and recording electrode were paralleled with the projection of modiolus on the tympanic membrane.
Animals ; Cochlea ; physiology ; Electric Stimulation ; Electrodes ; Evoked Potentials, Auditory, Brain Stem ; Guinea Pigs ; Round Window, Ear ; Tympanic Membrane

Objective To investigate the prevalence and psychopathological characteristics of anxiety and depression in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) and to find the risk factors leading to psychological problems.Methods Between August 2013 and April 2014,117 consecutive patients with the diagnosis of CRS who had been scheduled for endoscopic sinus surgery were prospectively enrolled.Somatic and psychological symptoms were evaluated using a series of questionnaire instruments.The instruments included symptom checklist-90 (SCL-90),self-rating depression scale (SDS),self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) and the visual analogue scale(VAS) and the sinonasal outcome test 20 (SNOT-20) and Lund-Mackay computed tomography score.The results of SAS,SDS,SCL-90 were compared with the standard,obtained from healthy Chinese population.Multivariate Logistic regression was used to analyze the factors that might cause anxiety and depression.SPSS 19.0 software was used to analyze the data.Results The scores of SAS and SDS (39.40 ± 11.55,54.05 ± 10.96) were significantly higher than those of our country's normal standard (29.78 ± 10.46,41.88 ± 10.57,t equals 5.648,7.529,all P ＜0.01).The SCL-90 scores were significantly higher than those of the normal standard population,including dimension of somatization,anxiety,depression,psychosis and total average score of the factors (all P ＜ 0.01),the result of somatization,anxiety,depression had positive correlation with the scores of SAS and SDS (r equals 0.681,0.781,0.531,0.866,0.674,0.557,all P ＜0.05).Multivariate Logistic regression showed that gender and CRS complicated with asthma or allergic rhinitis(AR) and the symptom of nasal obstruction were related to the incidence of anxiety depression comorbid.In addition,the gender and concurrent asthma had positive correlation with incidence of any anxiety or depressive disorder.To compare the abnormal psychological state group and healthy group,the SNOT-20 scores had no statistical significance (all P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions High prevalence of anxiety and depression was found in CRS patients.Such factors as gender,nasal obstruction and concurrent with asthma or AR are high risk factors for anxiety and depression in patients with CRS.

Objective Tocompare the effects of different waveforms and parameters of electrical stimulation to elicit a blink,and construct a functional electrical stimulation (FES) system to restore synchronous blink in unilateral facial nerve palsy (FNP).Methods Firstly,twenty-four rabbits were surgically induced unilateral FNP and were divided into three groups,who received square,sine and triangle pulse wareforms,respectirely.Both the healthy and the paralysis eyelids of the rabbits received pulse train stimulation to produce a blink in both eyes.For each rabbit,twenty-seven combinations of frequencies (25 Hz,50 Hz and 100 Hz) and nine pulse widths (1-9 ms) were stimulated.The threshold amplitude and electric charge to elicit a blink was compared between different waveforms and different parameters.Secondly,a FES system was constructed to treat six surgically induced unilateral FNP rabbit chosen in the twenty-four rabbits,it consisted by an electromyogram (EMG) amplifier module which record the EMG of the healthy muscle,and a stimulator which received the EMG input and output a pulse train stimulation when triggered by the EMG.Results When the carrier frequency of the pulse train was 25 Hz,it was not able to induce a smooth blink.However,when the carrier frequencies were 50 Hz and 100 Hz,a smooth blink could be induced.The voltage required by 100 Hz was lower than 50 Hz,but it cost more electric charge.The amplitude that square waveforms required was far lower than sine and triangle,but the electric charge between the three waveforms was similar.Synchronous blink could be restored in the six unilateral FNP rabbits with the FES system.Conclusions To elicit a blink,square pulse train delivered in 50 Hz is a preferable option.The motion of the healthy eyelids as a source of information for stimulation of the paralyzed sides can restore the synchronous blink in unilateral FNP rabbits.

Objective To explore the feasibility of the extended inferior meatal maxillary antrostomy through inferior turbinate reversing approach.Methods Eight patients underwent extended inferior meatal maxillary antrostomy through inferior turbinate reversing approach for maxillary sinus lesions.The indications,surgical management and outcomes of the surgery were presented.Results There were 2 cases of maxillary dentigerous cyst with oroantral fistula,2 cases of antrochoanal polyp,2 cases of maxillary sinus inverted papillomas,1 case of odontogenic maxillary sinusitis with oroantral fistula,and 1 case of maxillary sinus mucocele.All patients underwent extended inferior meatal maxillary antrostomy through inferior turbinate reversing approach without intraoperative complication,with good access to the lesions.Complete resection could be achieved through this approach,no postoperative complications occurred except one patient had a delayed wound healing of inferior turbinate,all patients were free of recurrence with the average postoperative follow-up of 7.8 months (range 4-12 months).Conclusion The extended inferior meatal maxillary antrostomy through inferior turbinate reversing approach is recommended for some maxillary pathology owing to its good access to the lesions and complete resection.

Objective To develop electrically evoked auditory brainstem response(EABR) modules of REZ-Ⅰ domestic cochlear implant device,and testify the reliability and validity of the modules.Methods Postoperative EABR were recorded in guinea pigs by using the self-designed EABR module.Results EABR waves were recorded in all 15 ears of 9 guinea pigs with normal hearing.The threshold was (159.00 ±50.21) current level (CL) and e Ⅲ wave latency was (2.36 ± 0.46)ms of 100 μs pulse width stimulation; for 150 μs pulse width stimulation,the threshold was (131.44 ± 49.25)CL and e Ⅲ wave latency was (2.59 ± 0.46) ms ; for 200 μs pulse width stimulation,the threshold was (119.63 ± 52.56) CL and e Ⅲ wave latency was (2.62 ± 0.44) ms.Conclusion According the preliminary results of the study,the reliability and stability of the EABR modules of domestic cochlear implant device can meet the demands of EABR recording.