Objective To explore the effect of low density lipoprotein-cholesterol(LDL-C)on the diameters of retinal arteries and veins in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).Methods A total of 102 patients with T2DM who treated in Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University from January to September 2024 were selected and divided into Group A(LDL-C＜2.6mmol/L,35 cases),Group B(2.6mmol/L≤LDL-C＜3.4mmol/L,33 cases)and Group C(LDL-C≥3.4mmol/L,34 cases)according to the LDL-C level.The clinical data and color fundus photos of the patients were collected.The superior temporal retinal arteriolar equivalent(RAE)and superior temporal retinal venular equivalent(RVE)in the left eye of patients were measured,and the ratio of arteriovenous diameters(AVR)was calculated.The correlation between LDL-C levels and retinal vascular diameters was analyzed.Results There were statistically significant differences in levels of total cholesterol and triglycerides,as well as the proportions of patients with coronary heart disease and diabetic retinopathy(DR)among the three groups(P＜0.05).With the progression of DR,the level of LDL-C gradually increases(P＜0.05).There were statistically significant differences in RAE and AVR among patients with different DR stages(P＜0.05).There were statistically significant differences in RAE and AVR among three groups of patients(P＜0.05).Correlation analysis showed that RAE and AVR were negatively correlated with LDL-C(P＜0.05).Conclusion With the increase of LDL-C level,the degree of DR aggravates,and RAE and AVR decrease accordingly.However,there is no significant correlation between LDL-C and RVE.

Body weight abnormalities, including overweight, obesity, and underweight, have become a dual public health challenge in Chinese adults: overweight and obesity lead to a variety of chronic complications, while underweight increases the risks of malnutrition, sarcopenia, and organ dysfunction. To systematically address these issues, multidisciplinary experts in endocrinology, sports science, nutrition, and psychiatry from various regions have held multiple weight management seminars. Based on the latest epidemiological data and clinical evidence, they expanded the guideline to include assessment and intervention strategies for underweight, in addition to the core content of obesity management. This guideline outlines the etiological mechanisms, evaluation methods, and multidimensional management strategies for overweight and obesity, covering key areas such as diagnosis and assessment, medical nutrition therapy, exercise prescription, pharmacological intervention, and psychological support. It is intended to provide a scientific and standardized approach to weight management across the adult population, aiming to curb the rising prevalence of obesity, mitigate complications associated with abnormal body weight, and improve nutritional status and overall quality of life.

Objective To explore the relationship between the triglyceride glucose(TyG)index and 2-year cognitive function changes.Methods A total of 101 elderly patients who were hospitalized at Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University from September to December 2022 were selected.The cognitive function was evaluated using Montreal cognitive assessment(MoCA)scale.According to the baseline TyG index,the subjects were divided into high TyG index group(TyG index≥ 8.79,51 cases)and low TyG index group(TyG index＜8.79,50 cases).Using a binary Logistic regression model to adjust for confounding factors,the association between TyG index and cognitive decline was analyzed.Results The Spearman correlation analysis results showed that TyG index was negatively correlated with the change value of cognitive function(r=-0.243,P＜0.05).The incidence of cognitive function decline in high TyG index group was significantly higher than that in low TyG index group(43.1％vs.24.0％,P=0.042).After adjusting for confounding factors,the risk of cognitive function decline in high TyG index group was 2.971 times that of low TyG index group(P＜0.05).Conclusion The TyG index of elderly hospitalized patients is correlated with 2-year cognitive function changes.The TyG index may serve as a potential biomarker for early detection of cognitive function decline.

Objective To explore the relationship between the triglyceride glucose(TyG)index and 2-year cognitive function changes.Methods A total of 101 elderly patients who were hospitalized at Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University from September to December 2022 were selected.The cognitive function was evaluated using Montreal cognitive assessment(MoCA)scale.According to the baseline TyG index,the subjects were divided into high TyG index group(TyG index≥ 8.79,51 cases)and low TyG index group(TyG index＜8.79,50 cases).Using a binary Logistic regression model to adjust for confounding factors,the association between TyG index and cognitive decline was analyzed.Results The Spearman correlation analysis results showed that TyG index was negatively correlated with the change value of cognitive function(r=-0.243,P＜0.05).The incidence of cognitive function decline in high TyG index group was significantly higher than that in low TyG index group(43.1％vs.24.0％,P=0.042).After adjusting for confounding factors,the risk of cognitive function decline in high TyG index group was 2.971 times that of low TyG index group(P＜0.05).Conclusion The TyG index of elderly hospitalized patients is correlated with 2-year cognitive function changes.The TyG index may serve as a potential biomarker for early detection of cognitive function decline.

Objective To explore the effect of low density lipoprotein-cholesterol(LDL-C)on the diameters of retinal arteries and veins in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).Methods A total of 102 patients with T2DM who treated in Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University from January to September 2024 were selected and divided into Group A(LDL-C＜2.6mmol/L,35 cases),Group B(2.6mmol/L≤LDL-C＜3.4mmol/L,33 cases)and Group C(LDL-C≥3.4mmol/L,34 cases)according to the LDL-C level.The clinical data and color fundus photos of the patients were collected.The superior temporal retinal arteriolar equivalent(RAE)and superior temporal retinal venular equivalent(RVE)in the left eye of patients were measured,and the ratio of arteriovenous diameters(AVR)was calculated.The correlation between LDL-C levels and retinal vascular diameters was analyzed.Results There were statistically significant differences in levels of total cholesterol and triglycerides,as well as the proportions of patients with coronary heart disease and diabetic retinopathy(DR)among the three groups(P＜0.05).With the progression of DR,the level of LDL-C gradually increases(P＜0.05).There were statistically significant differences in RAE and AVR among patients with different DR stages(P＜0.05).There were statistically significant differences in RAE and AVR among three groups of patients(P＜0.05).Correlation analysis showed that RAE and AVR were negatively correlated with LDL-C(P＜0.05).Conclusion With the increase of LDL-C level,the degree of DR aggravates,and RAE and AVR decrease accordingly.However,there is no significant correlation between LDL-C and RVE.

Body weight abnormalities, including overweight, obesity, and underweight, have become a dual public health challenge in Chinese adults: overweight and obesity lead to a variety of chronic complications, while underweight increases the risks of malnutrition, sarcopenia, and organ dysfunction. To systematically address these issues, multidisciplinary experts in endocrinology, sports science, nutrition, and psychiatry from various regions have held multiple weight management seminars. Based on the latest epidemiological data and clinical evidence, they expanded the guideline to include assessment and intervention strategies for underweight, in addition to the core content of obesity management. This guideline outlines the etiological mechanisms, evaluation methods, and multidimensional management strategies for overweight and obesity, covering key areas such as diagnosis and assessment, medical nutrition therapy, exercise prescription, pharmacological intervention, and psychological support. It is intended to provide a scientific and standardized approach to weight management across the adult population, aiming to curb the rising prevalence of obesity, mitigate complications associated with abnormal body weight, and improve nutritional status and overall quality of life.

SIRT6 belongs to the conserved NAD⁺-dependent deacetylase superfamily and mediates multiple biological and pathological processes. Targeting SIRT6 by allosteric modulators represents a novel direction for therapeutics, which can overcome the selectivity problem caused by the structural similarity of orthosteric sites among deacetylases. Here, developing a reversed allosteric strategy AlloReverse, we identified a cryptic allosteric site, Pocket Z, which was only induced by the bi-directional allosteric signal triggered upon orthosteric binding of NAD⁺. Based on Pocket Z, we discovered an SIRT6 allosteric inhibitor named JYQ-42. JYQ-42 selectively targets SIRT6 among other histone deacetylases and effectively inhibits SIRT6 deacetylation, with an IC₅₀ of 2.33 μmol/L. JYQ-42 significantly suppresses SIRT6-mediated cancer cell migration and pro-inflammatory cytokine production. JYQ-42, to our knowledge, is the most potent and selective allosteric SIRT6 inhibitor. This study provides a novel strategy for allosteric drug design and will help in the challenging development of therapeutic agents that can selectively bind SIRT6.

OBJECTIVE: To carry out amniocyte karyotyping analysis and chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA) for women with anomalies revealed by fetal echocardiography. METHODS: From January 2019 to December 2021, genetic testing was carried out for 205 fetuses including 97 with soft marker anomalies and 108 with structural heart abnormalities. Among these, 138 only had abnormal fetal echocardiography, whilst 38 and 29 were complicated with extracardiac soft marker anomalies and extracardiac structural malformation, respectively. RESULTS: No significant difference was detected in the detection rate of genetic anomalies between fetuses with heart-related soft markers and those with abnormal heart structures (P > 0.05). Compared with those with abnormal fetal echocardiography alone, the detection rates of chromosomal aneuploidies in those with abnormal extracardiac soft markers or abnormal extracardiac structures were significantly higher (P < 0.05). Twenty-eight chromosomal aneuploidies (including a rare mosaicism), 2 balanced translocations and 1 supernumerary marker chromosome were detected by karyotyping analysis. Twenty-seven aneuploidies, 19 copy number variations (CNVs) and 1 uniparental disomy were detected by CMA. CONCLUSION Prenatal diagnosis has attached great importance to the suggestive role of fetal heart-related soft markers, and chromosomal aneuploidies are more common among fetuses with abnormal extracardiac soft markers and extracardiac structural abnormalities. Chromosomal Karyotyping is useful for the detection of balanced translocations and mosaicisms. CMA is helpful for the detection of CNVs. Identification of the genetic causes can facilitate genetic counseling for the affected couples.
Pregnancy ; Female ; Humans ; DNA Copy Number Variations ; Prenatal Diagnosis ; Fetus ; Echocardiography ; Aneuploidy ; Mosaicism ; Translocation, Genetic

Objective:To explore the clinical significance of different metabolic parameters measured by 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET/CT in predicting the effectiveness of chemotherapy in advanced lung adenocarcinoma patients. Methods:A set of metabolic parameters of PET/CT and clinical characteristics which were detected from 127 patients (70 males, 57 females, age (56.8±10.1) years) with advanced lung adenocarcinoma treated with at least two cycles of chemotherapy in Hainan Cancer Hospital between August 2017 and June 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. The effects of those parameters on patients′ survival were analyzed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, Kaplan-Meier method (log-rank test) and Cox proportional hazards model.Results:Maximum standardized uptake value (SUV max), metabolic tumor volume 30% (MTV 30), and total lesion glycolysis 30% (TLG 30) had larger areas under the curve (0.581, 0.606 and 0.693 respectively) compared with other imaging parameters, and the optimal cut-off values were 10.12, 20.21 cm 3 and 81.25 g respectively. Kaplan-Meier univariate and Cox analyses synergistically showed that clinical stage (hazard ratio ( HR)=0.293(95% CI: 0.190-0.451), P<0.001), smoking ( HR=0.732(95% CI: 0.605-0.885), P=0.001), and MTV 30 ( HR=1.555(95% CI: 1.078-2.242), P=0.018) had significant predictive value for progression-free survival (PFS). Stratified analysis showed that smoking and MTV 30>20.21 cm 3 were independent prognostic factors for poor PFS in patients with advanced lung adenocarcinoma receiving chemotherapy ( HR=0.738(95% CI: 0.611-0.893), P=0.002; HR=1.502(95% CI: 1.037-2.177), P=0.032). Conclusions:Clinical stage, smoking and MTV 30 are independent prognostic factors of PFS in patients with advanced lung adenocarcinoma receiving chemotherapy. MTV 30≤20.21 cm 3 is expected to be an image biomarker for predicting survival and selecting patients with advanced lung adenocarcinoma who are more likely to benefit from chemotherapy.

Objective: To investigate the influence of five-in-one management mode(standardized asthma treatment, asthma diary, peak expiratory flow (PEF) monitoring, reasonable diet and physical exercise) on disease prevention and control of school children with asthma. Methods: From April to October 2018, 70 children with asthma in clinical remission were selected from Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University using randomized controlled study design. These children were randomly divided into study group and control group, with 35 cases in each group. In the study group, 5 cases were lost to follow-up, and 30 cases were actually enrolled. In the control group, 6 cases were lost to follow-up, and 29 cases were actually enrolled. Children in the control group received routine medication and regular outpatient consultation, and children in the study group received the five-in-one asthma management model. In the first time of seeing a doctor, after 3 months and 6 months of follow-up, asthma control test score, medication compliance index score and lung function index (forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1), PEF were evaluated respectively.Parental satisfaction, asthma acute episodes, weight, height and biochemical index were recorded during the 6 months of follow-up. Pulmonary function index, asthma control score and body mass index of overweight children with asthma were compared with t-test, medication compliance was compared with chi-square test, and the rank sum test was used for the comparison of the number of emergency visits of asthma attacks and parents′ satisfaction. Results: A total of 59 children with asthma were included, among them 30 were in the study group (8.1±1.5) years old and 29 in the control group (9.2±1.1) years old. After 3 months of follow-up, FEV1, PEF, asthma control score in the study group were (86.3±1.5)%, (83.3±2.4)%, (24.7±2.6) points respectively; and in the control group, FEV1, PEF, asthma control score were (84.4±2.5)%, (82.2±1.9)%, (21.1±1.3) points respectively. The indicators in the study group were higher than those in the control group (t=3.62, 1.97, 6.64, P<0.05). After 6 months of follow-up, FEV1, PEF, asthma control score in the study group were (88.4±2.3)%, (85.4±2.2)%, (26.8±1.8) points respectively; and in the control group, FEV1, PEF, asthma control score were (85.5±1.9)%, (83.2±1.7)%, (22.5±1.4) points respectively. The indicators in the study group were significantly higher than those in the control group (t=5.34, 4.24, 10.41, P<0.05). During the 6-month follow up, the number of emergency visits of asthma attacks in the study group and in the control group were 0.42(0.36, 0.51) and 0.92(0.72, 1.27) respectively. The indicator in the study group was significantly lower than that in the control group (Z=3.21, P<0.05). After 3 months of follow-up, the proportions of children with good compliance in the study group and control group were 67% (20/30) and 62% (18/29), the proportions of poor compliance were 27% (8/30) and 34% (10/29), the proportions of non-compliance were 7% (2/30) and 7% (2/29). There were no statistically significant differences (χ²=0.14, 0.43, 0.00, P=0.71, 0.51, 0.97). After 6 months of follow-up, the proportions of children with good compliance in the study group and control group were 87% (26/30) and 69% (20/29), the proportion of poor compliance were 10% (3/30) and 28% (8/29), the proportion of non-compliance were 3% (1/30) and 7% (2/29), There were no statistically significant differences (χ²=2.70, 3.00, 0.39, P=0.10, 0.08, 0.53). After 6 months of follow-up, the number of great satisfaction, satisfaction and dissatisfaction in the study group were 20, 10 and 0 respectively, the satisfaction rate was 100%, meanwhile those indicators in the control group were 4, 15 and 10 respectively, the satisfaction rate was 66%, The indicator in the study group was significantly higher than that in the control group (Z=4.60, P<0.05). Conclusions The application of "five-in-one" asthma management model (standardized asthma treatment, asthma diary, PEF monitoring, reasonable diet and physical exercise) for school-age children with asthma can significantly improve lung function, as well as reduce the number of acute asthma attacks. It has a high parent satisfaction, therefore it should be recommended for clinical implementation.