OBJECTIVE To observe the effect of Shixiang plaster on promoting the wound healing of diabetic foot ulcer.METHODS Totally 50 male SPF grade SD rats were prepared to establish the diabetic models by feeding with high glucose and high fat forage and intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin,the rats models that were es-tablished successfully were randomly divided into the model group,the Shixiang plaster group and the Kangfuxin solution group.The models of diabetic ulcers were established.The Shixiang plaster group was treated with exter-nal Shixiang plaster,the Kangfuxin solution group was given external Kangfuxin solution,and the model group was treated with coverage with sterile gauze.The wound healing status of the rats was observed,the wound tis-sues were collected for bacterial culture and hematoxylin-eosin(HE)staining after drug administration for 14 and 28 days,respectively.The expression levels of nuclear factor-red cell-2-related factor 2(Nrf-2),heme oxygenase-1(HO-1),tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),interleukin-6(IL-6)and vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)were detected by immunohistochemistry(IHC),the expression levels of Nrf-2 and HO-1 were detected with the use of Western Blot,and the levels of serum malondialdehyde(MDA),superoxide dismutase(SOD)and reactive oxygen species(ROS)were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).RESULTS After the drug administration for 14 and 28 days,the wound healing rates of the Shixiang plaster group were(62.15±3.82)％and(81.68±3.83)％,respectively,higher than(47.14±2.80)％and(69.96±6.49)％of the Kangfuxin solu-tion group and(29.14±9.52)％and(57.91±6.63)％of the model group,and there were significant differences(F=21.716,12.626,P=0.002,0.007).The bacterial colony counts of the Shixiang plaster group were less than those of the Kangfuxin solution group and the model group after the drug administration for 14 and 28 days(P＜0.05).The result of HE staining showed that the Shixiang plaster group had a better wound healing.The result of IHC indicated that the expression levels of Nrf-2,HO-1 and VEGF of the Kangfuxin solution group and the Shix-iang plaster group were up-regulated after the drug administration for 28 days,while the expression levels of TNF-α and IL-6 were down-regulated.The expression levels of Nrf-2 and HO-1 proteins of the Shixiang plaster group were higher than those of the Kangfuxin solution group and the model group after the drug administration for 14 and 28 days,the levels of serum MDA and ROS of the Shixiang plaster group were lower than those of the Kangfuxin solution group and the model group,and the serum SOD level of the Shixiang plaster group was higher than that of the model group(P＜0.05).CONCLUSIONS Shixiang plaster can effectively promote the wound heal-ing of the rats with diabetic foot ulcers and reduce the bacterial colony counts of wound surfaces.The mechanism may be associated with the alleviation of oxidative stress injury by mediating the Nrf-2/HO-1 signaling pathways,promotion of angiogenesis and inhibition of excessive inflammatory reactions.

OBJECTIVE To observe the effect of Shixiang plaster on promoting the wound healing of diabetic foot ulcer.METHODS Totally 50 male SPF grade SD rats were prepared to establish the diabetic models by feeding with high glucose and high fat forage and intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin,the rats models that were es-tablished successfully were randomly divided into the model group,the Shixiang plaster group and the Kangfuxin solution group.The models of diabetic ulcers were established.The Shixiang plaster group was treated with exter-nal Shixiang plaster,the Kangfuxin solution group was given external Kangfuxin solution,and the model group was treated with coverage with sterile gauze.The wound healing status of the rats was observed,the wound tis-sues were collected for bacterial culture and hematoxylin-eosin(HE)staining after drug administration for 14 and 28 days,respectively.The expression levels of nuclear factor-red cell-2-related factor 2(Nrf-2),heme oxygenase-1(HO-1),tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),interleukin-6(IL-6)and vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)were detected by immunohistochemistry(IHC),the expression levels of Nrf-2 and HO-1 were detected with the use of Western Blot,and the levels of serum malondialdehyde(MDA),superoxide dismutase(SOD)and reactive oxygen species(ROS)were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).RESULTS After the drug administration for 14 and 28 days,the wound healing rates of the Shixiang plaster group were(62.15±3.82)％and(81.68±3.83)％,respectively,higher than(47.14±2.80)％and(69.96±6.49)％of the Kangfuxin solu-tion group and(29.14±9.52)％and(57.91±6.63)％of the model group,and there were significant differences(F=21.716,12.626,P=0.002,0.007).The bacterial colony counts of the Shixiang plaster group were less than those of the Kangfuxin solution group and the model group after the drug administration for 14 and 28 days(P＜0.05).The result of HE staining showed that the Shixiang plaster group had a better wound healing.The result of IHC indicated that the expression levels of Nrf-2,HO-1 and VEGF of the Kangfuxin solution group and the Shix-iang plaster group were up-regulated after the drug administration for 28 days,while the expression levels of TNF-α and IL-6 were down-regulated.The expression levels of Nrf-2 and HO-1 proteins of the Shixiang plaster group were higher than those of the Kangfuxin solution group and the model group after the drug administration for 14 and 28 days,the levels of serum MDA and ROS of the Shixiang plaster group were lower than those of the Kangfuxin solution group and the model group,and the serum SOD level of the Shixiang plaster group was higher than that of the model group(P＜0.05).CONCLUSIONS Shixiang plaster can effectively promote the wound heal-ing of the rats with diabetic foot ulcers and reduce the bacterial colony counts of wound surfaces.The mechanism may be associated with the alleviation of oxidative stress injury by mediating the Nrf-2/HO-1 signaling pathways,promotion of angiogenesis and inhibition of excessive inflammatory reactions.

Early-onset epilepsy is a neurological abnormality in childhood, and it is especially common in the first 2 years after birth. Seizures in early life mostly result from structural or metabolic disorders in the brain, and the genetic causes of idiopathic seizures have been extensively investigated. In this study, we identified four missense mutations in the SETD1A gene (SET domain-containing 1A, histone lysine methyltransferase): three de novo mutations in three individuals and one inherited mutation in a four-generation family. Whole-exome sequencing indicated that all four of these mutations were responsible for the seizures. Mutations of SETD1A have been implicated in schizophrenia and developmental disorders, so we examined the role of the four mutations (R913C, Q269R, G1369R, and R1392H) in neural development. We found that their expression in mouse primary cortical neurons affected excitatory synapse development. Moreover, expression of the R913C mutation also affected the migration of cortical neurons in the mouse brain. We further identified two common genes (Neurl4 and Usp39) affected by mutations of SETD1A. These results suggested that the mutations of SETD1A play a fundamental role in abnormal synaptic function and the development of neurons, so they may be pathogenic factors for neurodevelopmental disorders.

Animals ; Brain ; growth & development ; Child ; Eyelids ; abnormalities ; Female ; Humans ; Intellectual Disability ; genetics ; Limb Deformities, Congenital ; genetics ; Mice ; Microcephaly ; genetics ; Mutation, Missense ; N-Myc Proto-Oncogene Protein ; genetics ; Tracheoesophageal Fistula ; genetics

Objective To discuss the clinical value of using echocardiography to evaluate cardiac function in hypertension patients complicated with atrial fibrillation.Methods 60 hypertension patients complicated with atrial fibrillation were chosen as the observation group,and meanwhile 30 healthy subjects were chosen as the control group.Conventional two dimensional ultrasound was used to observe left front diameter (LAD),left ventricular end diastolic diameter (LVEDD),left ventricular end systolic diameter (LVESD) and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF).And mitral valve flow spectrum was also used to detect A peak and integral E-VTI E peak,A-VTI,and E/A,including the E peak deceleration time (DT).Pulmonary vein blood flow spectrum was used to detect systolic velocity (S),integral S-D-VTI,VTI,D peak,integral record systolic flow velocity (peak) Ar,and calculate the S/D value.Results In the observation group, LAD,LVEDD,LVESD,LAVmax and LAVmin were (43.01±2.34)mm,(48.87±4.35)mm,(30.29±4.34)mm,(42.38±3.55)mL and (20.22±2.35)mL, which were significantly higher than those in the control group [(34.23±2.10)mm,(43.23±4.30)mm,(24.34±4.12)mm,(31.04±3.10)mL and (14.57±2.19)mL], the differences were statistically significant (t=17.34,5.82,6.34,14.88 ,10.99,all P<0.05).In the observation group, the LVEF and TA-EF were (62.03±5.56)% and (58.66±5.45)%, which were significantly lower than those in the control group [(59.35±4.45)% and (52.34±4.68)%], the differences were statistically significant (t=2.30,10.99,all P<0.05).In the observation group, the E peak,E-VTI and E/A were (91.22±12.10)cm/s,(15.17±3.31) and (2.38±0.55) respectively, which were significantly higher than those in the control group [(71.28±12.11)cm/s,(12.21±3.30) and (0.92±0.30), t=7.37,4.04,13.54,all P<0.05].In the observation group, A peak,A-VTI and DT were (46.89±5.36)cm/s,(4.23±1.06) and (120.32±12.45),respectively, which were significantly lower than those in the control group [(79.44±6.12)cm/s,(7.85±1.15) and (234.37±13.49),t=25.89,14.84 ,39.84,all P<0.05].In the observation group, D peak and D-VTI were (53.80±5.76)cm/s and (14.20±1.56) respectively, which were significantly higher than those in the control group [(44.54±3.58)cm/s and (11.15±1.55),t=8.64,6.34,all P<0.05].In the observation group, Speak,S-VTI,S/D and Ar were (41.21±4.04)cm/s,(11.87±5.37),(0.78±0.09) and (21.34±3.05) respectively, which were significantly lower than those in the control group [(53.26±4.15)cm/s,(16.28±5.33),(1.29±0.13) and (38.57±3.89),t=12.12,3.94,21.75,23.00,all P<0.05].Conclusion Echocardiography can reflect the cardiac function in hypertension patients with atrial fibrillation.And assessing myocardial remodeling and atrial room to store the damage situation, pipeline and booster pump function all has important clinical significance for clinical treatment and prognosis assessment.