Objective To systematically analyze the characteristics of the disease burden of hypertensive heart disease (HHD) in the elderly (≥60 years) globally and in China from 1990 to 2021, and to predict its future trends from 2022 to 2040, with the aim of providing data support for optimizing comprehensive prevention and control strategies for HHD. Methods Based on the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2021 database, the number of prevalent cases and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) of HHD in the elderly were extracted for the world, China, and five regions categorized by sociodemographic index (SDI). Joinpoint regression was used to analyze the temporal trends of age-standardized prevalence rate and age-standardized DALYs rate of HHD in the elderly. A three-factor decomposition method was applied to evaluate the relative contributions of aging, population growth, and epidemiological changes to the variations in the elderly HHD burden. Additionally, a Bayesian age-period-cohort model was used to predict the elderly HHD burden from 2022 to 2040. Results In 2021, the number of prevalent elderly HHD cases reached 10 283 000 globally and 3 412 400 in China, representing increases of 179.20% and 159.20% respectively, compared with 1990. The DALYs of elderly HHD were 18 812 700 person-years globally and 4 731 400 person-years in China, rising by 76.08% and 29.45% respectively from 1990. Meanwhile, the growth rates of the number of prevalent cases and DALYs of elderly HHD varied across different SDI regions. From 1990 to 2021, the age-standardized prevalence rate of elderly HHD in China, as well as the age-standardized DALYs rate of elderly HHD both globally and in China, showed significant downward trends (all average annual percentage changes<0, all P<0.001). In 2021, the 70-74 years age group accounted for the highest proportion of prevalent cases and DALYs of elderly HHD, both globally and in China. Decomposition analysis revealed that population growth was the dominant factor driving the increase in the elderly HHD burden across all regions. The prediction model results indicated that the number of prevalent cases and DALYs of elderly HHD would continue to rise globally and in China from 2022 to 2040, with the growth rate of the elderly HHD burden in China between 2021 and 2040 expected to exceed the global average. Conclusion Over the past 32 years, although the age-standardized disease rates of elderly HHD have mainly shown a downward trend globally and in China, the absolute number of the disease burden has increased substantially. The projection model indicates a continued upward trajectory, with the growth rate in China higher than the global average. Therefore, there is an urgent need to implement precise prevention and control strategies to effectively mitigate the disease burden of elderly HHD.

Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a medical condition characterized by cardiac remodeling and dysfunction in individuals with diabetes mellitus. Sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) and mitochondrial Ca²⁺ overload in cardiomyocytes have been recognized as biological hallmarks in DCM; however, the specific factors underlying these abnormalities remain largely unknown. In this study, we aimed to investigate the role of a cardiac-specific long noncoding RNA, D830005E20Rik (Trdn-as), in DCM. Our results revealed the remarkably upregulation of Trdn-as in the hearts of the DCM mice and cardiomyocytes treated with high glucose (HG). Knocking down Trdn-as in cardiac tissues significantly improved cardiac dysfunction and remodeling in the DCM mice. Conversely, Trdn-as overexpression resulted in cardiac damage resembling that observed in the DCM mice. At the cellular level, Trdn-as induced Ca²⁺ overload in the SR and mitochondria, leading to mitochondrial dysfunction. RNA-seq and bioinformatics analyses identified calsequestrin 2 (Casq2), a primary calcium-binding protein in the junctional SR, as a potential target of Trdn-as. Further investigations revealed that Trdn-as facilitated the recruitment of METTL14 to the Casq2 mRNA, thereby enhancing the m⁶A modification of Casq2. This modification increased the stability of Casq2 mRNA and subsequently led to increased protein expression. When Casq2 was knocked down, the promoting effects of Trdn-as on Ca²⁺ overload and mitochondrial damage were mitigated. These findings provide valuable insights into the pathogenesis of DCM and suggest Trdn-as as a potential therapeutic target for this condition.
Animals ; Diabetic Cardiomyopathies/pathology* ; RNA, Long Noncoding/genetics* ; Myocytes, Cardiac/metabolism* ; Mice ; Calsequestrin/genetics* ; Calcium/metabolism* ; Male ; Sarcoplasmic Reticulum/metabolism* ; Methyltransferases/metabolism* ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mitochondria, Heart/metabolism* ; Disease Models, Animal ; Mitochondria/metabolism*

OBJECTIVE: To determine the carrier rate for thalassemia mutations in the ethnic Miao population of Qianxinan Prefecture. METHODS: Ethnic Miao people suspected for thalassemia trait at the People's Hospital of Qianxinan Prefecture, Guizhou Province between November 2020 to September 2024 were selected as the study subjects. Gap-PCR technology combined with high-throughput sequencing was used to screen a total of 666 individuals. ArcMap v10.8.2 was used to create a spatial distribution map of thalassemia based on the screening results. This study was approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of the hospital (Ethics No.: 2016-01). RESULTS: In total 254 positive cases were detected, with an overall positive rate of 38.14%. Among these, 173 cases were α-thalassemia (25.98%), 77 cases were β-thalassemia (11.56%), and 4 cases were αβ compound thalassemia (0.60%). The most common genotypes for α-thalassemia were αα/--^SEA (positive rate = 10.06%, accounting for 38.73%), αα/-α^3.7 (positive rate = 8.86%, accounting for 34.10%), and α^CSα/αα (positive rate = 4.95%, accounting for 19.08%). The most common genotypes for β-thalassemia were β^41/42(-TTCT)/β^A (positive rate = 5.11%, accounting for 44.16%) and β^{17 (A>T)}/β^A(positive rate = 4.20%, accounting for 36.36%), with these two genotypes accounting for as much as 80.52%. The spatial distribution map indicated that the highest overall detection rate of thalassemia and α-thalassemia in the Miao population of Qianxinan Prefecture was in Xingyi City. The highest detection rate of β-thalassemia was in Zhenfeng County, and the highest detection rate of αβ compound thalassemia was in Wangmo County. CONCLUSION The detection rate of thalassemia among the ethnic Miaos from Qianxinan Prefecture is relatively high, which primarily consisted of α-thalassemia. Regular monitoring and educational outreach should be conducted.
Humans ; China/ethnology* ; Female ; Male ; Genetic Testing ; Adult ; alpha-Thalassemia/genetics* ; Thalassemia/ethnology* ; Ethnicity/genetics* ; Genotype ; beta-Thalassemia/ethnology* ; Adolescent ; Mutation ; Middle Aged ; Child ; Asian People/genetics* ; Young Adult

Objective To investigate the effects of citicoline sodium and Ureicrin on the expression of miR-17-5p and miR-29b in patients with ischemic stroke.Methods A total of 100 patients with ischemic stroke treated in the hospital were divided into control group and combination group by random table method.From February 2023 to February 2024,they were respectively given Eurecrine monotherapy and citicoline sodium and eurecrine combination therapy.Cerebral blood perfusion indexes,inflammatory factors,oxidative stress,miR-17-5p,miR-29b levels and clinical efficacy were detected in the two groups,and adverse reactions were statistically recorded.Results There was no significant difference in CBF,CBV,hs-CRP,miR-29b,IL-6,TNF-α and miR-17-5p between the two groups before treatment(P>0.05).After treatment,the levels of CBF,CBV,miR-29b,SOD and GSH-Px increased,while the levels of hs-CRP,IL-6,TNF-α,miR-17-5p and MDA decreased,and the levels of CBF,CBV,miR-29b,SOD and GSH-Px in the combined group were higher than those in the control group.The levels of hs-CRP,TNF-α,IL-6,miR-17-5p and MDA were significantly different from those of the control group(P<0.05).The incidence of adverse reactions and the total effective rate of treatment in combination group were higher than those in control group(P<0.05),and the adverse reactions were mild and tolerable.Conclusion The combination of citicoline sodium and Ureicrin can improve the clinical efficacy and prognosis of patients.

ObjectiveTo analyze the polarized light microscopic characteristics， the composition of physical phases and their relative contents of Maifanitum from different origins， and to establish the Fourier characteristic fingerprint of Maifanitum powder crystals by X-ray diffraction（XRD）. MethodA total of 26 batches of Maifanitum samples were selected， and the microscopic characteristics of the sample powders and grinding flakes were observed by polarized light microscopy under single polarized light and orthogonal polarized light， and the main phase compositions and their relative contents were analyzed by powder crystal XRD technique， and the XRD Fourier characteristic fingerprint of Maifanitum was established. The incident light source of XRD was Cu target Kβ radiation， the light tube voltage and light tube current were 40 kV and 40 mA， respectively， the divergence slit was 1°， the scattering slit was 1°， the receiving slit was 0.2 mm， the scanning speed was 5°·min^-1 with continuous scanning and scanning range of 5-90°（2θ）， and the step length was 0.02°. ResultThe polarized light micrographs of powders and grinding flakes of Maifanitum were obtained， and the main phases were plagioclase， potassium feldspar and quartz， and a few samples also contained illite， pyrite， iron dolomite， calcite， iron amphibole and chlorite， etc. The relative total content of feldspar phases was 61.9%-82.4%， and the relative content of quartz was 12.6%-33.6%. The XRD Fourier fingerprint analysis method of Maifanitum with 13 common peaks as the characteristic fingerprint information was established， and the similarity calculated by the mean correlation coefficient method was 0.920 9-0.997 7， the similarity calculated by the mean angle cosine method was 0.940 5-0.998 4， the similarity calculated by the median correlation coefficient method was 0.921 1-0.997 5， and the similarity calculated by the median angle cosine method was 0.947 5-0.998 2. ConclusionThe polarized light microscopic identification characteristics of Maifanitum are mainly plagioclase， quartz and potassium feldspar， and the technique of powder crystal XRD Fourier fingerprint analysis can be used for the identification of Maifanitum.

【Objective】 To investigate the practice and benefit of national standardized management of type 2 diabetes in Yulin City. 【Methods】 We recruited the adult type 2 diabetes patients who sought medical help at our hospital from May 2020 to October 2022 as subjects. We collected their basic information (sex and age); measured height, weight, waist and hip circumference, and blood pressure; calculated body mass index (BMI); and detected blood glucose, c-peptide, HbA1c, biomarkers, urinary microalbumin, sensory nerve conduction velocity of lower limbs, ABI, and subcutaneous and visceral fat at the time of MMC recruited and the end of six months. T test and Mann-Whitney U rank sum test were used for measurement data and χ² test or Fisher’s exact probability method for counting data to analyze the data. 【Results】 After 6 months, the levels of fasting blood glucose, postprandial blood glucose, HbA1c, and visceral and subcutaneous fat in all the patients decreased, but the level of fasting c-peptide increased compared with the baseline (all P<0.05). Secondly, compared with the baseline, the control rate of HbA1c (35.21% vs. 13.71% ) and the comprehensive control rate (13.97% vs. 7.26% ) were both significantly increased at six months (P<0.05). Thirdly, after 6 months, the levels of fasting blood glucose, postprandial blood glucose, HbA1c, TG, TC, and UA were decreased more, while the fasting c-peptide and postprandial c-peptide were increased more in the patients of the HbA1c standard group (HbA1c<7% ) than those of the non-standard group. 【Conclusion】 The multiple benefits of blood glucose, blood lipid, uric acid and islet function can be achieved by taking type 2 diabetes patients into MMC. Meanwhile, the rates of HbA1c control and comprehensively reaching the standard are significantly increased. Therefore, MMC can explore a new way for the management of type 2 diabetic patients in this area.

To analyze the methodological and reporting quality of systematic reviews of prediction models published in Chinese journals, with the aim of providing reference for enhancing the overall quality of Chinese systematic reviews of prediction models.

Objective:To analyze the thalassemia screening and genotyping in Southwest Guizhou Autonomous Prefecture (referred it as Qianxinan Prefecture), this essay provides the theoretical reference for clinical diagnosis of thalassemia and suspicious cases.Methods:The pregnant women, spouses and neonates who were screened for thalassemia gene in Qian Xi Nan People's Hospital from January 2016 to December 2020 were selected as the research subjects, and peripheral blood or umbilical cord blood samples were collected to extract DNA. The gap-polymerase chain reaction (Gap-PCR) and next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology were used to screen thalassemia, and ArcMap 10.8 software was adopted to map the local spatial distribution of thalassemia based on the screening data.Results:A total of 67 185 cases of people from various regions in Qianxinan Prefecture were screened, and 8 202 cases of thalassemia gene carriers were detected, with a total detection rate of 12.21%. Among them, 5 660 cases of α-thalassemia, with a detection rate of 8.42%; 2 132 cases of β-thalassemia, with a detection rate of 3.17%; 410 cases of αβ complex thalassemia, with a detection rate of 0.61%. In the detection of thalassemia genes, 27 genotypes of α-thalassemia were detected, mainly αα/-α 3.7, accounting for 41.13% (2 328/5 660); 33 genotypes of β-thalassemia were detected, mainly β CD17(A>T)/β A, accounting for 44.09% (940/2 132); 55 genotypes of αβ complex thalassemia were detected, and αα/-α 3.7 complexed β CD17(A>T)/β A dominated, accounting for 21.22% (87/410). There were high incidence areas in the spatial distribution of thalassemia, which were Wangmo County and Ceheng County, and the detection rate was 26.76% (1 438/5 374), 24.39% (1 314/5 387), respectively. Conclusions:The detection rate of thalassemia gene in Qianxinan Prefecture is relatively high, mainly αα/-α 3.7 genotype of α-thalassemia. Wangmo County and Ceheng County are high-incidence areas of thalassemia, and screening efforts should be continued.

Objective:To construct a recombinant herpes simplex virus 2 (HSV-2) expressing enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) using clustered, regularly interspaced, short palindromic repeat/CRISPR-associated nuclease 9 (CRISPR/Cas9) technology.Methods:Four strategies for inserting exogenous EGFP gene into HSV-2 genome using CRISPR/Cas9 technology were designed: (1) conventional homology-directed repair: circular two homology arm donor-mediated gene knock-in; (2) linearized single homology arm donor-mediated gene knock-in; (3) homology-independent targeted integration; (4) conventional homology-directed repair-mediated by cell lines stably expressing Cas9 and sgRNA.Results:The recombinant virus HSV-2-EGFP was successfully constructed based on the second, the third and the fourth strategies. The second strategy was the most efficient, followed by the third and the fourth strategies. The purified recombinant virus could stably express green fluorescent protein in seven passages and shared similar growth characteristics in Vero cells to the parental virus.Conclusions:Linearized single homology arm donor could increase the efficiency of gene knock-in, and cell lines stably expressing Cas9 and sgRNA could increase the efficiency of gene knock-in mediated by homology-directed repair.

Objective:To study the impact of excessive iodide intake during pregnancy and lactation on lipid metabolism in offspring male rats.Methods:Forty-eight six-week-old Wistar rats (half male and half female) were fed adaptively for one week. The cage was closed according to the ratio of male and female 1∶1. The pregnant rats were divided into two groups according to their weight (220-240 g) by random number table. (1) 10 times high iodine (10 HI) intake during pregnancy and lactation until the postnatal day 21 (PN21) of their offspring: pregnant rats were divided into normal iodine group (NI group, drinking deionized water), 10 HI group (drinking potassium iodide solution with iodine content of 2 250 μg/L). Breast milk was used to feed the offspring rats to PN21, and the offspring male rats were taken as the research subjects, with 6 rats in each group. (2) 100 times high iodine (100 HI) intake during pregnancy and lactation to the offspring postnatal day 120 (PN120): pregnant rats were divided into NI group (drinking deionized water) and 100 HI group (drinking potassium iodide solution with iodine content of 24 750 μg/L). After feeding the offspring rats with breast milk until PN21, the offspring were continued to drink potassium iodide solution with the same iodine content as the mother's to PN120. The offspring male rats were taken as the research subjects, with 6 rats in each group. The levels of free triiodothyronine (FT 3), free thyroxine (FT 4), thyrotropin (TSH) in serum, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), triglyceride (TG) and total cholesterol (TC) in serum and liver tissue homogenates were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The mRNA expression of cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase (CYP7A), low-density lipoprotein receptors (LDLR), sterol regulatory element-binding protein (SREBP)-1c, malic enzyme (ME) and thyroid hormone receptor β (TRβ) in the liver tissue were measured by real-time quantitative PCR. Results:(1) Effects of 10 HI intake during pregnancy and lactation on PN21 offspring male rats: compared with NI and 10 HI groups, the serum FT 3 [(7.53 ± 0.74), (8.88 ± 0.99) pmol/L], FT 4 [(5.58 ± 0.56), (7.68 ± 0.30) pmol/L], TSH levels [(16.69 ± 1.05), (14.49 ± 0.16) ng/ml] of offspring male rats were statistically significant ( t=- 2.91,-8.76, 3.59, P < 0.05). The levels of LDL-C, TG, TC in serum and liver of offspring male rats of 10 HI group were significantly lower than those of NI group ( t=3.28, 8.71, 3.44, 3.70, 3.49, 2.74, P < 0.05). The differences of mRNA expression levels of LDLR, ME, SREBP-1c in the liver of PN21 offspring male rats of 10 HI and NI groups were statistically significant ( t=- 3.50,-3.92, 5.58, P < 0.05). Among them, the levels of LDLR and ME in 10 HI group were higher than those in NI group, while the level of SREBP-1c in 10 HI group was lower than that in NI group. There no significant difference in CYP7A and TRβ mRNA levels between the two groups ( t=- 2.44, 3.20, P > 0.05). (2) Effects of 100 HI intake during pregnancy and lactation on PN120 offspring male rats: there were significant differences in serum FT 3, FT 4 and TSH levels of offspring male rats between 100 HI and NI groups ( t=- 4.39,-3.19, 4.72, P < 0.05). The levels of serum FT 3 and FT 4 in 100 HI group were lower than those in NI group, and the level of TSH in 100 HI group was higher than that in NI group ( P < 0.05). Compared with NI group, the serum and liver LDL-C, TG and TC levels in the offspring male rats of 100 HI group were significantly higher ( t=4.49, 12.85, 16.62, 4.35, 11.04, 16.01, P < 0.05). The differences of CYP7A, LDLR, ME, TRβ and SREBP-1c mRNA levels in liver of PN120 offspring male rats of 100 HI and NI groups were statistically significant ( t=26.40, 54.85,-10.98, 32.52, 10.50, P < 0.05). Among them, the CYP7A, LDLR, ME and TRβ mRNA levels in 100 HI group were lower than those of NI group, while the SREBP-1c mRNA level was higher than that of NI group ( P < 0.05). Conclusions:10 HI intake during pregnancy and lactation to the offspring male rats PN21 showed the serological changes of hyperthyroidism, the levels of blood lipids and liver lipids decreased, the levels of LDLR and ME mRNA increased, and SREBP-1c mRNA decreased in liver. However, 100 HI intake during pregnancy and lactation to the offspring male rats PN120 showed serological changes of hypothyroidism, the levels of blood lipids and liver lipids increased, the levels of CYP7A, LDLR, ME mRNA decreased, and SREBP-1c mRNA increased in liver.