The patients with skeletal class Ⅱ malocclusion are often accompanied by structural and functional abnormalities of the upper airway,and obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome(OSAHS)may occur in severe cases.The morphologic and fluid dynamic changes of the upper airway in one patient with skeletal class Ⅱ malocclusion accompanied by OSAHS after maxillomandibular advancement(MMA)surgery were observed.The patient was a 27-year-old male with skeletal class Ⅱ malocclusion and moderate OSAHS.Combined orthodontic and orthognathic treatment was conducted,involving the anterior movement of the maxilla and mandible.After surgery,the patient's facial and intraoral features showed a satisfactory occlusion relationship with normal overbite,overjet and canine-molar relationships.There was also a significant improvement in the upper airway flow field.Two years after surgery,the cross-sectional area of the nasopharyngeal airway increased by 10.76％with a 55.36％reduction in pressure.The oropharyngeal airway showed a 108.25％increase in cross-sectional area with a 98.14％pressure reduction.The hypopharyngeal airway exhibited a 97.51％increase in cross-sectional area with a 351.03％pressure reduction.The laryngopharyngeal airway demonstrated a 27.54％increase in cross-sectional area with a 95.62％pressure reduction.The apnea-hypopnea index(AHI)decreased by 55.45％,achieving the treatment goal.Morphological measurements combined with fluid dynamic analysis can comprehensively evaluate the condition of the upper airway.The approximate value of the critical closing pressure(Pcrit)obtained from computational fluid dynamics(CFD)analysis may serve as a simple quantitative indicator for assessing the upper airway condition.

Objective:To investigate the management effectiveness of the integrated service mode of community cerebrovascular disease specialty and general practice team on stroke management.Methods:This was a randomized controlled trial. Patients with non-acute stroke who visited Fangzhuang Community Health Service Center in Fengtai District, Beijing between September 2022 and January 2023 were enrolled and randomly assigned to an integrated specialist-primary care group and a control group using a random number table method. Baseline clinical data were collected. Patients in the integrated specialist-primary care group received a collaborative care model combining stroke specialty services and primary care teams, while the control group received routine care. Neurological status, mental status, medical adherence, cognitive function, and psychological status were assessed using standardized scales at baseline, followed by evaluations every 3 months for 1 year, totaling 5 assessments.Results:A total of 142 non-acute stroke patients were included, with 71 in the specialist-primary care integrated service group, aged (69.5±7.6) years, including 43 males (60.56%), and 71 in the control group, aged (68.8±8.5) years, including 38 males (53.52%). There were no statistically significant differences in baseline clinical characteristics such as age, sex, and body mass index between the two groups (all P>0.05). Prior to the intervention, there were no statistically significant differences in the Mini-Mental State Examination scores between the two groups ( P>0.05). However, at 3, 6, 9, and 12 months post-intervention, the scores of the specialist-primary care integrated service group were significantly higher than those of the control group (all P<0.05). Before the intervention, there were no statistically significant differences between the two groups in the scores on Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale and Patient Health Questionnaire Depression Scale (all P>0.05). At 6, 9, and 12 months post-intervention, the scores on these two scales for the specialist-primary care integrated service group were significantly lower than those of the control group (all P<0.05). There were no statistically significant differences in adherence behavior scores between the two groups before the intervention ( P>0.05), but at 6, 9, and 12 months post-intervention, the adherence behavior scores of the specialist-primary care integrated service group were significantly higher than those of the control group (all P<0.05). Conclusions:The integrated service mode of cerebrovascular disease specialists and general practice teams can effectively improve cognitive function, anxiety, depression, and compliance behavior, and is more conducive to the recovery of stroke patients in the community, which has popularization value.

Objective:To investigate the clinical features and prognosis of neonatal patients with congenital idiopathic vocal cord paralysis (VCP).Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on the general condition,clinical manifestations,auxiliary examinations,complications,treatment,and follow-up of 41 cases of congenital idiopathic VCP at the Neonatal Center,Xi'an Children's Hospital,from January 2018 to June 2023.Patients were divided into unilateral vocal cord paralysis (UVCP) and bilateral vocal cord paralysis (BVCP) groups based on the side of the affected vocal cord.The Fisher exact test or Mann-Whitney U test was employed to compare the follow-up indicators between the two groups. Results:A total of 41 cases (26 males,15 females) were included.All were full-term infants with a mean birth weight of (3 240.0±553.9) g.The median age at first visit was 3.0 (1.0,12.5) days.All 41 cases exhibited varying degrees of hoarseness,with 33 (80.5%) experiencing inspiratory stridor,10 (24.4%) having feeding difficulties,and 9 (22.0%) presenting with dyspnea and cyanosis.Serum vitamin D levels were found to be deficient or insufficient in 19 of 24 (79.2%) cases.Eighteen (43.9%) cases were misdiagnosed,and 4 (9.8%) cases were missed.Seven (17.1%) cases were complicated by laryngomalacia.Among the 33 (80.5%) cases in the UVCP group,30 (73.2%) exhibited left VCP and 3 (7.3%) had right VCP.Eight (19.5%) cases were classified in the BVCP group.Nine patients required respiratory support,with 2 undergoing tracheotomy.Ten patients with feeding difficulties received tube feeding,and some underwent swallowing and sucking training.A total of 37 (90.2%) cases were followed up for a median of 2 (1,5) months; 29 (78.4%) had no symptoms,4 (10.8%) showed symptom improvement,2 (5.4%) had persistent symptoms,and 2 (5.4%) died due to treatment interruption.The rates of symptom disappearance and improvement in the UVCP group were significantly higher than those in the BVCP group,while the rate of symptom persistence and mortality were significantly lower in the UVCP group (83.3% vs.57.1%,13.3% vs.0,0 vs.28.6%,3.3% vs.14.3%, P<0.05).No statistically significant difference was found between the two groups regarding the age of symptom disappearance ( P>0.05). Conclusion:Neonatal congenital idiopathic VCP is more prevalent among full-term infants,with most cases presenting hoarseness,vitamin D deficiency,and some associated with laryngomalacia.The condition is often misdiagnosed or missed,but most cases demonstrate a favorable prognosis.

OBJECTIVE: To compare the clinical efficacy of electroacupuncture (EA) at neuro-arterial stimulation points with topical western medication in treating post-stroke shoulder-hand syndrome (SHS). METHODS: A total of 72 patients with post-stroke SHS were randomly assigned to an observation group (n=36, 2 cases dropped out) and a control group (n=36, 3 cases dropped out). Both groups received standard neurological treatment, comprehensive rehabilitation, and physical therapy. The observation group received EA at neuro-arterial stimulation points, including the ipsilateral stellate ganglion point, vagus nerve trunk and auricular branch (left side), and stimulation points of the radial and ulnar arteries, radial nerve, ulnar nerve, and median nerve, once daily for 4 weeks. The control group was treated with topical diclofenac diethylamine emulgel, and mucopolysaccharide polysulfate cream was added for patients with pronounced early-stage edema, twice a day for 4 weeks. The VAS pain score and hand edema volume were recorded before treatment, at 2 and 4 weeks during treatment, and 2 weeks after treatment completion (follow-up). Musculoskeletal ultrasound was used to measure the thickness of the dorsal hand and middle finger skin on the affected side before and after 4 weeks of treatment. RESULTS: Compared before treatment, the VAS pain scores and edema volume of the affected hand in both groups were decreased at week 2, week 4, and follow-up (P<0.05). At week 4, both groups showed lower VAS pain scores and edema volume than those at week 2 (P<0.05); during follow-up, both VAS pain scores and edema volume were further reduced compared to those at week 4 (P<0.05). At week 2, week 4, and follow-up, the VAS scores and edema volume of the affected hand in the observation group were lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). Compared before treatment, the dorsal hand skin thickness and middle finger skin thickness on the affected side were decreased in both groups after 4 weeks of treatment (P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the observation group showed thinner dorsal hand and middle finger skin thickness after 4 weeks of treatment (P<0.05). CONCLUSION EA at neuro-arterial stimulation points effectively alleviates pain and edema in patients with post-stroke SHS, and demonstrates superior efficacy compared to topical western medication.
Humans ; Male ; Female ; Middle Aged ; Electroacupuncture ; Aged ; Stroke/complications* ; Acupuncture Points ; Adult ; Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy/physiopathology* ; Treatment Outcome ; Hand

Objective:To establish a sterility test method for epinastine hydrochloride eye drops.Methods:Accord-ing to the Pharmacopoeia ofthe People's Republic ofChina 2020,the sterility test method of this product was estab-lished by membrane filtration method,polysorbate 80 was selected as the neutralizing agent,and the washing amount was screened to establish the sterility test method of this variety.Results:Taking 0.1%sterile peptone aqueous solu-tion containing 1%polysorbate 80 as the flushing solution,the flushing volume is 100 mL each time,and the total flushing volume of each membrane is 500 mL,which can eliminate the antibacterial effect.Conclusion:This method can effectively remove the bacteriostasis of epinastine hydrochloride eye drops,and is suitable for the sterility inspec-tion of this variety.

Objective:To analyze the nutritional development status and trends of preschool children aged 3-6 in Changping District,Beijing.Methods:The physical examination informations of preschool children aged 3-6 from over 180 kindergartens who participated in physical examinations in Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital of Changping District from 2021 to 2023 were collected retrospectively.The malnutrition,vision examination and dental caries of children with different ages across these years were compared.Results:A total of 135 215 children underwent physical examinations from 2021 to 2023,with 43 098 cases in 2021,45 985 cases in 2022,and 46 132 cases in 2023.Among them,there were 601 cases (0.44%) of malnutrition (including underweight,stunted growth,and wasting),and 13 512 cases (9.99%) of excessive nutrition (including overweight and obesity).The prevalence rates of overweight were 7.19%,5.56%,and 5.28% for the years 2021,2022,and 2023,respectively,with the highest rate in 2021; the obesity rates were 4.41%,3.79%,and 3.85% for the same years,also with the highest rate in 2021.The differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05).The analysis of overweight and obese children of different ages in 2021 showed that the highest rate of overweight was in 3-year-olds (8.33%, P<0.05),and the highest rate of obesity was in 6-year-olds (6.19%, P<0.05).The detection rates of dental caries were 51.97%,39.14%,and 49.68%; the total caries treatment rates were 39.39%,43.09%,and 47.34%,showing an increasing trend,with statistically significant differences ( P<0.05).From 2021 to 2023,the detection rates of vision abnormalities among children aged 4 to 6 were 4.93%,3.74%,and 3.71%,respectively; the vision correction rates were 68.71%,76.51%,and 86.27%,showing an increasing trend over the years,with statistically significant differences ( P<0.05). Conclusion:The issues of overweight/obesity,dental caries,and vision abnormalities remain significant among children aged 3-6 in Changping District,Beijing.There is a need for continued attention to the physical examinations of preschool children and to further strengthen the prevention and control of common diseases in preschoolers to ensure their healthy growth.

Objective:To establish a sterility test method for epinastine hydrochloride eye drops.Methods:Accord-ing to the Pharmacopoeia ofthe People's Republic ofChina 2020,the sterility test method of this product was estab-lished by membrane filtration method,polysorbate 80 was selected as the neutralizing agent,and the washing amount was screened to establish the sterility test method of this variety.Results:Taking 0.1%sterile peptone aqueous solu-tion containing 1%polysorbate 80 as the flushing solution,the flushing volume is 100 mL each time,and the total flushing volume of each membrane is 500 mL,which can eliminate the antibacterial effect.Conclusion:This method can effectively remove the bacteriostasis of epinastine hydrochloride eye drops,and is suitable for the sterility inspec-tion of this variety.

Objective:To investigate the clinical features and prognosis of neonatal patients with congenital idiopathic vocal cord paralysis (VCP).Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on the general condition,clinical manifestations,auxiliary examinations,complications,treatment,and follow-up of 41 cases of congenital idiopathic VCP at the Neonatal Center,Xi'an Children's Hospital,from January 2018 to June 2023.Patients were divided into unilateral vocal cord paralysis (UVCP) and bilateral vocal cord paralysis (BVCP) groups based on the side of the affected vocal cord.The Fisher exact test or Mann-Whitney U test was employed to compare the follow-up indicators between the two groups. Results:A total of 41 cases (26 males,15 females) were included.All were full-term infants with a mean birth weight of (3 240.0±553.9) g.The median age at first visit was 3.0 (1.0,12.5) days.All 41 cases exhibited varying degrees of hoarseness,with 33 (80.5%) experiencing inspiratory stridor,10 (24.4%) having feeding difficulties,and 9 (22.0%) presenting with dyspnea and cyanosis.Serum vitamin D levels were found to be deficient or insufficient in 19 of 24 (79.2%) cases.Eighteen (43.9%) cases were misdiagnosed,and 4 (9.8%) cases were missed.Seven (17.1%) cases were complicated by laryngomalacia.Among the 33 (80.5%) cases in the UVCP group,30 (73.2%) exhibited left VCP and 3 (7.3%) had right VCP.Eight (19.5%) cases were classified in the BVCP group.Nine patients required respiratory support,with 2 undergoing tracheotomy.Ten patients with feeding difficulties received tube feeding,and some underwent swallowing and sucking training.A total of 37 (90.2%) cases were followed up for a median of 2 (1,5) months; 29 (78.4%) had no symptoms,4 (10.8%) showed symptom improvement,2 (5.4%) had persistent symptoms,and 2 (5.4%) died due to treatment interruption.The rates of symptom disappearance and improvement in the UVCP group were significantly higher than those in the BVCP group,while the rate of symptom persistence and mortality were significantly lower in the UVCP group (83.3% vs.57.1%,13.3% vs.0,0 vs.28.6%,3.3% vs.14.3%, P<0.05).No statistically significant difference was found between the two groups regarding the age of symptom disappearance ( P>0.05). Conclusion:Neonatal congenital idiopathic VCP is more prevalent among full-term infants,with most cases presenting hoarseness,vitamin D deficiency,and some associated with laryngomalacia.The condition is often misdiagnosed or missed,but most cases demonstrate a favorable prognosis.

Objective:To analyze the nutritional development status and trends of preschool children aged 3-6 in Changping District,Beijing.Methods:The physical examination informations of preschool children aged 3-6 from over 180 kindergartens who participated in physical examinations in Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital of Changping District from 2021 to 2023 were collected retrospectively.The malnutrition,vision examination and dental caries of children with different ages across these years were compared.Results:A total of 135 215 children underwent physical examinations from 2021 to 2023,with 43 098 cases in 2021,45 985 cases in 2022,and 46 132 cases in 2023.Among them,there were 601 cases (0.44%) of malnutrition (including underweight,stunted growth,and wasting),and 13 512 cases (9.99%) of excessive nutrition (including overweight and obesity).The prevalence rates of overweight were 7.19%,5.56%,and 5.28% for the years 2021,2022,and 2023,respectively,with the highest rate in 2021; the obesity rates were 4.41%,3.79%,and 3.85% for the same years,also with the highest rate in 2021.The differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05).The analysis of overweight and obese children of different ages in 2021 showed that the highest rate of overweight was in 3-year-olds (8.33%, P<0.05),and the highest rate of obesity was in 6-year-olds (6.19%, P<0.05).The detection rates of dental caries were 51.97%,39.14%,and 49.68%; the total caries treatment rates were 39.39%,43.09%,and 47.34%,showing an increasing trend,with statistically significant differences ( P<0.05).From 2021 to 2023,the detection rates of vision abnormalities among children aged 4 to 6 were 4.93%,3.74%,and 3.71%,respectively; the vision correction rates were 68.71%,76.51%,and 86.27%,showing an increasing trend over the years,with statistically significant differences ( P<0.05). Conclusion:The issues of overweight/obesity,dental caries,and vision abnormalities remain significant among children aged 3-6 in Changping District,Beijing.There is a need for continued attention to the physical examinations of preschool children and to further strengthen the prevention and control of common diseases in preschoolers to ensure their healthy growth.

Objective:To investigate the management effectiveness of the integrated service mode of community cerebrovascular disease specialty and general practice team on stroke management.Methods:This was a randomized controlled trial. Patients with non-acute stroke who visited Fangzhuang Community Health Service Center in Fengtai District, Beijing between September 2022 and January 2023 were enrolled and randomly assigned to an integrated specialist-primary care group and a control group using a random number table method. Baseline clinical data were collected. Patients in the integrated specialist-primary care group received a collaborative care model combining stroke specialty services and primary care teams, while the control group received routine care. Neurological status, mental status, medical adherence, cognitive function, and psychological status were assessed using standardized scales at baseline, followed by evaluations every 3 months for 1 year, totaling 5 assessments.Results:A total of 142 non-acute stroke patients were included, with 71 in the specialist-primary care integrated service group, aged (69.5±7.6) years, including 43 males (60.56%), and 71 in the control group, aged (68.8±8.5) years, including 38 males (53.52%). There were no statistically significant differences in baseline clinical characteristics such as age, sex, and body mass index between the two groups (all P>0.05). Prior to the intervention, there were no statistically significant differences in the Mini-Mental State Examination scores between the two groups ( P>0.05). However, at 3, 6, 9, and 12 months post-intervention, the scores of the specialist-primary care integrated service group were significantly higher than those of the control group (all P<0.05). Before the intervention, there were no statistically significant differences between the two groups in the scores on Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale and Patient Health Questionnaire Depression Scale (all P>0.05). At 6, 9, and 12 months post-intervention, the scores on these two scales for the specialist-primary care integrated service group were significantly lower than those of the control group (all P<0.05). There were no statistically significant differences in adherence behavior scores between the two groups before the intervention ( P>0.05), but at 6, 9, and 12 months post-intervention, the adherence behavior scores of the specialist-primary care integrated service group were significantly higher than those of the control group (all P<0.05). Conclusions:The integrated service mode of cerebrovascular disease specialists and general practice teams can effectively improve cognitive function, anxiety, depression, and compliance behavior, and is more conducive to the recovery of stroke patients in the community, which has popularization value.