Using the lipidomics method based on UHPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap/MS, the change of phospholipid metabolism in lung tissue of mice induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute lung injury was analyzed to observe the regulation of abnormal lipids by Jiegeng Decoction and to explore the regulation effect of Jiegeng Decoction on LPS-induced acute lung injury. The lung tissue samples from control group, model group, dexamethasone (positive drug) group, and Jiegeng Decoction group were collected and the lipid components of the sample were extracted. All procedures over mice were performed in accordance with the Guidelines for Care and Use of Laboratory Animals of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, and the experiments were approved by the Animal Ethics Committee of our university. The lipidomics technique of UHPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap/MS was used to study change of phospholipids in lung tissue of each group. LPS induced acute lung injury in mice with metabolic abnormalities of phospholipids, the specific performance of the PC was significantly upregulated, phosphatidyl ethanolamine (PE), phosphatidyl glycerol (PG), phosphatidyl serine (PS),phosphatidylinositol (PI) and other metabolic disorders, Jiegeng Decoction have a certain role in these phospholipids. LPS-induced acute lung injury caused disturbances of phospholipid in vivo, and Jiegeng Decoction regulates metabolic phospholipids.

Herpes zoster (HZ) is more common in middle-aged and elderly people, and is caused by varicella-zoster virus (VZV) that is latent in sensory ganglia. In recent years, due to various reasons, especially the aging of China's population has become more serious, the incidence of HZ in China has risen sharply. Although HZ is self-limited, its complications will still reduce the quality of life of patients and increase the economic burden of patients' families and society. In order to reduce the incidence and improve the quality of life of the elderly in their later years, the development of safe and effective HZ vaccine may be an important and effective measure. This article aims to make a brief review of the progress in research for clinical trials of HZ vaccines, so as to provide a reference for the use of HZ vaccine and the prevention and control of HZ disease in China.

Objective: The classical formula of Dingxiang Shiditang can be used for hiccup and vomit which caused by many reasons,its molecular mechanism of this formula was investigated.Method: Based on the integrated pharmacology platform of traditional Chinese medicine,the potential molecular mechanism of Dingxiang Shiditang was revealed from the dimensions of multi-components and multi-targets.Result: There were 89 compounds related to hiccup and vomit of Dingxiang Shiditang,and there was 1 common target[cannabinoid receptor 1(CNR1)].On the one hand,CNR1 could inhibit the occurrence of hiccup and vomit by inhibiting the release of γ-aminobutyric acid(GABA),dopamine,5-hydroxytryptamine(5-HT);on the other hand,CNR1 could inhibit gastrointestinal motility and delay gastric emptying,and it was speculated that CNR1 may play a role in regulating gastrointestinal motility through brain-gut axis.Meanwhile,the mechanism of Dingxiang Shiditang may be related to nucleotide metabolism and nervous system.Conclusion: Dingxiang Shiditang may regulate gastrointestinal motility by affecting the release of neurotransmitters,mitochondrial energy metabolism,and achieve its effect on hiccup and vomit based on the joint intervention of multiple targets and multiple pathways.

BACKGROUND: Mechanisms undelying diagnosis and treatment of arthritis can be analyzed by metabonomics to study the metabolites. The combination of metabonomics and bibliometrics can systematically clarify the research status of osteoarthritis. OBJECTIVE: To analyze and summarize the research status of metabonimics in arthritis, and to prospect the future tendency. METHODS: CNKI, VIP, WanFang, CBM, PubMed, EBSCO, Web of Science and Elsevier databases were searched for the articles addressing the metabonimics in arthritis published before May 2017. The keywords were "metabolomics and arthritis" in English and Chinese, respectively. Initially 201 articles were retrieved, and finally 59 articles were included based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria for basic information and result analysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Literature of metabonomics on arthritis began to be reported from 2007, and the number of literature increased with time. (2) The first author's affiliations were concentrated in universities 37(63%), hospitals 15 (25%) and institutes 7 (12%). (3) The articles included 44 articles from journals (75%), 12 dissertation (19%), 4 conference papers (7%), and the 44 papers were published in 38 kinds of journals. (4) Totally 36 articles were funded, 29 articles (49%) funded by the National Natural Science Foundation, 18 (31%) funded by department-level foundation, 10 (17%) funded by provincial foundation, 5 (8%) foreign foundation and 5 (8%) funded by school foundation. (5) The types of arthritis were mainly rheumatoid arthritis 40 (68%), osteoarthritis 7 (12%), gouty arthritis 6 (10%) and others 6 (10%). (6) The main research directions were metabonomis on treatment effectiveness 30 (51%), pathogenesis of arthritis 17 (29%), Chinese medicine syndromes 6 (10%) and research progress 6 (10%). (7) Metabolomics samples in the literature included the body fluid samples 53 (90%) and tissue samples 6 (10%). (8) Metabonomics analysis techniques included liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry 33 (56%), nuclear magnetic resonance technology 15 (25%), gas chromatography-mass spectrometry 10 (17%), NMR combined with GC-MS 1 (2%). In summary, metabonomics has been extensively applied in arthritis and has been an issue of concern. Understanding the side events in Chinese medicines for arthritis based on metabonomics can provide reference for the following prospective study and clinical application.

A capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detector for high performance liquid chromatography was developed. The detector was consisted of a signal generator, a signal amplifier, and a pair of tubular electrodes. A plastic connecting tube following the separation column was threaded through the two tubular electrodes. When the separated components passed the region between two tubular electrodes, they would be sensed. The instrumental parameters of this detector were investigated, including the internal diameter of connecting tube,the frequency and voltage of excitation signal, electrodes length, and the gap between two electrodes. The 0.5 mm of internal diameter of connecting tube, 70 kHz of excitation frequency, 60 V of excitation voltage,10 mm of electrodes length and 1.5 mm of gap between two electrodes were finally found to be the best working conditions for the detector. This HPLC-C4D(capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detector) was applied to the analysis of oleic and linoleic acids in Brucea javanica oil. The chromatographic peak area was linear with concentration for oleic and linoleic acids in 5-1000 μg/mL, and the limit of detection reached 2.5 μg/mL and 1.0 μg/mL,respectively. The results demonstrate that the present method is sensitive and accurate, proving this homemade contactless conductivity detector has a great application potential for pharmaceutical analysis in future development.

By comparing the effects of soil pH on the efficiency of mycorrhizal symbiosis on Salvia miltiorrhiza， the study is aimed to provide guidance for the use of mycorrhiza in the cultivation of S. miltiorrhiza. In this experiment, the inoculant treated and the non-inoculant treated control were grown in different soil pH. The data was collected after 60 days of cultivation including rate of mycorrhizal infection, biomass, and three chemical constituents with known medicinal action. The results showed that Glomus versiforme was more apt to infect S. miltiorrhiza (F>94.00%; M>69.45%; m>73.66%) and promote the growth of S. miltiorrhiza under pH 5-9 soil. The mycorrhizal contribution to the growth of S. miltiorrhiza was the highest when grown in pH 8 soil. Plants grown with mycorrhiza in pH 8 soil had above-ground biomass more than 2 times and root biomass more than 5 times. The uninoculated plants grew better under acidic and neutral conditions, but the inoculated plants grew better under alkaline (pH 8) conditions. This result showed mycorrhiza can play a role in the adaptability of S. miltiorrhiza to the environment. Inoculation of mycorrhiza significantly increased the accumulation of rosmarinic acid, salvianolic acid B, and dihydrotanshinone by 6.59,5.03 and 2.20-folds. Based on our results alkaline soil (pH 8) is most suitable for the cultivation of S. miltiorrhiza by inoculation with the mycorrhiza G. versiforme.

Objective To explore the characteristics of gene sequence of mtDNA-COⅠof Culex pipiens pallens from differ-ent geographical regions in Shandong Province and different resistant strains from the lab and five common mosquito species, and analyze the genetic diversity of these mosquitoes.Methods Adult mosquitoes were collected from Jinan,Jining,Qingdao cities and other places in Shandong Province.The sensitive,dichlorvos-resistant,pyrethroid-resistant and propoxur-resistant strains were reared in the lab.Five species of mosquito(Cx.pipiens pallens,Cx.tritaeniorhynchus,Anopheles sinensis,Aedes al-bopictus,and Armigeres subalbatus)were collected from Jining City and identified in the lab.mtDNA-COⅠwas specifically am-plified by PCR and sequenced.The gene sequences were compared and analyzed by the biological information systems,and the phylogenetic tree was constructed.Results The amplified mtDNA-COⅠfragments of Cx.pipiens pallens from eight different cit-ies and four different resistant strains were 528 bp in length,with 67.4% A+T contents and two mutation sites.The nucleotide se-quence homology among the different geographic strains was 99.95% and the gene sequences of the four resistant strains were the same,showing a high homogeny.The amplified mtDNA-COⅠfragments of the five species of mosquitoes were 528 bp with 408 conserved sites,120 variable sites,42 parsimony informative sites and 78 singleton sites. The A+T contents were between 65.7% and 68.0%.The nucleotide sequence homology among the different mosquito species was between 86.17% and 92.05%,and the molecular identification was consistent with the traditional morphological identification. The molecular phylogenetic study showed that the different species were clustered at their own branch at the species and genus levels,while genera Armiger-es was distantly related to the others.Conclusion mtDNA-COⅠcould not serve as the molecular marker to analyze the popula-tion genetic variation and phylogenesis of Cx.pipiens pallens from different geographical regions and different resistant strains, but it has species and genus specificities,which could be used for the identification of the mosquito species and genus.

Objective To investigate the seasonal fluctuations of mosquitoes in Taibai Lake area of Jining City,and evaluate the application effects of two mosquito trapping tools(Gongfu Xiaoshuai mosquito lamp and WJ-C mosquito sampler),so as to provide references for the effective surveillance,prevention and control of local mosquito vectors.Methods The overnight cap-ture of mosquitoes with a man-bait net trap,Gongfu Xiaoshuai mosquito lamp,and WJ-C mosquito sampler was performed to col-lect mosquitoes.The species of adult mosquitoes and seasonal fluctuations were investigated and analyzed.Results A total of 10 914 mosquitoes belonging to 13 species,5 genera were collected with the overnight capture of mosquitoes with the man-bait net trap,and Culex tritaeniorhynchus,Cx.pipiens palllen and Mansonia uniformis were the dominant species,accounting for 77.41％of the total.The proportion of Coquillettidia ochracea increased significantly.All the adult mosquitoes appeared in June,and reached the density peak in July and August.Both of the two surveillance tools showed relatively sensitive capture perfor-mance against mosquitoes.The trapping results of WJ-C mosquito sampler were basically the same as the man-bait trapping meth-od,however,the amount of Mansonia uniformis and Coquillettidia ochracea collected by Gongfu Xiaoshuai mosquito lamp was significantly lower than that of the man-bait trapping method.Conclusions The mosquito species are varied in Taibai Lake area of Jining City.Therefore,monitoring should be strengthened.In addition,the two mosquito trapping tools are sensitive,but they have both advantages and disadvantages,thus we should better pay attention to the consistency of monitoring methods in use.

Objective To establish a method for content determination of total flavones and polysaccharides in Hedysari Radix in different producing areas in Gansu Province.Methods The contents of total flavones and polysaccharides in Hedysari Radix in different producing areas in Gansu Province were determined by ultraviolet spectroscopy with calycosin-7-glucoside and glucose as reference substance, and the wavelength was set at 260 nm and 484 nm.Results The contents were from 2.82 mg/g to 6.79 mg/g for total flavones and from 106.14 mg/g to 746.40 mg/g for total polysaccharides in Hedysari Radix in different producing areas in Gansu Province. The recoveries of total flavones and total polysaccharides were 97.96％ and 102.90％, respectively.Conclusion There was difference in contents of total flavones and polysaccharides of Hedysari Radix in different producing areas in Gansu Province, and the method of using ultraviolet spectroscopy is simple, reproducible, accurate and reliable, which can be preferably used as the method for content determination of total flavones and polysaccharides in Hedysari Radix.

By using the integrated pharmacology platform and the big data of traditional Chinese medicine combined with the pharmacology thinking of "principle-recipe-composition-target-pathway-activity" in this study, we predicted the material basis and mechanisms of Bupleuri Radix and Scutellariae Radix drug pair for the treatment of diabetes. Fifty-nine active components were predicted, which included saponins, flavones, essential oil, fatty acids and so on. They acted on twenty-two direct targets and twenty-six main pathways respectively.The known disease targets of diabetes include arginine vasopressin receptor gene (AVP), retinoblastoma (RB1), receptor active modified protein (RAMP), platelet growth factor receptor (PDGFR), insulin receptor (INSR), α-glucosidase (GAA), etc. The pathways with diabetes effect involves endocrine system, circulatory system, digestive system, thyroid hormone signaling pathway, ErbB signaling pathway, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, lipid metabolism and other related biological processes and metabolic pathways. The results of virtual screening in molecular docking technology indicate that flavonoids from Bupleuri Radix and Scutellariae Radix drug pair can easily form good docking mode and high affinity with peroxisome proliferators activated receptor γ (PPAR-γ) and glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β), showing antidiabetic activity. The study provides information for the treatment of diabetes by Bupleuri Radix and Scutellariae Radix drug pair, and a new thought for the study of drug pair and complex prescription.