Bone is a highly calcified and vascularized tissue. The vascular system plays a vital role in supporting bone growth and repair, such as the provision of nutrients, growth factors, and metabolic waste transfer. Moreover, the additional functions of the bone vasculature, such as the secretion of various factors and the regulation of bone-related signaling pathways, are essential for maintaining bone health. In the bone microenvironment, bone tissue cells play a critical role in regulating angiogenesis, including osteoblasts, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), and osteoclasts. Osteogenesis and bone angiogenesis are closely linked. The decrease in osteogenesis and bone angiogenesis caused by aging leads to osteoporosis. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are involved in various physiological processes, including osteogenesis and angiogenesis. Recent studies have shown that lncRNAs could mediate the crosstalk between angiogenesis and osteogenesis. However, the mechanism by which lncRNAs regulate angiogenesis‒osteogenesis crosstalk remains unclear. In this review, we describe in detail the ways in which lncRNAs regulate the crosstalk between osteogenesis and angiogenesis to promote bone health, aiming to provide new directions for the study of the mechanism by which lncRNAs regulate bone metabolism.
RNA, Long Noncoding/physiology* ; Osteogenesis/physiology* ; Humans ; Neovascularization, Physiologic/genetics* ; Bone and Bones/metabolism* ; Animals ; Mesenchymal Stem Cells ; Signal Transduction ; Osteoblasts ; Osteoclasts ; Angiogenesis

Objective To explore the effect of exercise under cold exposure on hepatic protein ki-nase B(AKT)/forkhead box O1(FoxO1)expression in obese rats.Methods Among rats successfully induced nutritional obesity by high-fat diet,forty were selected and randomly divided into a normal-temperature control group(NC,n=10),a normal-temperature exercise group(NE,n=10),a sus-tained-cold control group(SC,n=10),and a sustained-cold exercise group(SE,n=10).The normal temperature was kept at 25°C±1°C,while the low temperature remained at 4°C±1°C,with 50%to 60%relative humidity.The exercise protocol was every other day at a speed of 25 m/min for 2 sets of 30 min each,with an interval of 10 minutes.After 5 weeks,glucose and insulin tolerance were tested by oral glucose tolerance test(OGTT)and insulin tolerance test insulin tolerance test(ITT).Then,all rats were weighed and sacrificed,then taken blood from the abdominal aorta to sepa-rate serum,followed by detection of serum alanine aminotransferase(ALT)and aspartate aminotransfer-ase(AST)levels using fully automatic biochemical analyzer.Moreover,livers were weighed to calcu-late the liver index.Meanwhile,the mRNA expressions of hepatic AKT,FoxO1 and PEPCK were de-tected using RT-qPCR,while the protein expressions of AKT,phosphorylated protein kinase B(p-AKT),and FoxO1 in the liver were measured using Western blotting.Results(1)The average body weights of the NE,SC and SE groups were significantly lower than the NC group(P<0.01),with that of the SC and SE groups significantly lower than the NE group(P<0.01).(2)Compared with the NC group,the area under the OGTT curve of the SC group decreased(P<0.01).Moreover,the area under the ITT curve of the SE group was significantly lower than the other 3 groups(P<0.01,P<0.01,P<0.05),with that of the NE and SC groups significantly lower than the NC group(P<0.05,P<0.01).(3)The liver indices of the NE,SC and SE groups were all significantly lower than the NC group(P<0.01),while the serum ALT level of the NE group was significantly lower than the NC and SE groups(P<0.05),with that of the SC group significantly lower than the NC group(P<0.01).(4)Compared with the NC group,hepatic AKT mRNA expression increased significantly in the SE group(P<0.05),while the hepatic FoxO1 and PEPCK mRNA expression decreased significantly in the other three groups(P<0.01).(5)Compared with the NC group,the liver AKT protein phosphorylation levels were significantly higher in the other three groups(P<0.05,P<0.05,P<0.01),while the FoxO1 protein expression decreased significantly(P<0.05,P<0.01,P<0.01).(6)Body mass,liver FoxO1,PEPCK mRNA expression,AKT protein phosphorylation level and FoxO1 protein expression level of obese rats were affected by cold exposure,exercise and cold exposure+exercise,and the liver index and serum ALT level were done by exercise and cold exposure+exercise.However,the area un-der the ITT curve and liver AKT mRNA content were impacted by cold exposure and exercise,while that under the OGTT curve was influenced by cold exposure and cold exposure+exercise.Conclu-sion Exercise under cold exposure can activate hepatic AKT/FoxO1 signaling pathway,protect liver function,increase insulin sensitivity,and effectively improve glucose metabolism in obese rats.

Objective To explore the effect of exercise under cold exposure on hepatic protein ki-nase B(AKT)/forkhead box O1(FoxO1)expression in obese rats.Methods Among rats successfully induced nutritional obesity by high-fat diet,forty were selected and randomly divided into a normal-temperature control group(NC,n=10),a normal-temperature exercise group(NE,n=10),a sus-tained-cold control group(SC,n=10),and a sustained-cold exercise group(SE,n=10).The normal temperature was kept at 25°C±1°C,while the low temperature remained at 4°C±1°C,with 50%to 60%relative humidity.The exercise protocol was every other day at a speed of 25 m/min for 2 sets of 30 min each,with an interval of 10 minutes.After 5 weeks,glucose and insulin tolerance were tested by oral glucose tolerance test(OGTT)and insulin tolerance test insulin tolerance test(ITT).Then,all rats were weighed and sacrificed,then taken blood from the abdominal aorta to sepa-rate serum,followed by detection of serum alanine aminotransferase(ALT)and aspartate aminotransfer-ase(AST)levels using fully automatic biochemical analyzer.Moreover,livers were weighed to calcu-late the liver index.Meanwhile,the mRNA expressions of hepatic AKT,FoxO1 and PEPCK were de-tected using RT-qPCR,while the protein expressions of AKT,phosphorylated protein kinase B(p-AKT),and FoxO1 in the liver were measured using Western blotting.Results(1)The average body weights of the NE,SC and SE groups were significantly lower than the NC group(P<0.01),with that of the SC and SE groups significantly lower than the NE group(P<0.01).(2)Compared with the NC group,the area under the OGTT curve of the SC group decreased(P<0.01).Moreover,the area under the ITT curve of the SE group was significantly lower than the other 3 groups(P<0.01,P<0.01,P<0.05),with that of the NE and SC groups significantly lower than the NC group(P<0.05,P<0.01).(3)The liver indices of the NE,SC and SE groups were all significantly lower than the NC group(P<0.01),while the serum ALT level of the NE group was significantly lower than the NC and SE groups(P<0.05),with that of the SC group significantly lower than the NC group(P<0.01).(4)Compared with the NC group,hepatic AKT mRNA expression increased significantly in the SE group(P<0.05),while the hepatic FoxO1 and PEPCK mRNA expression decreased significantly in the other three groups(P<0.01).(5)Compared with the NC group,the liver AKT protein phosphorylation levels were significantly higher in the other three groups(P<0.05,P<0.05,P<0.01),while the FoxO1 protein expression decreased significantly(P<0.05,P<0.01,P<0.01).(6)Body mass,liver FoxO1,PEPCK mRNA expression,AKT protein phosphorylation level and FoxO1 protein expression level of obese rats were affected by cold exposure,exercise and cold exposure+exercise,and the liver index and serum ALT level were done by exercise and cold exposure+exercise.However,the area un-der the ITT curve and liver AKT mRNA content were impacted by cold exposure and exercise,while that under the OGTT curve was influenced by cold exposure and cold exposure+exercise.Conclu-sion Exercise under cold exposure can activate hepatic AKT/FoxO1 signaling pathway,protect liver function,increase insulin sensitivity,and effectively improve glucose metabolism in obese rats.

Objective:To evaluate the short-term rehabilitation effect of wearable visual training devices based on extended reality (XR) glasses in patients after macular hole surgery.Methods:A self-controlled study was conducted.Eleven patients with monocular low vision after macular hole surgery were recruited at Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University from October 2022 to March 2024.All patients underwent biofeedback training for 3 months using the independently developed visual rehabilitation training glasses LOOKBON T10.The LogMAR best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), retinal sensitivity, effective fixation rate, fixation stability, reading speed, vertical metamorphopsia (MV), horizontal metamorphopsia (MH), and Chinese version of the visual-related quality of life assessment form (CVRQoL-25) were compared before and after training.This study adhered to the Declaration of Helsinki.The study protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University (No.WDRY2024-K263).Written informed consent was obtained from each subject.Results:After training, the patients' BCVA, retinal sensitivity, effective fixation rate, fixation stability, and reading speed were 0.69±0.19, (21.61±2.75)db, (92.43±4.06)%, (93.09±4.31)%, and (104.82±21.85) characters/minute, respectively, which were significantly improved compared to 0.85±0.28, (17.71±3.17)db, (31.83±19.05)%, (32.35±19.12)%, and (69.64±20.17) characters/minute before training ( t=5.253, -5.987, -11.561, -12.003, -11.682; all at P<0.001).After training, MV and MH were (0.29±0.20)° and (0.21±0.24)°, respectively, which were significantly reduced compared to pre-training (0.44±0.24)° and (0.43±0.41)° ( t=9.238, 4.068; both at P<0.01).After training, the CVRQoL-25 score was 1 193.18±229.43, which was significantly higher than pre-training 947.73±203.86 ( t=-11.687, P<0.001). Conclusions:The application of wearable visual training equipment based on XR glasses can effectively improve the visual function of patients with poor visual function recovery after macular hole surgery, and enhance their quality of life.

Objective:To analyze the situation of off-label drug use in fertility clinic of one hospital to provide scientific evidence for clinical rational drug use and further standardize the behavior of off-label drug use in clinical physicians. Methods:The outpatient prescriptions in the reproductive center of the hospital during January and December in 2016 were randomly selected, the off-label drug use prescriptions were statistically analyzed according to the drug package inserts, and the rationality of the off-label drug use were e-valuated by searching the related literatures. Results:A total of 4176 off-label drug use prescriptions were collected, the primary types of off-label drug use were off-label indication, off-label dose and off-label administration. The top 3 drugs with off-label use were aspi-rin enteric-coated tablets (42. 05%), dydrogesterone tablets (27. 37%) and levocarnitine oral solution (16. 02%). The most of off-label use was supported by evidence-based medicines, while unreasonable use still existed. Conclusion: Off-label drug use is very common in the reproductive center of the hospital. The hospital should pay more attention to the phenomenon and establish relevant management system to standardize the behavior of off-label drug use in order to reduce the legal risk and promote clinical rational drug use.

Objective:To analyze the situation of off-label drug use in fertility clinic of one hospital to provide scientific evidence for clinical rational drug use and further standardize the behavior of off-label drug use in clinical physicians. Methods:The outpatient prescriptions in the reproductive center of the hospital during January and December in 2016 were randomly selected, the off-label drug use prescriptions were statistically analyzed according to the drug package inserts, and the rationality of the off-label drug use were e-valuated by searching the related literatures. Results:A total of 4176 off-label drug use prescriptions were collected, the primary types of off-label drug use were off-label indication, off-label dose and off-label administration. The top 3 drugs with off-label use were aspi-rin enteric-coated tablets (42. 05%), dydrogesterone tablets (27. 37%) and levocarnitine oral solution (16. 02%). The most of off-label use was supported by evidence-based medicines, while unreasonable use still existed. Conclusion: Off-label drug use is very common in the reproductive center of the hospital. The hospital should pay more attention to the phenomenon and establish relevant management system to standardize the behavior of off-label drug use in order to reduce the legal risk and promote clinical rational drug use.

BACKGROUND:The phenomenon of atrophy or reduction of muscle, causing degenerative changes of muscle functions, appears along with age. Sports training, in which muscle satelite cels are of great importance, is beneficial to increase in muscle mass and improvement of muscle function.
OBJECTIVE: To summarize regulatory mechanism of satelite cels in skeletal muscle mass; changes of satelite muscle cels in the degenerative process of muscle mass and strength; declining and reverse effects of sports training intervention; situations and problems of current research and prospective of the future.
METHODS:A computer-based online search was conducted in PubMed database by using the key words of “sarcopenia, skeletal muscle, satelite cels” from 1986 to 2015. The language was limited to English. The eligible papers were further analyzed and reviewed.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:A total of 168 papers were screened. Finaly, 39 papers were selected according to the titles and objectives. Skeletal muscle atrophy is shown as II type muscle fiber atrophy, and the II type muscle fiber satelite cel content decreases simultaneously. Exercise is beneficial to increase muscle mass and improve muscle function in older people. Both resistance and endurance trainings can increase the skeletal muscle, especialy the II muscle fiber satelite cel content with a further increase in the satelite cel activation and proliferation. The number and activation degree of satelite cels are related to muscle aging, and satelite cels and proliferation factors regulate muscle cel formation. Therefore, future researches should not only focus on the increase of satelite cel bank, but also explore effective ways to promote the activation of satelite cels, such as exercise training, nutrition and drugs.

Objective:To analyze the rationality of off-label drug use in nephritic syndrome prescriptions to provide scientific basis for clinical rational drug use and further regulate the off-label drug use in our hospital. Methods:Totally 1 908 outpatient prescriptions of nephritic syndrome selected from our hospital during November 2014 to April 2015 were analyzed, and all the off-label drugs were listed . The rationality of the off-label drug use was analyzed and evaluated by searching the related kidney disease guidelines and litera-tures. Results:The off-label drug use of tacrolimus capsules, mycophenolate mofetil capsules, cyclophosphamide for injection, ciclos-porin soft capsules, dipyridamole tablets, hydroxychloroquine sulfate tablets and warfarin sodium tablets were recommended by domes-tic and overseas guidelines with better evidence of evidence-based medicines. Tripterygium glycosides tablets and leflunomide tablets were supported by the literatures on clinical studies at home and abroad. The above 9 kinds of off-label drugs were rational drug use. Lumbrokinase enteric-coated capsules, salvia miltiorrhiza and ligustrazine injection and pidotimod dispersible tablets were reported only by a handful of journals. Bacteria lysate capsules and boric acid powder had no related information support, which belonged to the em-pirical prescriptions of physicians. The above 5 kinds of off-label drugs were not rational drug use. Conclusion:It is a widely existing phenomenon that the medication in nephrotic syndrome is beyond the instruction, the most of off-label drug use are reasonable, and cli-nicians should prescribe medicines carefully. Our hospital needs to further standardize the management of off-label drug use supported by higher evidence in order to improve the level of clinical rational drug use and the reasonable rate of prescriptions.

Objective To test the reliability and validity of the brief International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) core sets for Chinese stroke patients using Rasch model analysis. Methods The body functions of 38 Chinese stroke patients were measured using the brief ICF core sets. The qualifiers of the 20items were measured by two raters and analyzed using FACETS statistical software. The intra-rater reliability and validity were tested by using the separation index and separation reliability and fit analysis. Results The brief ICF core sets had good internal consistency and reliability (person separation index = 6.02, person separation reliability = 0.94 ) with these Chinese patients. The raters showed significantly different strictness in rating, but their ratings had good internal self-consistency. The construct validity was good for the body functions of the ICF component ( separation index = 10.50, separation reliability = 0.80) , but misfitting and overfitting were found in items b117, b152and b755. Conclusion The body function of the brief ICF core sets has good reliability and validity for Chinese stroke patients. A many-facet Rasch measurement model can provide comprehensive information and has good application prospects for testing the reliability and validity of ICF core sets.

Objective To identify the metabolite levels in prefrontal lobe and thalamus in patients of schizophrenia with proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS). Methods Twenty-six schizophrenics with medicine-free for at least 7 d and 28 normal controls were assessed in this study. All subjects underwent examination of multi-voxel 1H-MRS on prefrontal lobe and thalamus within 24 h. The NAA, Cho and Cr were measured and the ratios of NAA/Cr, Cho/Cr and NAA/(Cho+Cr) were determined. Results Compared with the controls, the NAA/Cr ratio of schizophrenics was significantly lower in left prefrontal lobe and bilateral thalamus (all P＜0.05). No statistical difference of NAA/(Cho+Cr) ratio and the Cho/Cr ratio was found between two groups. Conclusion Abnormalities in neuronal function and/or integrity are present at left prefrontal lobe and bilateral thalamus simultaneously in schizophrenics.