Objective To investigate the current status of hypertension in the old adults living in urban city and rural areas in Qinghai Plateau and analyze the related influencing factors in order to provide data and evidence for targeted formulation of preventive and control measures for the pop-ulation.Methods Cluster-random sampling was used to subject 1372 elderly people(aged ≥60 years)from 8 urban areas and 25 natural villages in Xining City,Qinghai Province.Questionnaires were used to collect their demographic data,body mass index(BMI),history of chronic diseases,and lipid-related indicators.According to complicated with hypertension or not,they were divided into a hypertension group(615 cases)and a non-hypertension group(757 cases).SPSS 26.0 soft-ware was employed to perform statistical analyses with descriptive analysis and multivarlate un-conditional logistic regression analysis.Results Among the 1372 elderly persons,615 participants had hypertension,and the overall prevalence was 44.8％,and that in urban area and rural area was 50.1％and 38.5％,respectively,with significant difference(P＜0.01).Statistical differences were observed between those with and without hypertension in terms of age,BMI,and proportions of coronary heart disease(CHD),diabetes and stroke(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).In the urban populations,there were obvious differences in marital status,BMI,and proportions of CHD and diabetes be-tween those with and without hypertension(P＜0.01).For the rural populations,notable differ-ences were observed in age and proportions of CHD and diabetes between those with and without hypertension(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).Multivariate unconditional logistic regression analysis revealed that urban areas,obesity,CHD and diabetes were risk factors for hypertension in the elderly living in the urban and rural areas(OR=1.622,95％CI:1.299-2.026,P=0.000;OR=0.564,95％CI:0.315-1.006,P=0.042;OR=0.604,95％CI:0.417-0.874,P=0.008;OR=0.472,95％CI:0.328-0.678,P=0.000;OR=0.474,95％CI:0.334-0.673,P=0.000).Obesity,CHD and diabetes were risk factors for hypertension in those in the urban areas(OR=0.553,95％CI:0.317-0.963,P=0.036;OR=0.506,95％CI:0.320-0.800,P=0.004;OR=0.458,95％CI:0.303-0.692,P=0.000),and CHD and diabetes were risk factors in those in the rural areas(OR=0.382,95％CI:0.219-0.666,P=0.001;OR=0.452,95％CI:0.253-0.807,P=0.007).Conclusion There is sig-nificant difference in the prevalence of hypertension between the elderly living in the urban city and rural areas in Qinghai Plateau.The old adults with overweight,obesity,and complication of CHD and diabetes are prone to developing hypertension.

Objective To investigate the current status of hypertension in the old adults living in urban city and rural areas in Qinghai Plateau and analyze the related influencing factors in order to provide data and evidence for targeted formulation of preventive and control measures for the pop-ulation.Methods Cluster-random sampling was used to subject 1372 elderly people(aged ≥60 years)from 8 urban areas and 25 natural villages in Xining City,Qinghai Province.Questionnaires were used to collect their demographic data,body mass index(BMI),history of chronic diseases,and lipid-related indicators.According to complicated with hypertension or not,they were divided into a hypertension group(615 cases)and a non-hypertension group(757 cases).SPSS 26.0 soft-ware was employed to perform statistical analyses with descriptive analysis and multivarlate un-conditional logistic regression analysis.Results Among the 1372 elderly persons,615 participants had hypertension,and the overall prevalence was 44.8％,and that in urban area and rural area was 50.1％and 38.5％,respectively,with significant difference(P＜0.01).Statistical differences were observed between those with and without hypertension in terms of age,BMI,and proportions of coronary heart disease(CHD),diabetes and stroke(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).In the urban populations,there were obvious differences in marital status,BMI,and proportions of CHD and diabetes be-tween those with and without hypertension(P＜0.01).For the rural populations,notable differ-ences were observed in age and proportions of CHD and diabetes between those with and without hypertension(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).Multivariate unconditional logistic regression analysis revealed that urban areas,obesity,CHD and diabetes were risk factors for hypertension in the elderly living in the urban and rural areas(OR=1.622,95％CI:1.299-2.026,P=0.000;OR=0.564,95％CI:0.315-1.006,P=0.042;OR=0.604,95％CI:0.417-0.874,P=0.008;OR=0.472,95％CI:0.328-0.678,P=0.000;OR=0.474,95％CI:0.334-0.673,P=0.000).Obesity,CHD and diabetes were risk factors for hypertension in those in the urban areas(OR=0.553,95％CI:0.317-0.963,P=0.036;OR=0.506,95％CI:0.320-0.800,P=0.004;OR=0.458,95％CI:0.303-0.692,P=0.000),and CHD and diabetes were risk factors in those in the rural areas(OR=0.382,95％CI:0.219-0.666,P=0.001;OR=0.452,95％CI:0.253-0.807,P=0.007).Conclusion There is sig-nificant difference in the prevalence of hypertension between the elderly living in the urban city and rural areas in Qinghai Plateau.The old adults with overweight,obesity,and complication of CHD and diabetes are prone to developing hypertension.

Dyslipidemia is an important risk factor of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). Statins delay the occurrence and development of ASCVD, and reduce the risk of cardiovascular events and death. Due to safety concerns, there exist insufficient use of lipid-lowering agents and a high withdrawal rate of the agents in the elderly. To promote the prevention and treatment of ASCVD, this expert consensus is issued and focuses on the management of dyslipidemia of Chinese elderly basing on the clinical evidence of the use of lipid-lowering drugs by the elderly, and the lipid management guidelines and expert consensus recommendations at home and abroad.

Objective To investigate changes in nutritional status in senile dementia patients with malnutrition treated with enteral nutrition combined with rehabilitation therapy evaluated by using the Mini Nutritional Assessment-Short Form(MNA-SF).Methods Fifty hospitalized patients with senile dementia and malnutrition at the internal medicine department of our hospital from July 2014 to July 2017 were enrolled and further divided into an enteral nutrition group(a control group,n =25)and an enteral nutrition combined with rehabilitation therapy group(an observation group,n=25).Anthropometric parameters including body mass index,biceps circumference,calf circumference,triceps skin-fold thickness,and blood biochemical parameters including hemoglobin,total cholesterol,triacylglycerol,albumin,lymphocyte count before and after treatment were compared between the groups.Results Anthropometric parameters such as body mass index,biceps circumference,calf circumference and triceps skin-fold thickness had no significant difference between the two groups before treatment (P ＞ 0.05),while after 30 days of treatment,anthropometric parameters saw improvement in both groups compared with those before treatment,and the improvement was greater in the observation group than in the control group(P ＜0.01).Blood biochemical parameters had no significant difference between the two groups before treatment(P＞0.05).After 30 days of treatment,levels of total cholesterol and triacylglycerol had no significant difference compared with those before treatment or between the two groups(P ＞0.05),while levels of hemoglobin,albumin and lymphocyte count improved compared with those before treatment (t =2.645,2.843,2.967,respectively,P ＜0.01),and had significant differences between the groups (t =2.548,2.864,2.976,respectively,P＜0.01).Conclusions Enteral nutrition combined with rehabilitation therapy has a measurable,positive influence on nutritional status in senile dementia patients with malnutrition.

Objective To compare differences of CSF biochemical index in optic myelitis combined with abnormal signal in craniocerebral MRI with no significant abnormalities in brain MRI.Methods The data of 39 cases who meet the diagnostic criteria of Wingerchuck were collected.The brain MRI and cerebrospinal fluid,blood bio-chemical indexes were retrospectively analyzed.Results There were no statistical differences between two groups of patients in onset age,average age,hospitalization days,the number of red blood cells,white blood cell,hemoglobin, cerebrospinal fluid leukocyte and CSF synthetic index,the total number of cells,cerebrospinal fluid IgG,synthetic rate index of sheath,but the index of blood brain barrier(CSF:serum albumin ratio,AR)of NMO patients with craniocere-bral MRI abnormalities was higher than normal group(P <0.05).Conclusion NMO patients with brain abnormali-ties are common,and cerebral MRI with signs of abnormalities shows a higher AR value,speculated that abnormal brain MRI signal in NMO patients is associated with the damage of blood -brain barrier,investigation of NMO brain MRI performance can improve the diagnosis of the NMO and identification with multiple sclerosis.

Objective To systematically assess the efficiency of colonoscopy screening for the asymptomatic elderly.Methods A search was performed to identify studies related to colonoscopy screening for the aged in Pubmed and Embase.The key words used for the search included colorectal neoplasm, adenoma, screening, elderly, and colonoscopy.The detection rate of colorectal adenomas, advanced adenomas,colorectal cancer in the elderly and non-elderly were extracted.The studies were evaluated and analyzed by software RevMan 5.3.Results Twelve studies involving 312 111 cases were included(25 107 elderly and 287 004 non-elderly).The total AADR of the elderly was 9.97％ ,ADR was 11.33％ ,while CRC detection rate Was 1.79％.The meta-analysis showed that there were significant differences in the AADR(RR =1.57,95％ CI: 1.51-1.64), ADR(RR =1.22, 95％ CI: 1.19-1.25) and CRC detection rate(RR =2.6,95％ CI:2.34-2.90) between the elderly and the younger patients (P ＜ 0.000 01).The detection rate of AADR,ADR, CRC in the elderly were significantly higher than the non-elderly.Conclusion The elderly have higher AADR and CRC detection rate than the younger.But further studies are needed because life expectancy and complications are factors that need to be considered for screening.

BACKGROUNDHypertension (HTN) is a very prevalent public health problem and as the population ages, cognitive impairment (CI) is also going to be a public health burden. However, the relationship between hypertension duration and cognitive function declination worldwide is still unknown. The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of HTN duration on CI in Chinese population.

METHODSAt baseline, 1 386 HTN patients and 293 normotensive (NT) people were enrolled. The HTN patients were further divided into four subgroups (duration of HTN <6 years, 6-10 years, 11-20 years, and >20 years) according to the HTN duration and were screened for cognitive function with neuropsychological tests including mini-mental-state-examination (MMSE) and clock-drawing-test (CDT) in comparison with the NT group.

RESULTSMore HTN patients had CI (45.3%) than NT subjects (30.4%), and increased with HTN duration (P < 0.000 1). Compared with the scores of MMSE and CDT in the NT group, the declines were higher in the HTN patients (P < 0.000 1), and in the four HTN subgroups, both MMSE and CDT scores fall when the HTN duration increased (P < 0.05). Furthermore, in the HTN population without CI, the trend in alteration of CI was relatively mild but still existed (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONPeople with HTN are more likely to have CI and the possibility and aggravation increases the prolongation of HTN duration, both in amnesic and nonamnesic function.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Cognition ; physiology ; Cognition Disorders ; etiology ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Hypertension ; complications ; Male ; Middle Aged

Objective To investigate the present situation on therapy and secondary prevention of coronary heart disease (CHD) in the elderly,and to improve treatment and secondary prevention.Methods Cross sectional,non-intervention and multicenter survey was used in this study.All 7962 effective interviewed cases were with aged ≥60 years from 116 hospitals of 21 provinces and cities during April and July of 2011.Among them,male was 63.4％,aged (73.0±7.9) years,24.1％cases were aged ≥80 years.The current treatment and risk factors of elderly CHD were investigated by questionnaire including basic information,health check,types and severe degree of CHD,its therapy and prevention,and control of the risk factors.Results (1) All cases were received drugs and percutaneous coronaryintervention (PCI) or surgery,27.5％ cases of PCI,2.6％ of coronary artery bypass grafting(CABG),70.4％ cases of expectant treatment.(2) The ratio of cases with angina pectoris and myocardial infarction was 76.5 ％,the attack of angina pectoris ≥3 times/weeks in recent month was 48.3％,Canadian Cardiovascular Society(CCS) Ⅱ scores and over was 79.3％.(3) The utility ratio of prevention drugs recommended by the guidelines were 70.3％ antiplatelet drug,54.9％ lipid regulating agents,47.5％ BB,29.0％/22.2％ ACEI/ARB.(4)The situation of risk factor control was as followed:among all the cases,38.9％ of them with active smoking≥1 counts/day,28.4％ of them with passive smoking,57.6％ of them with BMI ≥24,46.4％ of male with waistline ≥90 cm,41.1％ of female with waistline≥85 cm.In our cases,67.6％ of them with hypertension and 56.6％ achieved the level of blood pressure＜140/90 mm Hg; 23.4％ with diabetes mellitus and 49.5％ achieved the level of HbA1c ＜7.0％; 33.2％ with Lipids disorder and 26.6％ achieved the level of TC＜4.1 mmol/L,27.5％ of LDL-C＜2.6 mmol/L.(5) The analysis showed that there were more attacks of angina pectoris in the groups of male than female(P=0.0050),those HbA1c ≥7.0％ than those ＜7.0％ (P=0.019),and those LDL-C≥2.6 mmol/L than those ＜2.6 mmol/L (P =0.044),and that there were less attacks in those with CABG than without it (P＜0.001) and in those with PCI than without it (P＜0.001).Conclusions Inadequate control of symptom,insufficient utility ratio of prevention drugs and control of risk factors appear in elderly CHD.Coronary revascularization,drug use of guidelines recommend and control of high risks are the key points of high curative effect of elderly CHD.

AIM: To evaluate the effect of cold acclimation on activity and concentration of UCP in mitochondria inner membrane of rat brown fat. METHODS: Using -labeled GTP binded UCP in mitochondria, radioactivity was measured by liquid aglimmer instrument, the dissociation constand(Kd) and maximal binding(Bmax) were determined by Scatchard plot. RESULTS: In cold acclimation pretreated rats, brown fat weight increased, Bmax increased 1.9-fold,Kd decreased 1.4-fold compared with control. CONCLUSION: Cold acclimation not only increase concentration of UCP in mitochondria inner membrane of rat brown fat,but also increase its activity.

Objective:To observe the influence of schisandrone on the levels of IL-1? and iNOS mRNA in the hippocampus of rats with Alzheimer-like disease(AD) and to investigate the probable prevention and therapy effect of schisandrone on AD. Methods: Totally 30 male SD rats, 8-12 weeks old, weighing 250-300 g, were randomly divided into 3 groups: blank control group,AD model group and schisandrone intervention group(n=10). The animal model of AD was established by 10 mmol/L amyloid-beta protein(A? 25-35 ) 5 ?l stereotactic injection into lateral cerebral ventricle of rats and the rats of schisandrone intervention group were administrated with corn oil with 1 mmol/L schisandrone. And then the levels of IL-1? and iNOS mRNA in the hippocampus were detected by RT-PCR. Results: The levels of IL-1? and iNOS mRNA in the hippocampus of rats with Alzheimer-like disease (0.333 7?0.122 3, 0.266 6?0.088 5) decreased obviously after administration of schisandrone (0.969 3?0.153 9, 0.666 0?0.121 1)(P