Objective To investigate the effect of quercetin(QUE)on the Th1/Th2 immune balance in allergic rhinitis(AR)mice via regulating protein tyrosine kinase 2(JAK2)/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3(STAT3)signaling pathway.Method We selected SPF-grade male BALB/c mice and constructed the AR mouse model through sensitization treatment.Seventy-two mice were randomly divided into the model group,the QUE-L group(50 mg/kg QUE by gavage),the QUE-M group(100 mg/kg QUE by gavage),the QUE-H group(200 mg/kg QUE by gavage),and the QUE-H+JAK2/STAT3 pathway activator Coumermycin A1 Group(200 mg/kg QUE by gavage+tail vein injection of 1 mg/kg Coumermycin A1),and normal mice were taken and only treated with 0.9 sodium chloride injection by intraperitoneal injection and nasal drip as the control group.The histopathological morphology of nasal mucosa in each group of mice was detected by HE staining.The levels of interferon-γ(IFN-γ),interleukin-4(IL-4),immunoglobulin E(IgE),interleukin-1β(IL-1β),interleukin-6(IL-6),and interleukin-8(IL-8)in the serum of mice in each group were detected by ELISA.The apoptosis rate of nasal mucosa tissue cells in each group was determined by the TUNEL method,and the protein expressions of JAK2 and STAT3 in the nasal mucosa tissues of mice in each group were detected by Western blot method.Results Compared with the control group,the model group had disorganized nasal mucosal epithelial cells,vasodilation,accompanied by severe inflammatory cell infiltration,presence of obvious pathological changes and decreased serum IFN-γ level(P<0.05).The levels of serum IL-4,IgE,IL-1β,IL-6,IL-8,the apoptosis rate of nasal mucosa tissue cells,and the protein expressions of p-JAK2/JAK2 and p-STAT3/STAT3 increased(P<0.05).The nasal mucosal epithelial cells of mice in the QUE-L group,QUE-M group and QUE-H group were arranged neatly compared with those in the model group.Vasodilation and inflammatory cell infiltration were significantly alleviated,the pathological changes were significantly reduced,and the serum IFN-γ level was increased(P<0.05).The levels of serum IL4,IgE,IL-1β,IL-6,and IL-8,the apoptosis rate of nasal mucosal tissue cells,and the protein expressions of p-JAK2/JAK2 and p-STAT3/STAT3 decreased(P<0.05).Compared with the QUE-H group,the QUE-H+Coumermycin A1 group had aggravated pathological changes,deteriorated inflammation levels and immune imbalance,and increased apoptosis rate of nasal mucosal tissue cells and protein expression in the JAK2/STAT3 pathway(P<0.05).Conclusion QUE may reverse the Th1/Th2 immune imbalance in AR mice by inhibiting the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway.

Objective To investigate the effect of quercetin(QUE)on the Th1/Th2 immune balance in allergic rhinitis(AR)mice via regulating protein tyrosine kinase 2(JAK2)/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3(STAT3)signaling pathway.Method We selected SPF-grade male BALB/c mice and constructed the AR mouse model through sensitization treatment.Seventy-two mice were randomly divided into the model group,the QUE-L group(50 mg/kg QUE by gavage),the QUE-M group(100 mg/kg QUE by gavage),the QUE-H group(200 mg/kg QUE by gavage),and the QUE-H+JAK2/STAT3 pathway activator Coumermycin A1 Group(200 mg/kg QUE by gavage+tail vein injection of 1 mg/kg Coumermycin A1),and normal mice were taken and only treated with 0.9 sodium chloride injection by intraperitoneal injection and nasal drip as the control group.The histopathological morphology of nasal mucosa in each group of mice was detected by HE staining.The levels of interferon-γ(IFN-γ),interleukin-4(IL-4),immunoglobulin E(IgE),interleukin-1β(IL-1β),interleukin-6(IL-6),and interleukin-8(IL-8)in the serum of mice in each group were detected by ELISA.The apoptosis rate of nasal mucosa tissue cells in each group was determined by the TUNEL method,and the protein expressions of JAK2 and STAT3 in the nasal mucosa tissues of mice in each group were detected by Western blot method.Results Compared with the control group,the model group had disorganized nasal mucosal epithelial cells,vasodilation,accompanied by severe inflammatory cell infiltration,presence of obvious pathological changes and decreased serum IFN-γ level(P<0.05).The levels of serum IL-4,IgE,IL-1β,IL-6,IL-8,the apoptosis rate of nasal mucosa tissue cells,and the protein expressions of p-JAK2/JAK2 and p-STAT3/STAT3 increased(P<0.05).The nasal mucosal epithelial cells of mice in the QUE-L group,QUE-M group and QUE-H group were arranged neatly compared with those in the model group.Vasodilation and inflammatory cell infiltration were significantly alleviated,the pathological changes were significantly reduced,and the serum IFN-γ level was increased(P<0.05).The levels of serum IL4,IgE,IL-1β,IL-6,and IL-8,the apoptosis rate of nasal mucosal tissue cells,and the protein expressions of p-JAK2/JAK2 and p-STAT3/STAT3 decreased(P<0.05).Compared with the QUE-H group,the QUE-H+Coumermycin A1 group had aggravated pathological changes,deteriorated inflammation levels and immune imbalance,and increased apoptosis rate of nasal mucosal tissue cells and protein expression in the JAK2/STAT3 pathway(P<0.05).Conclusion QUE may reverse the Th1/Th2 immune imbalance in AR mice by inhibiting the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway.

BackgroundBeing complex and highly heterogeneous with regard to the etiology and clinical manifestations of depression， neuroimaging studies make a breakthrough for exploring the biological subtypes of depression， while the current data-driven approach for the identification of subtyping depression using structural magnetic resonance imaging （MRI） data is insufficient. ObjectiveTo explore the biological subtypes of depression using diffusion tensor imaging （DTI） and machine learning methods. MethodsA total of 127 patients with depression who attended Beijing Anding Hospital from September 2017 to August 2021 and met the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders， fourth edition （DSM-IV） diagnostic criteria were included， and another 80 healthy individuals matched for gender and age were recruited through advertisements in surrounding communities during the same period. DTI findings， demographic characteristics and clinical data were collected from all participants. Tract-based spatial statistics （TBSS） and the Johns Hopkins University （JHU） white matter probability maps were used to extract fractional anisotropy （FA） values of white matter tracts. A semi-supervised machine learning technique was used to identify the subtypes， and the FA values for whole brain white matter of patients and controls were compared. ResultsPatients with depression were classified into two biological subtypes. FA values in multiple tracts including corpus callosum and corona radiata of subtype I patients were smaller than those of healthy controls （P<0.01， FDR corrected）， and FA values in middle cerebellar peduncle， left superior cerebellar peduncle and left cerebral peduncle of subtype II patients were larger than those of healthy controls （P<0.01， FDR-corrected）. Baseline Hamilton Depression Scale-17 item （HAMD-17） score yielded no statistical difference between subtype I and subtype II patients （P>0.05）， while subtype I patients scored lower on HAMD-17 than subtype II patients after 12 weeks of treatment （t=2.410， P<0.05）. ConclusionDepression patients exhibit two biological subtypes with distinct patterns of white matter damage. Furthermore， the subtypes respond differently to the medication treatment. ［Funded by the National Key Research and Development Program of China （number， 2016YFC1307200）， the Scientific Research and Cultivation Program of Beijing Municipal Hospitals （number，PX2023066）， Beijing Anding Hospital， Capital Medical University （number，YJ201904， YJ201911）； www.chictr.org.cn number： ChiCTR-OOC-17012566］

【Objective】 To investigate the hepatitis E virus(HEV) infection among voluntary blood donors in Liuzhou, Guangxi. 【Methods】 Qualified blood donations in Liuzhou from October to November 2019 were tested for anti-HEV IgG and IgM and.HEV antigen. HEV RNA test was performed on samples positive for HEV antigen and/or anti-HEV IgM. and the test results were analyzed statistically. 【Results】 The seroprevalence rates of HEV antigen and anti-HEV IgG and IgM among 5 751 qualified donations were 0, 26.03% (1497/5 751), and 1.67% (96/5 751), respectively.None of the 91 anti-HEV IgM positive samples was positive for HEV RNA, whereas 60.41% of anti-HEV IgM positive samples were anti-HEV IgG positive. The HEV antibody prevalence varied significantly by gender, age, and nationality (P<0.05). 【Conclusion】 The prevalence of anti-HEV IgG / IgM among blood donors in Liuzhou was higher than that in other domestic regions. Significant increase in HEV antibody prevalence was observed among ethnic minorities, such as Miao and Dong, and age group of more than 45 years.Follow-up studies with larger sample size could be conducted to estimate potential risks of HEV transmission by blood transfusion, which may provide references for selective screening of HEV infection marker among high-endemic population.

Objective To set up a living mice colonoscopy platform to establish an orthotopic model of colorectal cancer in mice under direct vision,and to observe its biological behavior such as metastasis.Methods Eighteen-week-old male C57/BL mice were anesthetized,and the intestinal lumen of the mice was examined by a self-developed living mice colonoscopy and Olympus URF-P5 ureteroscopy,respectively.The imaging effects of the two methods were compared.Human colon cancer HT-29 cells were injected into the colonic mucosa of BALB/c-nu mice under direct vision.The colonoscopy was performed on the 3rd,7th and 15th day after the injection to observe the tumor formation in the intestinal lumen.The mice were sacrificed when the body weight decreased significantly or cachexia appeared,and then the abdominal cavity was examined including the tumor formation and metastasis.Results The self-developed living mice colonoscopy platform can provide clear vision of enteric cavity,and no mice died in the colonoscopy examination.In vivo subcutaneous injection of HT-29 cells in mice was performed with a perforation rate of 15％,a mortality rate of 33.3％,a tumor formation rate of 62.5％,an abdominal metastasis rate of 60％,a liver metastasis rate of 25％,and an abdominal wall transfer rate of 25％.Conclusion The self-developed mice colonoscopy platform can be used for the study of colorectum in living mice.The imaging effect is no less than that of Olympus URF-P5 ureteroscopy.In addition,an orthotopic colorectal cancer model can be established by this platform combing with submucosal injection technology.

Objective To analyze the potential risk factors of infantile spasms (IS) relapse through following up the respondents with IS after different treatment protocols.Methods Sixty-nine cases were collected in the Department of Pediatric Neurology,Jiangxi Children's Hospital from May 2011 to September 2013,who had complete cessation of spasms for at least 28 days or more after the different treatment protocols.The follow-up was performed on these patients until spasms seizure relapse or at least 1 year for those without recurrence.According to the literature review,8 possible risk factors of IS recurrence (gender,age of onset,course of diseases,etiology,high irregular types of electroencephalogram,development quotient,onset time,treatment protocols) were selected,and then Logistic multiple regression was used to analyze the relationship of various potential risk factors with the relapse of spasms.Results (1) The recurrence rate at 6 months and 12 months were 40.6％ (28/69 cases)and 43.5 ％ (30/69 cases),respectively.(2) Among the various potential factors,the age at onset and the time to response were closely related to the IS recurrence.Namely,the non-classic onset(early-onset and late-onset) of IS were more likely to relapse than the classic onset[66.7％ (14/21 cases) vs 33.3％ (16/48 cases),x2 =6.605,P =0.010];the responders beyond 1 week were more likely to relapse than those within 1 week[63.6％ (14/22 cases) vs 34.0％ (16/47 cases),x2 =5.341,P =0.021].There were significant differences between the 2 groups (all P ＜ 0.05).(3) Logistic multiple regression analysis demonstrated that age at onset (Wald =3.603) was most closely related to the relapse of spasms.Conclusions (1) The relapse rate of IS in children was high,and the majority of them relapsed within 6 months.So a long-term,rational and effective clinical management solution should be explored.(2) The age at onset and the time to response are very important risk factors of the IS recurrence,and the former was more significant.So,early diagnosis and early treatment are more likely to improve the efficacy of IS,and reduce the risks of recurrence and improve the prognosis.

Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of different doses of prednisone combined with topiramate(TPM) in the treatment of infantile spasms(IS),in order to provide a new choice of the therapy of IS.Methods Fifty-six cases were collected in the Department of Neurology of Jiangxi Children's Hospital from May.2011 to Dec.2012.They were randomly divided into 2 groups:control group and trial group.The patients in control group took prednisone tablet of 1 mg/kg,2 times a day for 2 weeks;and the patients in trial group took prednisone tablet of 10 mg/ d,4 times a day for 2 weeks.In addition,TPM was used in both groups by initial dose 1 mg/(kg · d) or 2 times a day,and then was gradually increased to 3-5 mg/(kg · d) within 2 weeks.For those children in whom the spasms seizure completely ceased after 2 weeks,prednisone was then reduced by degrees to be discontinued for a 7-weeks course(extending to 4 weeks with the initial doses if spasms continued after 2 weeks).All patients underwent the assessment of spasms seizure and a 3-12 h video-electroencephalogram monitoring including wake and sleep states,which were performed before treatment,after 2 weeks and the end of the courses (7 or 9 weeks after treatment),respectively.Meanwhile,the side effects of the drugs during the treatment were recorded.The developmental quotient (DQ) tests of children with complete cessation of spasms more than 6 months were performed before treatment and after 6 months.All patients had been followed up for 2-18 months.Results 1.After 2 weeks of the therapy,the rate of cessation of spasms were 75.00％ (21/28 cases) and 28.57％ (8/28 cases) in the trial group and the control group,respectively,there was significant difference (x2 =12.087,P =0.001).And in the same term,the rate of complete resolution of hypsrrhythmia were 60.71％ (17/28 cases) and 21.43 ％ (6/28 cases),respectively,there was significant difference (x2 =8.928,P =0.003).At the end of treatment,the rate of cessation of spasms were 67.86％ (19/28 cases) and 35.71％ (10/28 cases) in the trial group and control group,respectively,there was significant difference (x2 =5.793,P =0.016).And in the mean time,the rate of complete resolution of hypsrrhythmia were 57.14％ (16/28 cases) and 14.29％ (4/28 cases),respectively,there was significant difference (x2 =11.200,P =0.001).2.Weight gain and increased appetite were the most frequent side effects.The incidence of side effects were 82.14％ (23/28 cases) and 67.86％ (19/28 cases) in the trial group and control group,respectively,there was no significant difference between the 2 groups (x2 =1.524,P =0.217).No death occurred in this clinical trail and no one discontinued the treatment protocol as result of the adverse events.3.The recurrence rate in the trial group and the control group were 31.82％ and 72.73％,respectively.And there was significant difference between the 2 groups (x2 =4.950,P =0.026).In the trial group,there were 9 cases with cessation of spasms more than 6 months,whose average business development values had no significant difference before and after treatment (t =2.271,P =0.053).Conclusion The efficacy of large-dose prednisone combined with TPM for IS was significantly better than that of conventional dose prednisone combined with TPM.

Objective To explore the depression status of the liver transplant recipients after the surgery and the impact factors.Method Forty two liver transplant recipients were assessed at 5 different time points(1 month,6 months,12 months, 24 months,36 months after the transplantation)using general information questionnaire(GIQ),social support rating scale(SSRS) and self-rating depression scale(SDS).Results After the transplantation,the longer recipients lived,the less depression they underwent.Age and post-operative objective support are the two major factors on depression status of the liver transplant recipients Conclusion The clinical and community nurses may pay attention to the mind state of the recipients after liver transplantation,and provide mental nursing in time and social support to prevent and improve the state of their depression.

Objective To evaluate the anxiety and depression status of the liver transplant recipients and to investigate the related impact factors.Method Forty-two liver transplant recipients were under survey by General Information Questionnaire (GIQ),Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS),Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) and Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS) before and 1,6,12,24 and 36 months after operation.Result The mean anxiety scores before and 1,6,12,24 and 36 months after operation were 37.2 ± 5.3,32.2 ± 6.2,32.1 ± 6.6,31.9± 5.1,30.1 ± 4.6 and 28.5 ± 4.1,respectively.The mean depression scores at those 6 time points were 46.7 ± 7.1,37.9 ± 10.7,36.7 ±7.9,37.1 ± 6.4,34.3 ± 5.8 and 32.1 ± 5.6,respectively.Both the anxiety and depression scores showed statistically significant difference (P＜0).001) before and after operation (all time points).Also there was statistically significant difference (P＜0.001) between post-operative month 36 and other post-operative time points.The impact factors for anxiety of liver transplant recipients were subjective supports and the utilization level of the supports.The impact factors of depression of liver transplant recipients were pre-operative depression score,objective support,subjective supports and the utilization level of the supports.Conclusion Liver transplant recipients suffer less anxiety and depression after operation.The anxiety status can be further improved from 24 to 36 months postoperation.

Objective To construct a stably-performing and high-efficiency regeneration system of Gynostemma pentaphyllum and lay a foundation for the gene transformation of it.Methods The blades of five-leaf G.pentaphyllum were used as the explants and cultured in MS media with different portions of hormone to induce fascicled-bud,root and plantlet regeneration.Results The medium suitable for inducing the blade differentiation of G.pentaphyllum was MS+6-BA 1.0 mg/L and for the frequency of blade differentiation could reach 40%.The cultural medium MS+6-BA 1.0 mg/L was suitable for the sub-multiplication of fascicled-bud and the medium 1/2 MS for root inducement and the plantlet regeneration.Conclusion A stably-performing acceptor system of the direct differentiation for Agrobacterium tumefaciens mediated gene transformation of G.pentaphyllum blades is constructed.