BackgroundBeing complex and highly heterogeneous with regard to the etiology and clinical manifestations of depression， neuroimaging studies make a breakthrough for exploring the biological subtypes of depression， while the current data-driven approach for the identification of subtyping depression using structural magnetic resonance imaging （MRI） data is insufficient. ObjectiveTo explore the biological subtypes of depression using diffusion tensor imaging （DTI） and machine learning methods. MethodsA total of 127 patients with depression who attended Beijing Anding Hospital from September 2017 to August 2021 and met the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders， fourth edition （DSM-IV） diagnostic criteria were included， and another 80 healthy individuals matched for gender and age were recruited through advertisements in surrounding communities during the same period. DTI findings， demographic characteristics and clinical data were collected from all participants. Tract-based spatial statistics （TBSS） and the Johns Hopkins University （JHU） white matter probability maps were used to extract fractional anisotropy （FA） values of white matter tracts. A semi-supervised machine learning technique was used to identify the subtypes， and the FA values for whole brain white matter of patients and controls were compared. ResultsPatients with depression were classified into two biological subtypes. FA values in multiple tracts including corpus callosum and corona radiata of subtype I patients were smaller than those of healthy controls （P<0.01， FDR corrected）， and FA values in middle cerebellar peduncle， left superior cerebellar peduncle and left cerebral peduncle of subtype II patients were larger than those of healthy controls （P<0.01， FDR-corrected）. Baseline Hamilton Depression Scale-17 item （HAMD-17） score yielded no statistical difference between subtype I and subtype II patients （P>0.05）， while subtype I patients scored lower on HAMD-17 than subtype II patients after 12 weeks of treatment （t=2.410， P<0.05）. ConclusionDepression patients exhibit two biological subtypes with distinct patterns of white matter damage. Furthermore， the subtypes respond differently to the medication treatment. ［Funded by the National Key Research and Development Program of China （number， 2016YFC1307200）， the Scientific Research and Cultivation Program of Beijing Municipal Hospitals （number，PX2023066）， Beijing Anding Hospital， Capital Medical University （number，YJ201904， YJ201911）； www.chictr.org.cn number： ChiCTR-OOC-17012566］

【Objective】 To investigate the hepatitis E virus(HEV) infection among voluntary blood donors in Liuzhou, Guangxi. 【Methods】 Qualified blood donations in Liuzhou from October to November 2019 were tested for anti-HEV IgG and IgM and.HEV antigen. HEV RNA test was performed on samples positive for HEV antigen and/or anti-HEV IgM. and the test results were analyzed statistically. 【Results】 The seroprevalence rates of HEV antigen and anti-HEV IgG and IgM among 5 751 qualified donations were 0, 26.03% (1497/5 751), and 1.67% (96/5 751), respectively.None of the 91 anti-HEV IgM positive samples was positive for HEV RNA, whereas 60.41% of anti-HEV IgM positive samples were anti-HEV IgG positive. The HEV antibody prevalence varied significantly by gender, age, and nationality (P<0.05). 【Conclusion】 The prevalence of anti-HEV IgG / IgM among blood donors in Liuzhou was higher than that in other domestic regions. Significant increase in HEV antibody prevalence was observed among ethnic minorities, such as Miao and Dong, and age group of more than 45 years.Follow-up studies with larger sample size could be conducted to estimate potential risks of HEV transmission by blood transfusion, which may provide references for selective screening of HEV infection marker among high-endemic population.

Objective: To investigate the expression of syndecan-1 and syndecan-2 and their clinicopathological significance in patients with gallbladder squamous cell (SC)/adenosquamous carcinoma (ASC) and adenocarcinoma (AC). Methods: A total of 126 patients with SC/ASC (n=46) and AC (n=80) were included in this study. The expression levels of syndecan-1 and syndecan-2 were detected by Envison™ immunohistochemistry assay. The clinical and prognostic significance of syndecan-1 and syndecan-2 were analyzed. Results: In the 46 SC/ASC samples, syndecan-1 and syndecan-2 were positively expressed in 29 (63.0%) and 28 (60.9%) tumor tissues, respectively. (Positive expression was defined based on the staining in the component of squamous cell carcinoma. That is to say, the tissue which adenocarcinoma part was positively stained, but squamous cell carcinoma part was negatively stained is also regarded as negative.) In the 80 AC samples, 47 (58.8%) cases showed syndecan-1 positive expression, and 51 (63.8%) showed syndecan-2 positive expression. There was no significant difference in the positive rates of syndecan-1 and syndecan-2 between SC/ASC and AC groups (P>0.05 for all). The levels of syndecan-1 and syndecan-2 were associated with tumor size, TNM staging, lymph node metastasis, invasion of adjacent tissue, and surgical procedures in SC/ASC patients (P<0.05 for all). However, their expression was associated with tumor differentiation, tumor size, TNM staging, lymph node metastasis, invasion of adjacent tissue, and surgical procedures in AC patients (P<0.05 for all). The Kaplan-Meier survival analysis of SC/ASC and AC patients revealed that the average survival time for patients with positive syndecan-1 and syndecan-2 expression was significantly shorter than that of those with negative expression (P<0.01 for all). Cox multivariate analysis indicated that syndecan-1 and syndecan-2 expression were independent unfavorable prognostic factors for SC/ASC and AC patients (P<0.05 for all). Conclusion The syndecan-1 and syndecan-2 expression are associated with the tumor progression and poor prognosis in patients with gallbladder SC/ASC and AC.

Objective To investigate the expression of syndecan?1 and syndecan?2 and their clinicopathological significance in patients with gallbladder squamous cell ( SC)/adenosquamous carcinoma ( ASC) and adenocarcinoma ( AC) . Methods A total of 126 patients with SC/ASC ( n=46) and AC ( n=80) were included in this study. The expression levels of syndecan?1 and syndecan?2 were detected by EnvisonTM immunohistochemistry assay. The clinical and prognostic significance of syndecan?1 and syndecan?2 were analyzed. Results In the 46 SC/ASC samples, syndecan?1 and syndecan?2 were positively expressed in 29 (63.0％) and 28 (60.9％) tumor tissues, respectively. (Positive expression was defined based on the staining in the component of squamous cell carcinoma. That is to say, the tissue which adenocarcinoma part was positively stained, but squamous cell carcinoma part was negatively stained is also regarded as negative.) In the 80 AC samples, 47 (58.8％) cases showed syndecan?1 positive expression, and 51 (63.8％) showed syndecan?2 positive expression. There was no significant difference in the positive rates of syndecan?1 and syndecan?2 between SC/ASC and AC groups ( P>0. 05 for all ) . The levels of syndecan?1 and syndecan?2 were associated with tumor size, TNM staging, lymph node metastasis, invasion of adjacent tissue, and surgical procedures in SC/ASC patients ( P<0. 05 for all ) . However, their expression was associated with tumor differentiation, tumor size, TNM staging, lymph node metastasis, invasion of adjacent tissue, and surgical procedures in AC patients ( P<0.05 for all) . The Kaplan?Meier survival analysis of SC/ASC and AC patients revealed that the average survival time for patients with positive syndecan?1 and syndecan?2 expression was significantly shorter than that of those with negative expression ( P<0.01 for all) . Cox multivariate analysis indicated that syndecan?1 and syndecan?2 expression were independent unfavorable prognostic factors for SC/ASC and AC patients ( P<0. 05 for all ) . Conclusion The syndecan?1 and syndecan?2 expression are associated with the tumor progression and poor prognosis in patients with gallbladder SC/ASC and AC.

Objective To investigate the expression of syndecan?1 and syndecan?2 and their clinicopathological significance in patients with gallbladder squamous cell ( SC)/adenosquamous carcinoma ( ASC) and adenocarcinoma ( AC) . Methods A total of 126 patients with SC/ASC ( n=46) and AC ( n=80) were included in this study. The expression levels of syndecan?1 and syndecan?2 were detected by EnvisonTM immunohistochemistry assay. The clinical and prognostic significance of syndecan?1 and syndecan?2 were analyzed. Results In the 46 SC/ASC samples, syndecan?1 and syndecan?2 were positively expressed in 29 (63.0％) and 28 (60.9％) tumor tissues, respectively. (Positive expression was defined based on the staining in the component of squamous cell carcinoma. That is to say, the tissue which adenocarcinoma part was positively stained, but squamous cell carcinoma part was negatively stained is also regarded as negative.) In the 80 AC samples, 47 (58.8％) cases showed syndecan?1 positive expression, and 51 (63.8％) showed syndecan?2 positive expression. There was no significant difference in the positive rates of syndecan?1 and syndecan?2 between SC/ASC and AC groups ( P>0. 05 for all ) . The levels of syndecan?1 and syndecan?2 were associated with tumor size, TNM staging, lymph node metastasis, invasion of adjacent tissue, and surgical procedures in SC/ASC patients ( P<0. 05 for all ) . However, their expression was associated with tumor differentiation, tumor size, TNM staging, lymph node metastasis, invasion of adjacent tissue, and surgical procedures in AC patients ( P<0.05 for all) . The Kaplan?Meier survival analysis of SC/ASC and AC patients revealed that the average survival time for patients with positive syndecan?1 and syndecan?2 expression was significantly shorter than that of those with negative expression ( P<0.01 for all) . Cox multivariate analysis indicated that syndecan?1 and syndecan?2 expression were independent unfavorable prognostic factors for SC/ASC and AC patients ( P<0. 05 for all ) . Conclusion The syndecan?1 and syndecan?2 expression are associated with the tumor progression and poor prognosis in patients with gallbladder SC/ASC and AC.

Purpose To explore whether potassium perchlorate shall be taken orally to occlude gastric mucosa before taking 99Tcm-3PRGD2 SPECT/CT gastric image,and to provide theoretical evidence for clinical application.Material and Methods Eighteen adult male Wistar rats were divided into three groups randomly:low dose group of potassium perchlorate (36 mg/kg),high dose group (72 mg/kg) and normal saline control group,with six rats in each group.All rats were conducted with gavage of 1 ml/100 g respectively and,one hour later,injected with 99Tcm-3PRGD2 intravenously to rat tail.Then 99Tcm-3PRGD2 gastric image was taken two hours later.The same film reader carried out audio analysis of the image and then gastric and radioactivity ratio (T/N) on the lung of the same side were analyzed.Results Preparation of 99Tcm-3PRGD2 was simple and radiochemical purity of final products was (98.90±0.70)％.Rat weights in high dose group of potassium perchlorate,low dose group and control group were (479.7t21.5) g,(481.0± 17.6) g and (478.5± 16.5) g,respectively.The differences were of no statistical significance (F=0.027,P＞0.05).T/N values in rat stomach area were 1.2219±0.0165,1.2204±0.0167 and 1.2186±0.0175,respectively.The differences were of no statistical significance (F=0.055,P＞0.05).Conclusion Preparation of 99Tcm-3PRGD2 is simple and radiochemical purity is high.There is great possibility of no need to take potassium perchlorate orally to occlude gastric mucosa when taking 99Tcm-3PRGD2 SPECT/CT image (especially when the radiochemical purity of final products is over 98％),making it convenient in clinical promotion and utilization.

Objective:To explore the effects of protoporphyrin Ⅸ (PpⅨ)-mediated photodynamic therapy (PDT) on induction of apoptosis and death in colon cancer cell and the underlying mechanisms.Methods:The cell killing effect of PDT on HCT116 cell was determined by cell counting kit (CCK).The cells were divided into a control group,a single light group,a single PpⅨ group,and a PDT group.Hoechst 33342 and flow cytometry was used to assess the cell apoptosis.Western blot was employed to analyze the expressions ofbd-2,bax,and caspase-3.Reactive oxygen species (ROS) was detected by flow cytometry.Results:The viability of HCT116 cell was decreased gradually with the increase of irradiation dose (P<0.05).Compared to the other 3 groups,ROS production,the number of apoptotic cells and the protein expressions ofbax and caspase-3 in PDT group increased,while bcl-2 expression was decreased (P<0.05).Conclusion:PpⅨ-mediated PDT can enhance the apoptosis in HCT116 cell,which may be related to mitochondrial apoptosis pathway.

Objective To assess the association between rs7597593 polymorphism of ZNF804A gene and schizophrenia,and to assess the relationship between rs7597593 polymorphism and working memory.Methods Schizophrenia patients and healthy controls were diagnosed in accordance with Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-Fourth Edition (DSM-Ⅳ) ; 767 schizophrenia patients and 690 healthy controls were involved.Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) was carried out to genotype rs7597593 polymorphism.The cognitive function of working memory was assessed by the N-back task.Statistical analyses were carried out with SPSS19.0 software.Results The study found no significantly different genotype frequencies (x2=1.519,P=0.468) and allele frequencies(x2=1.263,P=0.261) of rs7597593 polymorphism between schizophrenia patients and healthy controls,however in the subgroup of higher IQ (IQ ≥ 110),there were significant different distributions of both genotype and allele (x2 =9.411 and 6.529; P=0.009 and 0.011 respectively).It was also found in this subgroup that risk T allele was associated with more error at 1-back task (F=6.854,P=0.009).Conclusion These results indicated that rs7597593 polymorphism was associated with individuals having spared cognitive function; carriers of T allele had worse cognitive function,which maybe a pathway that it contributes to schizophrenia.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the technique and effect of liver hanging maneuver in anterior approach for isolated complete liver caudate lobectomy. METHODS: We recruited 17 patients with liver caudate lobe tumor (13 primary hepatocellular carcinoma, 3 cholangiocarcinoma and 1 liver metastasis from colorectal cancer). Isolated complete caudate lobectomy with liver hanging maneuver was performed in 17 patients. RESULTS: All 17 patients were successfully received the above-mentioned operation. The operative time was 166-427 (211.5 ± 20.1) min and the intraoperative blood loss was 372-1 208 (472.7 ± 83.6) mL. There was no operative death. The survival rates of follow up for 1, 3 and 5 years were 76.5%, 52.9% and 23.5%, respectively. CONCLUSION Liver hanging maneuver for isolated complete resection of the caudate lobe is an ideal approach for liver neoplasms resection.
Blood Loss, Surgical ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; surgery ; Cholangiocarcinoma ; surgery ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; pathology ; Hepatectomy ; methods ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; secondary ; surgery ; Survival Rate

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the surgical outcomes of laparoscopic splenectomy and to investigate the learning curve of laparoscopic splenectomy. METHODS: Forty cases of laparoscopic splenectomy (performed by W.Y. between September 2008 and August 2010) in our general surgery department were reviewed, and the cases were divided equally into 4 groups (group I, II, III, IV) according the time sequence of the operations. The operating time, blood loss, conversion to open surgery, conversion to hand-assisted laparoscopic splenectomy, postoperative hospital stay, postoperative liquid diet recovery time, intra- and postoperative complications and the operative frequency were compared. RESULTS: There were no statistical differences among the groups in age and gender (P>0.05). The operating time, blood loss and postoperative hospital stay of groups III and IV were significantly less than those of groups I and II (P<0 .05). Postoperative liquid diet recovery time appear to show a gradual shortening trend from Group I to Group IV, but the differences were not at standard statistical thresholds (P>0.05). Frequency of conversion to open surgery, of conversion to hand-assisted laparoscopic splenectomy, of complications among the four groups were also not statistically different (P>0.05). The operative frequency of group I-IV increased from 1.25/month to 2.5/month. CONCLUSION The learning curve of laparoscopic splenectomy for surgeon who was experienced in open splenectomy and laparoscope cholecystectomy is approximately 20 cases, and the operative frequency is about 1.33/month.
Adult ; Aged ; Blood Loss, Surgical ; statistics & numerical data ; China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Intraoperative Complications ; epidemiology ; Laparoscopy ; methods ; Learning Curve ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Splenectomy ; methods ; Young Adult