ObjectiveTo explore the changes in color， odor and chemical components during wine-processing of Chuanxiong Rhizoma（CR）， identify differential markers， and provide a basis for standardizing the process and establishing quality standards. MethodsFifteen batches of CR samples from 4 producing areas were collected. Colorimeter and electronic nose were used to detect the color changes and odor components of CR before and after wine-processing. Multivariate statistical methods including partial least squares-discriminant analysis（PLS-DA）， principal component analysis（PCA）， discriminant factor analysis（DFA） and Fisher discriminant analysis were applied to identify wine-processed CR at different processing stages and establish discriminant models， and differential components were screened out based on variable importance in the projection（VIP） value1. Then， high performance liquid chromatography（HPLC） was employed to detect the content changes of four components（ferulic acid， senkyunolide I， senkyunolide A and ligustilide） during the processing stages. ResultsThe differences of wine-processed CR at various stages were primarily reflected in color parameters L^*（brightness value）， a^*（red-green value） and b^*（yellow-blue value）. Based on chromaticity differences， the color reference ranges were established for moderately processed CR， including L^* of 46.75-48.24， a^* of 5.37-6.07 and b^* of 20.32-21.70. In odor analysis， DFA revealed significant differences among processing stages， and 11 odor markers were identified， with four differential markers（4-hydroxy-3-butylphthalide， isopropyl butyrate， L-limonene and 1-methoxyhexane） based on VIP values. HPLC results showed that there was no significant difference of the four components except for ligustilide in wine-processed CR at different stages. ConclusionThis study achieved rapid identification of wine-processed CR with different processing degrees by electronic sensory technology and differential component content detection， with discrimination accuracy rates of 92.4% and 93.272% for color and odor， respectively. This paper also established the reference ranges of main colorimetric parameters for wine-processed CR at different stages， and four differential components were screened out， providing a basis for standardizing the processing of wine-processed CR and establishing quality standards for this decoction pieces.

ObjectiveTo explore the changes in color， odor and chemical components during wine-processing of Chuanxiong Rhizoma（CR）， identify differential markers， and provide a basis for standardizing the process and establishing quality standards. MethodsFifteen batches of CR samples from 4 producing areas were collected. Colorimeter and electronic nose were used to detect the color changes and odor components of CR before and after wine-processing. Multivariate statistical methods including partial least squares-discriminant analysis（PLS-DA）， principal component analysis（PCA）， discriminant factor analysis（DFA） and Fisher discriminant analysis were applied to identify wine-processed CR at different processing stages and establish discriminant models， and differential components were screened out based on variable importance in the projection（VIP） value1. Then， high performance liquid chromatography（HPLC） was employed to detect the content changes of four components（ferulic acid， senkyunolide I， senkyunolide A and ligustilide） during the processing stages. ResultsThe differences of wine-processed CR at various stages were primarily reflected in color parameters L^*（brightness value）， a^*（red-green value） and b^*（yellow-blue value）. Based on chromaticity differences， the color reference ranges were established for moderately processed CR， including L^* of 46.75-48.24， a^* of 5.37-6.07 and b^* of 20.32-21.70. In odor analysis， DFA revealed significant differences among processing stages， and 11 odor markers were identified， with four differential markers（4-hydroxy-3-butylphthalide， isopropyl butyrate， L-limonene and 1-methoxyhexane） based on VIP values. HPLC results showed that there was no significant difference of the four components except for ligustilide in wine-processed CR at different stages. ConclusionThis study achieved rapid identification of wine-processed CR with different processing degrees by electronic sensory technology and differential component content detection， with discrimination accuracy rates of 92.4% and 93.272% for color and odor， respectively. This paper also established the reference ranges of main colorimetric parameters for wine-processed CR at different stages， and four differential components were screened out， providing a basis for standardizing the processing of wine-processed CR and establishing quality standards for this decoction pieces.

Objective:To analyze the application effect of PAD teaching mode in Epidemiology teaching,and to investigate students'suggestions for improving PAD class,so as to provide some thoughts and basis for improving teaching reform.Methods:PAD class was introduced into Epidemiology teaching.Two cross-sectional surveys were conducted after class,and questionnaires about PAD learning interests and suggestions for improvement were anonymously collected.The teaching effect was analyzed and suggestions for rectification were put forward.Results:Among the 134 students majoring in medical laboratory science,the score rate of each learning interest survey item of PAD teaching mode was more than 80% .And 57.46% of the students thought that discussion sessions should be added.The scores of chapter test in PAD mode class was higher than that in traditional mode class(t=2.938,P＜0.01).Conclusions:PAD class can enhance learning interest and knowledge mastery.The time schedule of teaching and discussion should be adjusted in time according to students'wishes,and after-school exercises and counseling should be appropriately increased to promote the application of PAD class in Epidemiology teaching.

BACKGROUND:Lingual movable wing is a new type of lingual orthodontic technique and the different stretching lengths of the wring affect the torque control effect of anterior teeth.However,there is yet no related biomechanical research. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the displacement trend of dentition during adduction of mandibular anterior teeth and the effect of different wing stretching lengths on the biomechanical effect of mandibular anterior teeth. METHODS:The data of the mandible and lower dentition were collected by cone-beam CT and reconstructed using Mimics software to establish a three-dimensional finite element model of mandibular anterior teeth adducted by the lingual movable wing.The ANSYS software was used to analyze the initial displacement of the mandibular anterior teeth under the following conditions:A,2 mm stretching length;B,2.5 mm stretching length;C,3 mm stretching length;and D,3.5 mm stretching length. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The trend of initial displacement of lower dentition:The central incisors moved lingually with depression,the lateral incisors and canines moved mildly lingually with mesial lingual torsion,the second premolar was tilted distally with a marked lingual inclination and the first molar showed an overall mesial inclination with mesial crown eversion.Therefore,in the adduction cases of mandibular tooth extraction,attention should be paid to the lingual movement of the second premolar,which could be offset by corresponding techniques in clinic.The trend of anterior tooth displacement in all directions:from condition A to condition D,in the sagittal direction,the difference value in crown-root displacement of central incisors changed from-11.891 μm to-5.757 4 μm,indicating that the central incisor changes from oblique movement to overall movement.The difference value in crown-root displacement of lateral incisors changed from-11.828 1 μm to-6.711 45 μm,and that of canines changed from-7.572 3 μm to-4.695 5 μm,indicating that the oblique movement of the lateral incisors and canines is also changing to an overall movement.In the vertical direction,from condition A to condition D,the reduction of incisors was gradually increased,while that of canines was gradually decreased.These findings indicate that the stretching length of the wing can affect the oblique movement trend of the anterior teeth.As the wing continues to stretch,the torque control of the lower anterior teeth will become better.

Objective To investigate the expression and significance of cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 3(CDKN3)in human papillomavirus type 16(HPV16)-positive cervical cancer.Methods CDKN3 expression in pan-cancer was retrieved and downloaded from the Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis(GEPIA)platform,and the expression levels of CDKN3 between normal cervical tissues(13 samples)and cervical cancer tissues(306 samples)were compared.Subsequently,GSE39001 data of HPV16-positive cervical cancer was sourced and downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus(GEO)database,and the expression levels of CDKN3 mRNA in HPV16-positive cervical cancer tissues(43 samples)and normal cervical tissues(12 samples)were compared.Immunohistochemical method was used to detect the expression of CDKN3 in 12 ca-ses of HPV16-positive cervical cancer,12 cases of HPV16-positive cervical precancerous lesions,10 cases of HPV16-positive chronic cervicitis and 7 cases of HPV-negative normal cervical samples collected from the Af-filiated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University.SiHa(HPV16-positive),HeLa(HPV18-positive)and HCC94(HPV-negative)cervical cancer cell lines were selected,and their CDKN3 expression were detected by West-ern blot.Results The GEPIA platform analysis showed that CDKN3 was highly expressed in pan-cancer,and the expression level of CDKN3 in cervical cancer tissue was significantly higher than that in normal cervical tissue(P<0.05).The GEO dataset reflected a significantly increased CDKN3 mRNA expression level in HPV16-positive cervical cancer compared to normal cervical tissue(P<0.001).Immunohistochemical verifi-cation showed that the positive expression rates of CDKN3 in HPV16-positive cervical cancer,HPV16-positive cervical precancerous lesion,HPV16-positive chronic cervicitis and HPV-negative normal cervical tissues were 91.7%,58.3%,0 and 0,respectively.Western blot analysis of cervical cancer cells showed that the expression level of CDKN3 in SiHa(HPV16-positive)cells was significantly higher than that in HeLa(HPV18-positive)and HCC94(HPV-negative)cells(P<0.05).Conclusion CDKN3 is a new oncogene of HPV16-positive cer-vical cancer,which may be used as a marker of cervical precancerous lesions and cervical cancer screening,and may provide a theoretical basis for subsequent mechanism research and targeted therapy.

Objective:Proximal femur tumor resection often leads to hip joint instability and functional loss.Various methods have been clinically applied to repair hip joint soft tissue function,but deficiencies remain.This study aims to evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of the ligament advanced reinforcement system(LARS)tumor tube in assisting soft tissue function reconstruction in patients undergoing tumor type artificial hip replacement surgery. Methods:This study included 85 patients(41 males,44 females)with proximal femoral tumors treated at the Xiangya Bone Tumor Treatment Center from January 2012 to January 2022,aged 10 to 79(38.5±18.2)years.Among them,13 cases had benign aggressive tumors,45 had primary malignant bone tumors,and 27 had bone metastases.Clinical data,imaging data,and intraoperative photos were collected.Patients were followed up and postoperative functional evaluations were conducted using the Musculoskeletal Tumor Society(MSTS)scoring system and Harris hip joint scoring system to assess limb function and hip joint function. Results:Preoperative pathological fractures were present in 37 cases(43.5％),with a lesion length of(9.4±2.9)cm.Among non-metastatic tumor patients,7 experienced postoperative recurrence,including 6 cases of osteosarcoma and 1 case of fibrosarcoma.Pulmonary metastases occurred in 9 osteosarcoma patients.Five patients required reoperation due to postoperative complications,including 3 cases of deep vein thrombosis,1 case of giant cell granuloma,and 1 case of prosthesis infection.Postoperatively,5 patients exhibited Trendelenburg gait,and 6 had leg length discrepancies.The postoperative MSTS score was 26.7±1.4,and the Harris score was 89.6±5.3. Conclusion:The LARS tumor tube can effectively assist in reconstructing the soft tissue function of the hip joint and greatly reduce postoperative complications,making it an effective technical improvement in joint function reconstruction in tumor type artificial hip replacement surgery.

Objective To study the key genes and immune biomarkers of gout and to explore potential target Chinese medicine,which can provide new directions for the clinical treatment of gout.Methods The gout microarray dataset was downloaded from the GEO database,the differential genes were screened using R software,and Gene Ontology(GO)and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)enrichment analyses were performed on these differential genes.The STRING database was applied to analyze the protein interaction network of the differential genes,and the Cytoscape was used to screen the key genes.The protein expression levels of key genes were validated using the ELISA method.Furthermore,the xCell was used to estimate the relative expression and correlation of immune cells in gout.Finally,the significantly enriched immune-related biological processes and key target genes of Chinese medicine were predicted by Coremine Medical database.Results A total of 852 differential gout genes were screened.GO enrichment analysis was mainly enriched in the leukocyte chemotaxis,interleukin-2 production,and regulation of vasculature development;KEGG pathway was mainly enriched in IL-17 signaling pathway,Chemokine signaling pathway,and TNF signaling pathway.Ten key genes,including TNF,IL-6,IL-1β,CXCL8,FOS,and VEGFA etc,were selected.The experimental validation showed that the protein expression levels of key genes were consistent with the expression trends of the chip data.Immune infiltration showed that monocytes,memory B cells,CD8+T-cells and IDC were closely associated with gout.Herbal predictions had identified Ginseng,Panax notoginseng,Scutellaria,Baicalensis,Saururus chinensis,and Salvia miltiorrhiza as potential drugs for the treatment of gout.Conclusion This study identified possible key genes and immune mechanisms contributing to the pathogenesis of gout,and discovered potential targetable traditional Chinese medicine.These key genes and herbs are expected to offer new insights and methods for the treatment of gout.

Objective:To study the predictive values of umbilical artery blood gas analysis(UABG) plus amplitude-integrated electroencephalography(aEEG) monitoring within 6 h after birth for early complications and short term neurological outcomes in low Apgar score neonates.Methods:From January 2020 to February 2022, neonates with gestational age (GA) ≥35 weeks and 1 min or 5 min Apgar score ≤7 admitted to NICU of our hospital were retrospectively reviewed. According to UABG pH values, the neonates were assigned into pH<7.2 group and pH ≥7.2 group, and further grouped into abnormal aEEG group and normal aEEG group. The ttest, rank sum test and χ2 test were used to compare laboratory results, incidences of diseases, physical growth and neurological prognosis at 6 month of age. Results:A total of 105 neonates with low Apgar scores were enrolled, including 73 cases in the pH<7.2 group and 32 cases in the pH≥7.2 group. In the pH<7.2 group, 52(71.2%) had abnormal aEEG and 21 had normal aEEG. In the pH≥7.2 group, 6(18.8%) had abnormal aEEG and 26 had normal aEEG. The incidence of abnormal aEEG in the pH<7.2 group was higher than the pH≥7.2 group ( P<0.001). The degree of aEEG abnormality was negatively correlated with UABG pH ( r=-0.463, P<0.001). In the pH<7.2 group, the levels of creatine kinase isozymes (CK-MB), activated partial thromboplastin time and the incidence of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) in neonates with abnormal aEEG were significantly higher than those with normal aEEG, and the head circumference (HC) at 6 month was significantly smaller in neonates with abnormal aEEG (all P<0.05). In the pH≥7.2 group, the level of CK-MB, incidences of HIE and respiratory failure in neonates with abnormal aEEG were higher than those with normal aEEG, HC at 6 month was smaller and the incidence of adverse neurological prognosis was higher in neonates with abnormal aEEG (all P<0.05). Conclusions:UABG plus aEEG monitoring within 6 h after birth shows predictive values for early complications and short term neurological outcomes in low Apgar scores neonates.

Three-dimensional(3D)cell spheroid models combined with mass spectrometry imaging(MSI)enables innovative investigation of in vivo-like biological processes under different physiological and patho-logical conditions.Herein,airflow-assisted desorption electrospray ionization-MSI(AFADESI-MSI)was coupled with 3D HepG2 spheroids to assess the metabolism and hepatotoxicity of amiodarone(AMI).High-coverage imaging of＞1100 endogenous metabolites in hepatocyte spheroids was achieved using AFADESI-MSI.Following AMI treatment at different times,15 metabolites of AMI involved in N-desethylation,hydroxylation,deiodination,and desaturation metabolic reactions were identified,and according to their spatiotemporal dynamics features,the metabolic pathways of AMI were proposed.Subsequently,the temporal and spatial changes in metabolic disturbance within spheroids caused by drug exposure were obtained via metabolomic analysis.The main dysregulated metabolic pathways included arachidonic acid and glycerophospholipid metabolism,providing considerable evidence for the mechanism of AMI hepatotoxicity.In addition,a biomarker group of eight fatty acids was selected that provided improved indication of cell viability and could characterize the hepatotoxicity of AMI.The combination of AFADESI-MSI and HepG2 spheroids can simultaneously obtain spatiotemporal infor-mation for drugs,drug metabolites,and endogenous metabolites after AMI treatment,providing an effective tool for in vitro drug hepatotoxicity evaluation.

This study aimed to explore the effect of miR-23b-3p on the differentiation of goat intramuscular preadipocytes, and to confirm whether miR-23b-3p plays its roles via targeting the PDE4B gene. Based on the pre-transcriptome sequencing data obtained previously, the miR-23b-3p, which was differentially expressed in goat intramuscular adipocytes before and after differentiation, was used as an entry point. real-time quantitative-polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was used to detect the expression pattern of miR-23b-3p during the differentiation of goat intramuscular preadipocytes. The effects of miR-23b-3p on adipose differentiation and adipose differentiation marker genes were determined at the morphological and molecular levels. The downstream target genes of miR-23b-3p were determined using bioinformatics prediction as well as dual luciferase reporter assay to clarify the targeting relationship between miR-23b-3p and the predicted target genes. The results indicated that overexpression of miR-23b-3p reduced lipid droplet accumulation in goat intramuscular adipocytes, significantly down-regulated the expression levels of adipogenic marker genes AP2, C/EBPα, FASN, and LPL (P < 0.01). In addition, the expressions of C/EBPβ, DGAT2, GLUT4 and PPARγ were significantly downregulated (P < 0.05). After interfering with the expression of miR-23b-3p, lipid droplet accumulation was increased in goat intramuscular adipocytes. The expression levels of ACC, ATGL, AP2, DGAT2, GLUT4, FASN and SREBP1 were extremely significantly up-regulated (P < 0.01), and the expression levels of C/EBPβ, LPL and PPARγ were significantly up-regulated (P < 0.05). It was predicted that PDE4B might be a target gene of miR-23b-3p. The mRNA expression level of PDE4B was significantly decreased after overexpression of miR-23b-3p (P < 0.01), and the interference with miR-23b-3p significantly increased the mRNA level of PDE4B (P < 0.05). The dual luciferase reporter assay indicated that miR-23b-3p had a targeting relationship with PDE4B gene. MiR-23b-3p regulates the differentiation of goat intramuscular preadipocytes by targeting the PDE4B gene.
Animals ; MicroRNAs/metabolism* ; Goats/genetics* ; PPAR gamma/metabolism* ; Adipogenesis/genetics* ; Cell Differentiation/genetics* ; Luciferases ; RNA, Messenger