Objective To investigate the effect of Porphyromonas gingivalis(P.gingivalis)on Th17/Treg imbalance and vascular endothelial function in ApoE-/-mice.Methods Eight-week-old ApoE-/-mice were inoculated orally with P.gingivalis every other day and received high-fat diet for 8 weeks.The alveolar bone loss was assessed by Micro-CT and the oral microflora of mice was analyzed by 16S rRNA sequencing technology.HE staining and oil red O staining were used to detect plaque formation in ApoE-/-mice.The total cholesterol(TC),triglyceride(TG),low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C)and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C)levels of mice were detected by biochemical detection technology.Real-time quantitative PCR(qRT-PCR)and immunohistochemistry(IHC)were used to detect the indicators of endothelial injury in the model aortic plaques,including vascular cell adhesion molecule(VCAM),intercellular adhesion molecule(ICAM),matrix metallopeptidase(MMP)-2 and MMP-9.The relative proportions of Th17 and Treg in aortic plaque and spleen were detected by IHC,qRT-PCR and flow cytometry,including interleukin-17(IL-17),retinoic acid related orphan receptor γt(RORγt)and forkhead box P3(Foxp3).Results In ApoE-/-mice infected with P.gingivalis,the severity of alveolar bone loss was increased(P＜0.01);the diversity of oral microbiota was decreased(P＜0.05),and the composition of oral microbiota was changed.The proportion of atherosclerotic plaque area was increased(P＜0.01),paralleled by elevated serum levels of TG,TC and LDL-C(P＜0.05),alongside a significant de-crease in HDL-C(P＜0.01).Aortic plaques exhibited upregulated protein expression of VCAM and ICAM as well as heightened mRNA levels of ICAM,VCAM,MMP-2 and MMP-9(P＜0.05).The levels of IL-17 related protein and RORγt transcriptional activity in aortic plaque were increased(P＜0.01),while the levels of Foxp3 related protein and gene were decreased(P＜0.01).The ratio of Th17/Treg cells in spleen was imbalanced(P＜0.05).Conclusion Periodontitis caused by the imbalance of the oral flora of ApoE-/-mice induced by P.gingivalis can cause Th17/Treg imbalance in aortic plaque and exacerbate the endothelial dysfunction during ather-osclerosis.

Objective To study the effect and duration of point-of-use filters on the improvement of endoscopic fi-nal rinse water quality.Methods The final rinse water end at the gastroscope manual cleaning workstation in the Endoscopy Centre of the First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University was selected to install a tap ter-minal filter;five specimens of final rinse water were collected consecutively before the installation,immediately after the installation,and 1-11 weeks after the installation.At each sampling time,the staff responsible for clea-ning and disinfecting were asked whether the flow rate of discharged water could satisfy the working demand;the final rinse water was inoculated on R2A culture medium with membrane filter method,bacterial colony forming unit(CFU)was calculated after 30℃ incubation for 5 days.Results The qualified rates of endoscopic final rinse water before point-of-use filter installation was 0,immediately after and 1-9 weeks after installation were both 100％,10 and 11 weeks after installation were 80.0％and 20.0％,respectively.The mean CFU of endoscopic final rinse wa-ter before point-of-use filter installation was 102 CFU/100 mL,immediately after and 1-9 weeks after installation were both ≤2 CFU/100 mL,10 and 11 weeks after installation were 8 and 18 CFU/100 mL,respectively.The feedback from the cleaning and disinfection staff before installation,immediately after installation,and 1-11 weeks after installation indicated that the flow rate of discharged water gradually slowed down over time,but could still meet the work requirements.Conclusion The point-of-use filter can quickly and effectively improve the quality of endoscopic final rinse water,with use duration of up to 9 weeks after installation;Its biggest advantage is that it can serve as the final barrier to all integrated measures,playing a supplementary role in case of any problems occu-rring in the front-end process,and ensuring the microbial quality of the final rinse water to the greatest extent possible.

Objective:To investigate the protective effect of moxibustion on joints and its influence on the expression levels of S100 calcium binding protein A8(S100A8),S100 calcium binding protein A9(S100A9),serum amyloid A1(SAA1),and related inflammatory factors in rats with adjuvant arthritis(AA).Methods:Forty Wistar rats were randomly divided into a normal group,a model group,a moxibustion group,and a medication group,with 10 rats in each group.Except for the normal group,AA models were established in the other three groups by exposing rats to wind-cold-dampness environmental conditions combined with complete Freund's adjuvant.After successful modeling,the moxibustion group received moxibustion intervention,while the medication group was administered tripterygium glycosides tablets via oral gavage.The normal and model groups underwent similar handling and fixation without additional interventions.After 15 d of intervention,hematoxylin-eosin staining was used to assess pathological changes in the knee joint synovial membrane.Western blotting was performed to detect the protein expression of S100A8,S100A9,and SAA1 in the synovial tissue.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to measure the serum levels of interferon(IFN)-γ,interleukin(IL)-6,and IL-23.Results:Compared to the normal group,the model group exhibited significantly increased protein expression of S100A8,S100A9,and SAA1 in the knee joint synovial tissue,as well as elevated serum levels of IFN-γ,IL-6,and IL-23(P<0.01).Histopathological analysis revealed marked synovial hyperplasia and extensive infiltration of inflammatory cells in the model group.Compared to the model group,both the moxibustion and medication groups showed significant reductions in the protein expression of S100A8,S100A9,and SAA1 in the synovial tissue,as well as decreased serum levels of IFN-γ,IL-6,and IL-23(P<0.01).Additionally,synovial tissue in these two groups displayed minimal hyperplasia and only mild inflammatory cell infiltration.Notably,compared to the moxibustion group,the medication group exhibited significantly higher protein expression of S100A9 in the synovial tissue(P<0.05),while no significant differences were observed in the expression of S100A8,SAA1,or serum levels of IFN-γ,IL-6,and IL-23(P>0.05).Both intervention groups showed comparable degrees of synovial inflammation,clear tissue structure,and no obvious hyperplasia.Conclusion:Moxibustion can alleviate joint swelling and reduce inflammatory responses in AA rats.Its mechanism may involve regulating the protein expression of S100A8,S100A9,and SAA1 in the knee joint synovial tissue.

Objective:To explore the application effect of BOPPPS teaching model in the teaching of Food Safety Supervision and Management course.Methods:Students of two parallel classes majoring in the Food Quality and Safety of the same grade of a university in Liaoning Province were selected,and the traditional teaching model and BOPPPS teaching model were used for teaching practice respectively.The scores,teaching effect and satisfaction of two groups were compared.Results:The regular performance and total scores of the experimental group were significantly higher than those of the control group(P＜0.05).In terms of enhancing students'interest in food safety supervision,improving knowledge and skills,cultivating self-directed learning and teamwork abilities,strengthening the close connection between the course and real cases,and providing assistance for future career,the experimental group performed significantly better than the control group(P＜0.05).Moreover,the satisfaction of the experimental group was higher than that of the control group(P＜0.05).Conclusion:BOPPPS teaching model has a remarkable effect in the teaching of Food Safety Supervision and Management course,providing an effective approach for the teaching reform of this course.

Objective To investigate the effect of Porphyromonas gingivalis(P.gingivalis)on Th17/Treg imbalance and vascular endothelial function in ApoE-/-mice.Methods Eight-week-old ApoE-/-mice were inoculated orally with P.gingivalis every other day and received high-fat diet for 8 weeks.The alveolar bone loss was assessed by Micro-CT and the oral microflora of mice was analyzed by 16S rRNA sequencing technology.HE staining and oil red O staining were used to detect plaque formation in ApoE-/-mice.The total cholesterol(TC),triglyceride(TG),low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C)and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C)levels of mice were detected by biochemical detection technology.Real-time quantitative PCR(qRT-PCR)and immunohistochemistry(IHC)were used to detect the indicators of endothelial injury in the model aortic plaques,including vascular cell adhesion molecule(VCAM),intercellular adhesion molecule(ICAM),matrix metallopeptidase(MMP)-2 and MMP-9.The relative proportions of Th17 and Treg in aortic plaque and spleen were detected by IHC,qRT-PCR and flow cytometry,including interleukin-17(IL-17),retinoic acid related orphan receptor γt(RORγt)and forkhead box P3(Foxp3).Results In ApoE-/-mice infected with P.gingivalis,the severity of alveolar bone loss was increased(P＜0.01);the diversity of oral microbiota was decreased(P＜0.05),and the composition of oral microbiota was changed.The proportion of atherosclerotic plaque area was increased(P＜0.01),paralleled by elevated serum levels of TG,TC and LDL-C(P＜0.05),alongside a significant de-crease in HDL-C(P＜0.01).Aortic plaques exhibited upregulated protein expression of VCAM and ICAM as well as heightened mRNA levels of ICAM,VCAM,MMP-2 and MMP-9(P＜0.05).The levels of IL-17 related protein and RORγt transcriptional activity in aortic plaque were increased(P＜0.01),while the levels of Foxp3 related protein and gene were decreased(P＜0.01).The ratio of Th17/Treg cells in spleen was imbalanced(P＜0.05).Conclusion Periodontitis caused by the imbalance of the oral flora of ApoE-/-mice induced by P.gingivalis can cause Th17/Treg imbalance in aortic plaque and exacerbate the endothelial dysfunction during ather-osclerosis.

Objective Neurological disorders,constitute the majority of acupuncture-treated ailments.By critically examining a comprehensive selection of high-quality clinical randomized controlled trials(RCTs)from both domestic and international sources,we aimed to uncover the prevailing hot research topic and potential future directions in acupuncture therapy for these conditions.Methods Four databases,including PubMed,Web of science,Cochrane Library and EMBASE were searched.The search period is set from the establishment of each database to November 30,2023.And the search content was RCTs of acupuncture for neurological diseases classified as Ⅰ and Ⅱ by the Chinese Academy of Sciences were extracted.Key aspects extracted included annual publication volume,journals,disease types,outcomes,conclusions,acupuncture methods and control groups.Results A total of 81 high-quality RCTs were identified,revealing a consistent annual publication trend of acupuncture for neurological disorders.Key journals contributing to this research were Cephalalgia,Clinical Rehabilitation and Clinical Journal Of Pain,etc.The studies predominantly focused on migraine and sequela of apoplexy with migraine days/frequency and Ashworth scale and its modifications as commonly used primary outcome indicators,respectively.Overall,there were 73 RCTs that concluded that acupuncture for neurologic disorders were effective,8 were ineffective.The acupuncture methods were diverse,encompassing acupuncture,individualized acupuncture and transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation,etc.The control measures were also varied,featuring sham acupuncture,sham-acupoint and micro-needle,etc.Conclusion With the development of acupuncture RCTs,their international influence has expanded.Research has shifted from validation of effectiveness to exploration of mechanisms,and despite the expansion of the disease spectrum of acupuncture,acupuncture trials have yet to be regulated and standardized,and the assessment of acupuncture efficacy remains controversial and challenging for the discipline.It is recommended to promote multi-center cooperation and strengthen the training of trialists etc.to provide more high-quality clinical evidence.

Objective To investigate the current status of acceptance of disability(AOD)among young and middle-aged spinal cord injury patients and analyze the factors influencing it,in order to provide a basis for nursing managers to develop targeted interventions.Methods From February to July 2024,a convenience sample of 330 young and middle-aged spinal cord injury patients who were hospitalized in 3 tertiary-level hospitals in Henan Province was selected.The survey was conducted using a general information questionnaire,the Brief Adaptation to Disability Scale-Revised,Perceived Social Support Scale,Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale-10 item,Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire,Medical Coping Modes Questionnaire.Results A total of 322 patients were included in the final analysis,yielding a valid response rate of 97.58％.The AOD score for young and middle-aged spinal cord injury patients was(25.99±6.68).Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that gender,education level,type of paralysis,injury duration,pain intensity,social support,psychological resilience,disease perception,and coping styles(confrontation and submission)were influencing factors of AOD(P＜0.05).Conclusion AOD among young and middle-aged spinal cord injury patients is at a moderate level.Healthcare professionals should pay particular attention to male patients,those with low literacy,quadriplegia,shorter injury durations,high pain intensity,low social support,weak psychological resilience,strong disease perception,and yielding coping styles.Timely interventions are recommended to enhance AOD,strengthen rehabilitation outcomes,and improve prognosis.

Objective To investigate the mechanism by which ginkgetin attenuates H9c2 cells injury.Methods H9c2 cells were divided into five groups:control,lipopolysaccharide(LPS),LPS+3-methyladenine(3-MA,an autophagy inhibitor),LPS+ginkgetin,and LPS+3-MA+ginkgetin.Cell viability and cytotoxicity were assessed using the cell CCK-8 and lactate dehydrogenase assays,respectively.Immunofluorescence staining for LC3,monodansylcadaverine staining for autophagosomes,and flow cytometry were used to measure apop-tosis rates.Quantitative real-time PCR was performed to measure the expression of NR4A2/p53/Bax pathway.Western blotting was used to detect the expression of NR4A2,p53,Bax,LC3,Beclin-1,p62,cleaved caspase-3,and Bcl-2 proteins.Results Compared to the LPS group,ginkgetin significantly increased LC3 fluorescence levels and monodansylcadaverine fluorescence intensity,decreased apoptosis,upregulated NR4A2,downregulated p53 and Bax,increased LC3,Beclin-1,and Bcl-2 proteins,and decreased p62 and cleaved caspase-3(P＜0.05).The autophagic inhibitor,3-MA,confirmed that ginkgetin protected H9c2 cells from LPS-induced apoptosis via autophagy regulation.Conclusion Ginkgetin mitigated cardiomyocyte injury by enhancing autophagic flux and alleviating LPS-induced H9c2 cells apoptosis by modulating the NR4A2/p53/Bax pathway.

Oxidative stress(OS)and dopaminergic neuron(DN)dysfunction are implicated in the pathogenesis and progression of various neurological disorders.As the primary active component of the traditional Chinese herb Scutellaria baicalensis,baicalin has garnered significant attention due to its potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.Baicalin exhibits a particular affinity for the dopamine(DA)system,maintaining cerebral DA levels by regulating oxidative stress(OS)-related pathways,suggesting that the DA system serves as the"intracerebral target system"through which it exerts its neuroprotective effects.Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2(Nrf2),a central transcription factor regulating redox homeostasis,plays a pivotal role in the anti-OS process mediated by baicalin.This systematic review covers the pharmacological effects of baicalin,providing an in-depth mechanistic analysis of the interaction between OS and DN,with a focus on the latest research progress in baicalin-mediated treatment of OS through the Nrf2 signaling pathway in neurological diseases to provide theoretical references for the pharmacological and molecular mechanisms of baicalin's anti-OS modulation of the DA system for the treatment of neurological diseases.

Objective:To explore the application effect of BOPPPS teaching model in the teaching of Food Safety Supervision and Management course.Methods:Students of two parallel classes majoring in the Food Quality and Safety of the same grade of a university in Liaoning Province were selected,and the traditional teaching model and BOPPPS teaching model were used for teaching practice respectively.The scores,teaching effect and satisfaction of two groups were compared.Results:The regular performance and total scores of the experimental group were significantly higher than those of the control group(P＜0.05).In terms of enhancing students'interest in food safety supervision,improving knowledge and skills,cultivating self-directed learning and teamwork abilities,strengthening the close connection between the course and real cases,and providing assistance for future career,the experimental group performed significantly better than the control group(P＜0.05).Moreover,the satisfaction of the experimental group was higher than that of the control group(P＜0.05).Conclusion:BOPPPS teaching model has a remarkable effect in the teaching of Food Safety Supervision and Management course,providing an effective approach for the teaching reform of this course.