Objective To explore the efficacy of extracting biopsy needle pose in chest CT images based on point cloud processing.Methods Three-dimensional point clouds were generated through segmentation of chest CT images and surface reconstruction.Spatial point cloud clustering and geometric constraints were applied to filter regions contained the puncture needle in space.The principal direction of the needle was judged using principal component analysis,and a cylindrical model was constructed to enclose the needle data.Then random sample consensus algorithm was used for needle trajectory fitting to accurately extract the spatial position and orientation of the puncture needle.The efficacy of the above method was evaluated using a 3D-printed anatomical model based on common clinical combinations of puncture depths and angles.Results The anatomical model experiments showed a 100％success rate in puncture needle identification,with angular error of(1.013±0.424)° and positional error of(2.023±1.553)mm,indicating that this method had good accuracy and stability.Conclusion The puncture needle's position in chest CT images could be extracted with high precision based on point cloud processing.

Objective To observe the impact factors of vascular heat sink effect during in vitro microwave ablation(MWA)of porcine lung.Methods Simulation models were established using in vitro porcine lung tissue blocks based on isobaric inflation with an air pump and cyclic perfusion of duck blood with a glass tube and peristaltic pump,etc.MWA was performed under 8 different combining conditions(vessel diameter of 3 or 5 mm,blood perfusion of 30 or 50 cm/s,as well as distance between vessel and ablation antenna of 5 or 10 mm)each for 3 times.The highest temperature TV on vessel side and TC on control side during MWA,and ablation depth DV on vessel side and DC on control side after MWA were recorded.Multi-factor linear regression equations were constructed based on simulated vessel diameters,blood perfusion and distance between vessel and ablation antenna,and the impact factors of|TC-TV|and|DC-DV|were screened,respectively.Results Simulated vessel diameter showed linear positive correlation with both|TC-TV|and|DC-DV|(both P＜0.001).Simulated distance between vessel and ablation antenna showed linear negative correlation with both|TC-TV|and|DC-DV|(both P＜0.001),and the latter had more obvious impact on vascular heat sink effect than the former.Meanwhile,no significant linear relationship was found between simulated blood perfusion and|TC-TV|nor|DC-DV|(both P＞0.05).Conclusion Simulated vessel diameter and distance between vessel and ablation antenna were both impact factors of vascular heat sink effect during in vitro MWA of porcine lung,and the latter was more influential,whereas simulated blood perfusion showed no significant impact on it.

Objective To evaluate the application of modified chairside case-based learning(CBL)in the teaching of dental residents in the prosthodontic clinic.Methods Dental residents in Peking Union Medical College Hospital from September 2022 to September 2024 were enrolled.Traditional CBL was conducted in control group.Modified chairside CBL was conducted in test group.The scores of department rotation examination and questionnaire results were analyzed with t-test statistical analysis.Results The score of"patient reception"in test group was significantly higher than control group(P＜0.05).24 valid questionnaires were collected in two groups each.The rate of approval in test group was significantly higher than control group in the following items of questionnaire,including"reduce learning pressure or burden""improve the capacity of doctor-patient communication""improve the capacity of literature review""improve the capacity of group cooperation"(P＜0.05).Conclusions Modified chairside CBL has showed good teaching effects in improving the capacity of patient reception,doctor-patient communication,literature review,group cooperation,and meanwhile reduced learning pressure or burden.

Objective To explore the need and evaluate the effectiveness for head-simulator in the teaching of sto-matology within the eight-year program of clinical medicine.Methods Questionnaire survey was conducted among the students from 2017 cohort of the eight-year program of clinical medicine at Peking Union Medical College.The survey results were statistically analyzed and described.Results Totally 87.9％of the students believed that incor-porating head-simulator into the clinical practice course of stomatology were necessary,and 93.9％expressed will-ingness to join the training.Most students preferred to practice peri-odontal scaling and cavity preparation for caries during the simulated training sessions.The majority of students considered two or four class hours of simulated head teaching to be reasonable.The pilot head simulation training was successfully implemented;75.0％of the students acknowledged clear teaching and convincible demonstrations.All the trainees agreed that the head simulation course helped them better understand stomatology knowledge,stimulated their interest in learning and expressed a desire for increased head simulation sessions during clinical practice course of stomatology.Additionally,87.5％of the students preferred head simulation training course to be applied in classic clinical clerkships.Conclusions There is strong demand among students of eight-year program of clinical medicine for incorporating head-simulator into the education of stomatology.The pilot simulation training received positive evaluations.Further exploration is needed to optimize specific scheduling and content arrangement.

CT-guided thermal ablation is a critical modality for treating lung cancer.Invasive thermometry techniques demonstrated sufficient accuracy for monitoring temperature of the target area during ablation,but their clinical application were limited since procedural invasiveness and relatively high risk of complications.Being non-invasive,safe and capable of global monitoring,non-invasive thermometry techniques have broad application prospects.The status of non-invasive thermometry techniques for CT-guided thermal ablation for lung cancer were reviewed in this article.

CT-guided thermal ablation is a critical modality for treating lung cancer.Invasive thermometry techniques demonstrated sufficient accuracy for monitoring temperature of the target area during ablation,but their clinical application were limited since procedural invasiveness and relatively high risk of complications.Being non-invasive,safe and capable of global monitoring,non-invasive thermometry techniques have broad application prospects.The status of non-invasive thermometry techniques for CT-guided thermal ablation for lung cancer were reviewed in this article.

Objective:To investigate the association between serum thyroid-stimulating hormone(TSH) level and the 10-year risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease(ASCVD) in men over 50 years old with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).Methods:This study included male T2DM patients aged≥50 years, diagnosed at the First Hospital of Lanzhou University between July 2021 and March 2022. Patients were categorized into three groups based on serum TSH level: elevated TSH group(T3, TSH>5.91 mIU/L) and normal TSH group, which was further divided into T1(0.56 mIU/L≤TSH<3.24 mIU/L) and T2(3.24 mIU/L≤TSH≤5.91 mIU/L) group. The 10-year ASCVD risk index was compared across groups. Spearman correlation and multiple linear regression analyses were used to assess the independent association between TSH level and 10-year ASCVD risk index. Results:A total of 490 male T2DM patients aged≥50 years were included(T1: 310, T2: 131, T3: 49). The 10-year ASCVD risk index was significantly higher in T3 group than that in T1 group(18.40% vs 13.90%, χ2=9.47, P<0.05). Serum TSH level showed a positive correlation with the 10-year ASCVD risk( r=0.144, P<0.05). After adjusting for confounders such as age, hypertension, lipid profile, diabetes duration, aspartate aminotransferase, albumin, lactate dehydrogenase, estimated glomerular filtration rate, creatinine, and phosphorus, multiple linear regression confirmed that TSH level was independently associated with the 10-year ASCVD risk index( β=0.23, 95% CI 0.02-0.45). Conclusions:Higher serum TSH level is independently associated with an increased 10-year ASCVD risk in men over 50 years old with T2DM. Regular TSH monitoring may aid in cardiovascular risk stratification in this population.

Objective To observe the impact factors of vascular heat sink effect during in vitro microwave ablation(MWA)of porcine lung.Methods Simulation models were established using in vitro porcine lung tissue blocks based on isobaric inflation with an air pump and cyclic perfusion of duck blood with a glass tube and peristaltic pump,etc.MWA was performed under 8 different combining conditions(vessel diameter of 3 or 5 mm,blood perfusion of 30 or 50 cm/s,as well as distance between vessel and ablation antenna of 5 or 10 mm)each for 3 times.The highest temperature TV on vessel side and TC on control side during MWA,and ablation depth DV on vessel side and DC on control side after MWA were recorded.Multi-factor linear regression equations were constructed based on simulated vessel diameters,blood perfusion and distance between vessel and ablation antenna,and the impact factors of|TC-TV|and|DC-DV|were screened,respectively.Results Simulated vessel diameter showed linear positive correlation with both|TC-TV|and|DC-DV|(both P＜0.001).Simulated distance between vessel and ablation antenna showed linear negative correlation with both|TC-TV|and|DC-DV|(both P＜0.001),and the latter had more obvious impact on vascular heat sink effect than the former.Meanwhile,no significant linear relationship was found between simulated blood perfusion and|TC-TV|nor|DC-DV|(both P＞0.05).Conclusion Simulated vessel diameter and distance between vessel and ablation antenna were both impact factors of vascular heat sink effect during in vitro MWA of porcine lung,and the latter was more influential,whereas simulated blood perfusion showed no significant impact on it.

Objective:To investigate the association between serum thyroid-stimulating hormone(TSH) level and the 10-year risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease(ASCVD) in men over 50 years old with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).Methods:This study included male T2DM patients aged≥50 years, diagnosed at the First Hospital of Lanzhou University between July 2021 and March 2022. Patients were categorized into three groups based on serum TSH level: elevated TSH group(T3, TSH>5.91 mIU/L) and normal TSH group, which was further divided into T1(0.56 mIU/L≤TSH<3.24 mIU/L) and T2(3.24 mIU/L≤TSH≤5.91 mIU/L) group. The 10-year ASCVD risk index was compared across groups. Spearman correlation and multiple linear regression analyses were used to assess the independent association between TSH level and 10-year ASCVD risk index. Results:A total of 490 male T2DM patients aged≥50 years were included(T1: 310, T2: 131, T3: 49). The 10-year ASCVD risk index was significantly higher in T3 group than that in T1 group(18.40% vs 13.90%, χ2=9.47, P<0.05). Serum TSH level showed a positive correlation with the 10-year ASCVD risk( r=0.144, P<0.05). After adjusting for confounders such as age, hypertension, lipid profile, diabetes duration, aspartate aminotransferase, albumin, lactate dehydrogenase, estimated glomerular filtration rate, creatinine, and phosphorus, multiple linear regression confirmed that TSH level was independently associated with the 10-year ASCVD risk index( β=0.23, 95% CI 0.02-0.45). Conclusions:Higher serum TSH level is independently associated with an increased 10-year ASCVD risk in men over 50 years old with T2DM. Regular TSH monitoring may aid in cardiovascular risk stratification in this population.

Objective To explore the efficacy of extracting biopsy needle pose in chest CT images based on point cloud processing.Methods Three-dimensional point clouds were generated through segmentation of chest CT images and surface reconstruction.Spatial point cloud clustering and geometric constraints were applied to filter regions contained the puncture needle in space.The principal direction of the needle was judged using principal component analysis,and a cylindrical model was constructed to enclose the needle data.Then random sample consensus algorithm was used for needle trajectory fitting to accurately extract the spatial position and orientation of the puncture needle.The efficacy of the above method was evaluated using a 3D-printed anatomical model based on common clinical combinations of puncture depths and angles.Results The anatomical model experiments showed a 100％success rate in puncture needle identification,with angular error of(1.013±0.424)° and positional error of(2.023±1.553)mm,indicating that this method had good accuracy and stability.Conclusion The puncture needle's position in chest CT images could be extracted with high precision based on point cloud processing.