Objective:To construct an indicator system for a nursing science and technology innovation curriculum guided by innovation competence, in order to provide a reference for cultivating innovation ability in nursing students.Methods:The overall research period was from March to December 2024. A nursing innovation curriculum indicator framework was initially developed through literature analysis and brainstorming. From October to December 2024, 19 experts from nine hospitals or universities across five provinces and cities were selected via purposive sampling to participate in two rounds of Delphi consultation. Revisions were made based on expert feedback.Results:Both rounds of expert consultation achieved a 100% response rate. The authority coefficient of the experts was 0.92. The final indicator system included four curriculum elements: course content, course objectives, teaching methods, and assessment, encompassing 14 first-level indicators and 40 second-level indicators.Conclusions:The innovation-oriented indicator system for nursing science and technology education demonstrates good scientific validity and reliability. It offers a foundational framework for advancing innovation-focused nursing education and curriculum design.

Objective:To investigate the correlation between frailty and immune markers in elderly patients diagnosed with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction(HFpEF).Methods:A total of 416 elderly patients with HFpEF, who were hospitalized in the Department of Geriatrics at Henan Provincial People's Hospital from March 2021 to December 2023, were selected as research subjects.The Fried frailty phenotype was employed to assess frailty.Fasting venous blood samples were collected to measure levels of CD4+ T lymphocytes, CD8+ T lymphocytes, the CD4+ /CD8+ ratio, and immunoglobulins A, M, and G. Spearman correlation analysis and multiple linear regression analysis were conducted to evaluate the relationship between frailty scores and immune markers.Results:Spearman correlation analysis revealed a significant association between frailty score and the CD4+ /CD8+ ratio( r=-0.659, P<0.001), immunoglobulin A( r=-0.454, P<0.001), immunoglobulin M( r=-0.522, P<0.001), and immunoglobulin G( r=-0.802, P<0.001).Furthermore, multiple linear regression analysis indicated that, after adjusting for confounding factors, frailty score served as a significant negative predictor of the CD4+ /CD8+ ratio( β=-0.562, P<0.001), immunoglobulin A( β=-0.366, P<0.001), immunoglobulin M( β=-0.445, P<0.001), and immunoglobulin G( β=-0.772, P<0.001).In comparison to the non-frail group, the frail group exhibited significantly lower values for the CD4+ /CD8+ ratio( β=-0.666, P<0.001)and levels of immunoglobulin A( β=-0.514, P<0.001), immunoglobulin M( β=-0.526, P<0.001), and immunoglobulin G( β=-0.814, P<0.001). Conclusions:In hospitalized elderly patients with heart failure with HFpEF, frailty serves as an independent risk factor for the reduction of the CD4+ /CD8+ ratio, as well as levels of immunoglobulin A, immunoglobulin M, and immunoglobulin G. Furthermore, the frailty score demonstrates a significant negative predictive value for these immunological markers.Therefore, it is essential to enhance our understanding of frailty and to prioritize its prevention and treatment, as this may help mitigate immune dysfunction and promote recovery in elderly patients.

Objective To conduct an analysis on objective data of tongue manifestations and complexions among college students with yang deficiency constitution and balanced constitution,thus to explore the correlation between yang deficiency constitution and the objective data of tongue manifestations and complexions among college students.Methods From August 2023 to January 2024,data collection was carried out in 325 cases of yang deficiency constitution(yang deficiency group)and 175 cases of balanced constitution(balanced group)from college students of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine,Central South University,Hunan Normal University,Hunan University and Changsha University of Science and Technology in Hunan Province.YM-MA-Ⅰ digital detection system for tongue manifestations and complexions of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)was utilized for data collection and image analysis,and the differences in the Lab parameters of tongue color,tongue shape,tongue coating color,complexions,and lip color were compared between yang deficiency group and balanced group.Of the Lab parameters,letter"L"stands for luminance,which expresses the luminance from absolute black to absolute white,and takes the value of 0-100;letter"a"and letter"b"stand for two color channels,letter"a"represents the color from dark green to grey then to bright pink,and takes a value from-128 to 127,and letter"b"represents the color from bright blue to grey then to yellow,and also takes a value from-128 to 127.Results(1)The analysis of tongue manifestations showed that in comparison with the balanced group,enlarged tongue(72.62％),tooth-marked tongue(83.69％),and greasy coating(59.38％)were frequently seen in the yang deficiency group,and the differences were all statistically significant(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01).(2)The analysis of complexions showed that in comparison with the balanced group,lusterless complexion(79.08％)and pale lip(42.15％)were frequently seen in the yang deficiency group,with statistically significant differences(P＜0.01).(3)The yang deficiency group had higher L value of tongue color,L value of tongue coating color,L value of complexions,and L and b values of lip color than the balanced group,and the differences were all statistically significant(P＜0.05),indicating that the tongue color,complexions,and lip color of the yang deficiency group were all pale.Conclusion The objective data and image analysis of tongue manifestations and complexions can accurately identify the population of yang deficiency constitution from college students,and the results will provide approaches and references for the identification of other TCM constitutions from the population.

Objective:To construct an indicator system for a nursing science and technology innovation curriculum guided by innovation competence, in order to provide a reference for cultivating innovation ability in nursing students.Methods:The overall research period was from March to December 2024. A nursing innovation curriculum indicator framework was initially developed through literature analysis and brainstorming. From October to December 2024, 19 experts from nine hospitals or universities across five provinces and cities were selected via purposive sampling to participate in two rounds of Delphi consultation. Revisions were made based on expert feedback.Results:Both rounds of expert consultation achieved a 100% response rate. The authority coefficient of the experts was 0.92. The final indicator system included four curriculum elements: course content, course objectives, teaching methods, and assessment, encompassing 14 first-level indicators and 40 second-level indicators.Conclusions:The innovation-oriented indicator system for nursing science and technology education demonstrates good scientific validity and reliability. It offers a foundational framework for advancing innovation-focused nursing education and curriculum design.

Objective:To investigate the correlation between frailty and immune markers in elderly patients diagnosed with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction(HFpEF).Methods:A total of 416 elderly patients with HFpEF, who were hospitalized in the Department of Geriatrics at Henan Provincial People's Hospital from March 2021 to December 2023, were selected as research subjects.The Fried frailty phenotype was employed to assess frailty.Fasting venous blood samples were collected to measure levels of CD4+ T lymphocytes, CD8+ T lymphocytes, the CD4+ /CD8+ ratio, and immunoglobulins A, M, and G. Spearman correlation analysis and multiple linear regression analysis were conducted to evaluate the relationship between frailty scores and immune markers.Results:Spearman correlation analysis revealed a significant association between frailty score and the CD4+ /CD8+ ratio( r=-0.659, P<0.001), immunoglobulin A( r=-0.454, P<0.001), immunoglobulin M( r=-0.522, P<0.001), and immunoglobulin G( r=-0.802, P<0.001).Furthermore, multiple linear regression analysis indicated that, after adjusting for confounding factors, frailty score served as a significant negative predictor of the CD4+ /CD8+ ratio( β=-0.562, P<0.001), immunoglobulin A( β=-0.366, P<0.001), immunoglobulin M( β=-0.445, P<0.001), and immunoglobulin G( β=-0.772, P<0.001).In comparison to the non-frail group, the frail group exhibited significantly lower values for the CD4+ /CD8+ ratio( β=-0.666, P<0.001)and levels of immunoglobulin A( β=-0.514, P<0.001), immunoglobulin M( β=-0.526, P<0.001), and immunoglobulin G( β=-0.814, P<0.001). Conclusions:In hospitalized elderly patients with heart failure with HFpEF, frailty serves as an independent risk factor for the reduction of the CD4+ /CD8+ ratio, as well as levels of immunoglobulin A, immunoglobulin M, and immunoglobulin G. Furthermore, the frailty score demonstrates a significant negative predictive value for these immunological markers.Therefore, it is essential to enhance our understanding of frailty and to prioritize its prevention and treatment, as this may help mitigate immune dysfunction and promote recovery in elderly patients.

Background::In the clinic, practitioners encounter many patients with an abnormal pattern of dense punctate magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) signal in the basal ganglia, a phenomenon known as "cheese sign". This sign is reported as common in cerebrovascular diseases, dementia, and old age. Recently, cheese sign has been speculated to consist of dense perivascular space (PVS). This study aimed to assess the lesion types of cheese sign and analyze the correlation between this sign and vascular disease risk factors.Methods::A total of 812 patients from Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH) dementia cohort were enrolled. We analyzed the relationship between cheese sign and vascular risk. For assessing cheese sign and defining its degree, the abnormal punctate signals were classified into basal ganglia hyperintensity (BGH), PVS, lacunae/infarctions and microbleeds, and counted separately. Each type of lesion was rated on a four-level scale, and then the sum was calculated; this total was defined as the cheese sign score. Fazekas and Age-Related White Matter Changes (ARWMC) scores were used to evaluate the paraventricular, deep, and subcortical gray/white matter hyperintensities.Results::A total of 118 patients (14.5%) in this dementia cohort were found to have cheese sign. Age (odds ratio [OR]: 1.090, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.064-1.120, P <0.001), hypertension (OR: 1.828, 95% CI: 1.123-2.983, P = 0.014), and stroke (OR: 1.901, 95% CI: 1.092-3.259, P = 0.025) were risk factors for cheese sign. There was no significant relationship between diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and cheese sign. The main components of cheese sign were BGH, PVS, and lacunae/infarction. The proportion of PVS increased with cheese sign severity. Conclusions::The risk factors for cheese sign were hypertension, age, and stroke. Cheese sign consists of BGH, PVS, and lacunae/infarction.

OBJECTIVE To clarify the core content of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） policy in the provinces of China， so as to provide reference for optimizing the structure of the policy system of traditional Chinese medicine in China and assisting the inheritance and innovation of TCM industry in various regions. METHODS The websites of directly affiliated organs in 31 provinces， excluding Hong Kong， Macao and Taiwan， were retrieved to collect the TCM policies released from 2000 to 2021. The importance of keywords in the TCM policies of each province was measured based on term frequency-inverse documentation frequency （TF-IDF） keyword extraction method， and the similarities and differences were analyzed among TCM policies. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS A total of 99 documents related to TCM policies of various provinces were obtained in this study， most of which were released after 2016. The theme of national TCM policy covered four aspects： building TCM talent team， perfecting TCM service system， strengthening TCM resource management and promoting TCM industry innovation. The TF-IDF values of “medical institutions”“traditional Chinese medicine”“medical treatment” were higher than other keywords in each province， indicating that the provinces paid more attention to the construction of TCM service system and the management of TCM resources than other aspects. Anhui and Jiangsu， Beijing and Henan， Hubei and Jilin， Hubei and Tianjin， and Hubei and Yunnan had the more degree of similarity in TCM policies， which all contained 16 of the same keywords. Therefore， the above regions should be encouraged to strengthen exchanges and cooperation and realize mutual promotion and joint development. Among all the keywords whose importance ratio was greater than 0.2，“ Tibetan medicine” was unique to Qinghai and Tibet，“ disease type” was unique to Guangdong， and the TF-IDF value of “supervision and management” in Beijing was higher， indicating that the emphasis of TCM policy formulation in different provinces was various. Meanwhile， the top 10 keywords of TF- IDF value in all provinces did not have words related to financial input， and the TF-IDF values of “informatization” in most provinces did not rank at the top. It is suggested to increase financial input or encourage social financing， and add “Internet+new business” in the field of TCM.

Objective:To investigate the clinical efficacy and mechanism of Qingchang Yuyang Decoction retention enema combined with hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) in treating ulcerative colitis.Methods:A total of 92 patients with ulcerative colitis treated in the Department of Gastroenterology of Laiyang Central Hospital from April 2016 to May 2020 were selected as the research objects and were divided into observation group and control group according to the treatment methods. There were 54 cases in the observation group and 38 cases in the control group. The patients in the control group were given oral mesalazine, and were treated with Qingchang Yuyang Decoction retention enema once a day. The patients in the observation group were additionally treated with HBO on the basis of the treatment of the control group. The therapeutic effects were evaluated by colonoscopy grading criteria and clinical symptom score; and the clinical efficacy of the two groups was assessed by the modified Mayo endoscopic score (MMES). The quantitative analysis of the expression levels of serum asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) in the two groups were conducted by fluorescence derivatives and capillary electrophoresis (CE); the expression levels of serum tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). After six months of follow-up, the recurrence rates of the two groups were statistically analyzed.Results:The total effective rate in the observation group (90.74%) was significantly higher than that in the control group (73.68%), with a statistically significant difference ( χ2=5.893, P<0.05). The total score of clinical symptom assessment in the observation group after treatment (0.94±0.13) was significantly lower than that in the control group (1.33±0.16), with a statistically significant difference ( P<0.05). The total score of colonoscopy examination in the observation group after treatment (0.97±0.10) was significantly lower than that in the control group (1.41±0.16), with a statistically significant difference ( P<0.05). The Mayo scores of the two groups after treatment were significantly lower than those before treatment ( P<0.05), and the Mayo score of the observation group after treatment was lower than that of the control group after treatment ( P<0.05). After four courses of treatment, the levels of ADMA, TNF-α, and IL-6 in the two groups were significantly decreased, and the levels of ADMA, TNF-α, and IL-6 in the observation group after treatment were significantly lower than those in the control group after treatment ( P<0.05 or P<0.01). All the patients were followed up for six months. The recurrence rates of ulcerative colitis were 10.2% (5/49) in the observation group and 25.0% (7/28) in the control group, respectively ( χ2=6.013, P<0.05). Conclusion:Qingchang Yuyang Decoction retention enema after HBO treatment of ulcerative colitis can reduce the inflammation of intestinal wall and promote the healing of ulcer. It has better clinical efficacy and lower recurrence rate than mesalazine combined with Qingchang Yuyang Decoction. Therefore, it can be widely applied in clinical practice.

Objective:To investigate the clinical efficacy and mechanism of Qingchang Yuyang Decoction retention enema combined with hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) in treating ulcerative colitis.Methods:A total of 92 patients with ulcerative colitis treated in the Department of Gastroenterology of Laiyang Central Hospital from April 2016 to May 2020 were selected as the research objects and were divided into observation group and control group according to the treatment methods. There were 54 cases in the observation group and 38 cases in the control group. The patients in the control group were given oral mesalazine, and were treated with Qingchang Yuyang Decoction retention enema once a day. The patients in the observation group were additionally treated with HBO on the basis of the treatment of the control group. The therapeutic effects were evaluated by colonoscopy grading criteria and clinical symptom score; and the clinical efficacy of the two groups was assessed by the modified Mayo endoscopic score (MMES). The quantitative analysis of the expression levels of serum asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) in the two groups were conducted by fluorescence derivatives and capillary electrophoresis (CE); the expression levels of serum tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). After six months of follow-up, the recurrence rates of the two groups were statistically analyzed.Results:The total effective rate in the observation group (90.74%) was significantly higher than that in the control group (73.68%), with a statistically significant difference ( χ2=5.893, P<0.05). The total score of clinical symptom assessment in the observation group after treatment (0.94±0.13) was significantly lower than that in the control group (1.33±0.16), with a statistically significant difference ( P<0.05). The total score of colonoscopy examination in the observation group after treatment (0.97±0.10) was significantly lower than that in the control group (1.41±0.16), with a statistically significant difference ( P<0.05). The Mayo scores of the two groups after treatment were significantly lower than those before treatment ( P<0.05), and the Mayo score of the observation group after treatment was lower than that of the control group after treatment ( P<0.05). After four courses of treatment, the levels of ADMA, TNF-α, and IL-6 in the two groups were significantly decreased, and the levels of ADMA, TNF-α, and IL-6 in the observation group after treatment were significantly lower than those in the control group after treatment ( P<0.05 or P<0.01). All the patients were followed up for six months. The recurrence rates of ulcerative colitis were 10.2% (5/49) in the observation group and 25.0% (7/28) in the control group, respectively ( χ2=6.013, P<0.05). Conclusion:Qingchang Yuyang Decoction retention enema after HBO treatment of ulcerative colitis can reduce the inflammation of intestinal wall and promote the healing of ulcer. It has better clinical efficacy and lower recurrence rate than mesalazine combined with Qingchang Yuyang Decoction. Therefore, it can be widely applied in clinical practice.