ObjectiveTo investigate the microbial contamination status of commercially available ready-to-eat (RTE) foods in Songjiang District of Shanghai, to verify the potential food safety hazards, so as to provide a scientific basis for the local regulation of RTE foods and the prevention of foodborne diseases. MethodsA total of 882 food samples from 9 categories of RTE foods were collected in Shanghai from 2017 to 2022. Salmonella, Listeria monocytogenes, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Staphyloccus aureus and Bacillus cereus were detected according to the standard operating procedures in the Manual for China National Food Contamination and Harmful Factors Risk Monitoring, and which were determined with reference to relevant standards. ResultsA total of 77 samples were found to carry foodborne pathogens, with a total detection rate of 8.73%. Among the 5 foodborne pathogens, Bacillus cereus had the highest detection rate (8.35%), followed by Vibrio parahaemolyticus (5.05%), and the difference of detection rates among the 5 foodborne pathogens was statistically significant (χ²=112.307, P<0.001). Among the 9 categories of RTE food products, the detection rate of foodborne pathogens in RTE fermented/non-fermented soybean products was the highest (27.50%), followed by cold noodles (17.33%) and raw edible aquatic products (9.50%), and the difference in the detection rates of foodborne pathogens among different RTE food categories was statistically significant (χ²=45.909, P<0.001). The detection rate of foodborne pathogens in the third quarter of the year was 10.99%, significantly higher than that in other quarters (χ²=10.329, P=0.016). The detection rate of foodborne pathogens in samples from supermarkets was highest (15.08%), followed by snack bars (11.58%), with a statistically significant difference (χ²=14.108, P=0.015). ConclusionFoodborne pathogens contamination is found in commercially available RTE foods in Songjiang District of Shanghai, especially in RTE fermented/non-fermented soybean products, RTE cold noodles and raw edible aquatic products from supermarkets, snack bars and farm products markets during summer and autumn. Therefore, it is crucial to strengthen supervision and management to avoid the foodborne diseases.

Objective:To evaluate the potential value of 18×10 3 translocator protein (TSPO) radioligand ( N, N-diethy1-2-(2-(4-(2- 18F-fluoroethoxy) phenyl)-5, 7-dimethylpyrazolo[1, 5-A]pyrimidin-3-yl)acetamide, 18F-DPA-714) PET compared with conventional MR in the detection of autoimmune encephalitis (AE), the correlation with clinical symptoms, and the monitoring of immunotherapy efficacy in patients with AE. Methods:From December 2021 to June 2024, 45 AE patients (17 males, 28 females, age (38.3±17.0) years) diagnosed at Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine and 10 healthy volunteers (7 males, 3 females, age (28.7±5.1) years) were enrolled in this prospective study. All participants underwent baseline 18F-DPA-714 PET/MR scans, and 23 of these AE patients underwent further follow-up 18F-DPA-714 PET/MR scans. 18F-DPA-714 PET positivity was defined as having an uptake intensity threshold higher than the mean SUV ratio (SUVR)+ 2 s of the corresponding brain region in healthy controls. MR positivity was defined as abnormal hyperintensity in a specific brain region or multiple brain regions on the T 2 fluid attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR). The positive detection rates of 18F-DPA-714 PET and MR was analyzed using McNemar χ2 test, and the differences in the uptake intensity (SUVR) of 18F-DPA-714 between symptomatic and non-symptomatic groups, and between remission and non-remission groups after immunotherapy were compared using independent-sample t test or Wilcoxon rank sum test. Spearman rank correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between the changing rate of SUVR and the changing of the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score before and after treatment. Results:The positive detecting rate of 18F-DPA-714 PET for AE was significantly higher than that of MR (73.3%(33/45) vs 35.6%(16/45); χ2=11.56, P=0.001). The cerebellar SUVR of ataxia patients was significantly higher than that of asymptomatic patients (1.22(1.06, 1.33) vs 1.08(0.99, 1.20); Z=-2.14, P=0.034). Follow-up imaging showed that the SUVR of patients in the remission group after immunotherapy was significantly lower than that in the non-remission group ((-15.19±10.17)% vs (14.26±13.36)%; t=5.81, P<0.001). There was a significant correlation between the changing rate of SUVR and the changing of the mRS score before and after treatment ( rs=0.65, P<0.001). Conclusion:Compared with conventional MR, 18F-DPA-714 PET has a higher positive detecting rate for AE, and has the potential to reflect the clinical symptoms of AE and monitor the efficacy of immunotherapy.

In recent years,with the continuous advancement of deep space exploration missions,astronauts have been increasingly exposed to complex and extreme environmental factors in space,such as microgravity,space radiation,circadian rhythm disruption,and confined isolation.These conditions can easily induce brain dysfunction in astronauts,manifesting as cognitive decline,emotional disturbances,sleep disorders,and neuroinflammatory responses.Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM),characterized by its holistic regulation and syndrome differentiation-based treatment principles,exhibits multi-target regulation and systemic coordination,and has attracted growing attention in the field of brain function protection.This study systematically reviews the protective applications and research progress of TCM and related techniques in both actual spaceflight missions and simulated space environment models against brain functional disorders.The underlying mechanisms and future prospects are discussed,with the aim of providing insights for safeguarding astronauts'brain health and laying a theoretical foundation for the precise intervention and systematic protection strategies of TCM in future deep space missions.

Objective:To investigate serological characteristics of Rhnull with anti-Rh29 and its rare gene sequence.Methods:Microcolumn gel method was used for ABO and RhCcDEe blood typing,accidental antibody identification and cross matching.RHD/RHCE genotype and sequencing analysis were performed by PCR-SSP method.RHAG gene was sequenced by fluorescence PCR method.Antigen or protein associated with Rh complex was detected by flow cytometry.Results:Blood group of the patient was A,Rh pheno-type was typed as group C-c-D-E-e,presented with symptoms of anemia,proportion of globular and oral erythrocytes in blood smear was 6.0%and 0.8%,respectively,RH genotype was CCDee,and immune anti-Rh29 high-frequency antigen were developed.RHAG gene sequencing revealed exons 8,9 and 10 deletion.Conclusion:Mechanism of"regulator"type Rhnull generation in this study is caused by deletion of exons 8,9 and 10 in RHAG gene.

Objective:To investigate serological characteristics of Rhnull with anti-Rh29 and its rare gene sequence.Methods:Microcolumn gel method was used for ABO and RhCcDEe blood typing,accidental antibody identification and cross matching.RHD/RHCE genotype and sequencing analysis were performed by PCR-SSP method.RHAG gene was sequenced by fluorescence PCR method.Antigen or protein associated with Rh complex was detected by flow cytometry.Results:Blood group of the patient was A,Rh pheno-type was typed as group C-c-D-E-e,presented with symptoms of anemia,proportion of globular and oral erythrocytes in blood smear was 6.0%and 0.8%,respectively,RH genotype was CCDee,and immune anti-Rh29 high-frequency antigen were developed.RHAG gene sequencing revealed exons 8,9 and 10 deletion.Conclusion:Mechanism of"regulator"type Rhnull generation in this study is caused by deletion of exons 8,9 and 10 in RHAG gene.

Objective:To evaluate the potential value of 18×10 3 translocator protein (TSPO) radioligand ( N, N-diethy1-2-(2-(4-(2- 18F-fluoroethoxy) phenyl)-5, 7-dimethylpyrazolo[1, 5-A]pyrimidin-3-yl)acetamide, 18F-DPA-714) PET compared with conventional MR in the detection of autoimmune encephalitis (AE), the correlation with clinical symptoms, and the monitoring of immunotherapy efficacy in patients with AE. Methods:From December 2021 to June 2024, 45 AE patients (17 males, 28 females, age (38.3±17.0) years) diagnosed at Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine and 10 healthy volunteers (7 males, 3 females, age (28.7±5.1) years) were enrolled in this prospective study. All participants underwent baseline 18F-DPA-714 PET/MR scans, and 23 of these AE patients underwent further follow-up 18F-DPA-714 PET/MR scans. 18F-DPA-714 PET positivity was defined as having an uptake intensity threshold higher than the mean SUV ratio (SUVR)+ 2 s of the corresponding brain region in healthy controls. MR positivity was defined as abnormal hyperintensity in a specific brain region or multiple brain regions on the T 2 fluid attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR). The positive detection rates of 18F-DPA-714 PET and MR was analyzed using McNemar χ2 test, and the differences in the uptake intensity (SUVR) of 18F-DPA-714 between symptomatic and non-symptomatic groups, and between remission and non-remission groups after immunotherapy were compared using independent-sample t test or Wilcoxon rank sum test. Spearman rank correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between the changing rate of SUVR and the changing of the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score before and after treatment. Results:The positive detecting rate of 18F-DPA-714 PET for AE was significantly higher than that of MR (73.3%(33/45) vs 35.6%(16/45); χ2=11.56, P=0.001). The cerebellar SUVR of ataxia patients was significantly higher than that of asymptomatic patients (1.22(1.06, 1.33) vs 1.08(0.99, 1.20); Z=-2.14, P=0.034). Follow-up imaging showed that the SUVR of patients in the remission group after immunotherapy was significantly lower than that in the non-remission group ((-15.19±10.17)% vs (14.26±13.36)%; t=5.81, P<0.001). There was a significant correlation between the changing rate of SUVR and the changing of the mRS score before and after treatment ( rs=0.65, P<0.001). Conclusion:Compared with conventional MR, 18F-DPA-714 PET has a higher positive detecting rate for AE, and has the potential to reflect the clinical symptoms of AE and monitor the efficacy of immunotherapy.

Childhood household dysfunction(CHD)is a common adverse childhood experience,which brings the heavy physical and mental afflictions to children and adolescents.Trauma-focused cognitive behavioral therapy(TF-CBT)is an evidence-based psychotherapy that helps children and adolescents who have experienced childhood trauma with traumatic memories.It aims to enhance the coping abilities of CHD children and adolescents,thereby improving the negative effects caused by trauma and effectively reducing psychological burden.TF-CBT can effectively improve post-traumatic stress disorder,emotional and behavioral problems,and family function in children and adolescents with CHD.It is recommended to conduct high-quality original research in the future,develop targeted TF-CBT intervention plans based on potential predictive factors,adopt a combination of online and offline methods,and construct TF-CBT interventions suitable for the Chinese CHD population to meet the mental health service needs of CHD children and adolescents.

Objective To explore the postoperative characteristics and management experience of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) undergoing cardiac and vascular surgery. Methods From December 7, 2022 to January 5, 2023, the patients with COVID-19 who were admitted to Cardiovascular Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University and underwent cardiac and vascular surgery were selected. The clinical history, surgical information, postoperative recovery process and treatment plan were analyzed retrospectively. Results There were 18 patients in this group, including 11 (61.1%) males and 7 (38.9%) females, with an average age of 58.1±10.9 years. There were 7 patients of hypertension, 5 patients of diabetes, 3 patients of respiratory diseases, and 2 patient of chronic renal insufficiency. There were 5 (27.8%) patients receiving emergency operations and 13 (72.2%) elective operations. All the 18 patients underwent cardiac and vascular surgery in the period of COVID-19, and the time between the last positive nucleic acid test and the surgery was 1.50 (1.00, 6.25) days. There were 8 patients of pulmonary imaging changes, including 3 patients with chest patch shadow, 3 patients with thickened and disordered lung markings, and 2 patients with exudative changes before operation. Antiviral therapy was not adopted in all patients before operation. Three patients were complicated with viral pneumonia after operation, including 2 patients with high risk factors before operation, who developed into severe pneumonia after operation, and underwent tracheotomy. One patient with thrombus recovered after anticoagulation treatment. Another patient of mild pneumonia recovered after antiviral treatment. The other 15 patients recovered well without major complications. There was no operation-related death in the whole group. One patient died after surgery, with a mortality rate of 5.6%. Conclusion Patients with COVID-19 are at high risk of cardiac and vascular surgery, and patients with high-risk factors may rapidly progress to severe pneumonia. Patients with preoperative lung imaging changes or other basic visceral diseases should consider delaying the operation. Early antiviral combined with immunomodulation treatment for emergency surgery patients may help improve the prognosis.

Objective To explore the postoperative characteristics and management experience of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) undergoing cardiac and vascular surgery. Methods From December 7, 2022 to January 5, 2023, the patients with COVID-19 who were admitted to Cardiovascular Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University and underwent cardiac and vascular surgery were selected. The clinical history, surgical information, postoperative recovery process and treatment plan were analyzed retrospectively. Results There were 18 patients in this group, including 11 (61.1%) males and 7 (38.9%) females, with an average age of 58.1±10.9 years. There were 7 patients of hypertension, 5 patients of diabetes, 3 patients of respiratory diseases, and 2 patient of chronic renal insufficiency. There were 5 (27.8%) patients receiving emergency operations and 13 (72.2%) elective operations. All the 18 patients underwent cardiac and vascular surgery in the period of COVID-19, and the time between the last positive nucleic acid test and the surgery was 1.50 (1.00, 6.25) days. There were 8 patients of pulmonary imaging changes, including 3 patients with chest patch shadow, 3 patients with thickened and disordered lung markings, and 2 patients with exudative changes before operation. Antiviral therapy was not adopted in all patients before operation. Three patients were complicated with viral pneumonia after operation, including 2 patients with high risk factors before operation, who developed into severe pneumonia after operation, and underwent tracheotomy. One patient with thrombus recovered after anticoagulation treatment. Another patient of mild pneumonia recovered after antiviral treatment. The other 15 patients recovered well without major complications. There was no operation-related death in the whole group. One patient died after surgery, with a mortality rate of 5.6%. Conclusion Patients with COVID-19 are at high risk of cardiac and vascular surgery, and patients with high-risk factors may rapidly progress to severe pneumonia. Patients with preoperative lung imaging changes or other basic visceral diseases should consider delaying the operation. Early antiviral combined with immunomodulation treatment for emergency surgery patients may help improve the prognosis.

Purpose/Significance Gestational hypertension poses a serious threat to maternal health.Artificial intelligence(AI)fol-low-up and management systems contributes to the health of gestational hypertension.Method/Process The paper establishes an AI fol-low-up system for gestational hypertension based on big data technology and data platforms,including modules such as patient informa-tion management,follow-up data management,follow-up plan management,and patient course management.Result/Conclusion The follow-up system can assist doctors in understanding changes in patients'diseases and meet the hospital's follow-up management re-quirements for gestational hypertension in outpatient clinics.