ObjectiveTo investigate the mechanism of Zuogui Wan （ZGW） in improving ovarian inflammatory microenvironment and stemness of ovarian germline stem cells （OSCs） for treating ovarian aging via the cyclic guanosine monophosphate/adenosine monophosphate synthase （cGAS）/stimulator of interferon genes （STING） signaling pathway. MethodsForty C57BL/6 female mice were randomly divided into a blank group， a model group， a low-dose ZGW group （2.7 g·kg^-1）， a high-dose ZGW group （5.4 g·kg^-1）， and an estradiol valerate group （0.15 mg·kg^-1）， with 8 mice in each group. Except the blank group， all other groups received a single intraperitoneal injection of cyclophosphamide at 120 mg·kg^-1 to establish an ovarian aging mouse model. After successful modeling， each group was continuously administered for 4 weeks， once daily. The physiological status of the mice was observed， and the ovarian index was calculated. The estrus cycle of the mice was monitored. Hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining was used to observe pathological changes in ovarian tissue. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） was used to detect serum sex hormone levels. Serum inflammatory factors interleukin-1β （IL-1β）， tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α）， and mouse interleukin-6 （IL-6） levels were detected using kits. Western blot was used to detect the protein expression of ovarian cGAS， STING， p-STING， TANK-binding kinase 1 （TBK1）， p-TBK1， interferon-induced transmembrane protein 3 （Fragilis）， and Vasa homolog protein （MVH）. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction （Real-time PCR） was used to detect the mRNA expression of inflammatory factors in ovarian tissue. Immunofluorescence double labeling was performed to locate OSCs in ovarian tissues， and fluorescence intensities of OSCs markers MVH and octamer binding transcription factor 4 （Oct4） were calculated. ResultsCompared with the blank group， the model group showed reduced body weight， ovarian wet weight， and ovarian index （P<0.01） and a disordered estrus cycle （P<0.01）. In addition， the levels of serum follicle-stimulating hormone （FSH）， TNF-α， IL-6， and IL-1β were increased （P<0.01）， while anti-Müllerian hormone （AMH） and estradiol （E₂） levels were decreased （P<0.01）. The protein expression of cGAS， p-STING/STING， and p-TBK1/TBK1 in ovarian tissue was increased （P<0.05， P<0.01）， while that of OSCs stemness factors MVH and Fragilis was reduced （P<0.01）. Immunofluorescence indicated a reduction in MVH and Oct4 expression in OSCs （P<0.01）. The mRNA expression of inflammatory factors TNF-α， IL-6， and IL-1β in ovarian tissue was increased （P<0.05， P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， the treatment groups exhibited improved body weight， ovarian wet weight， and ovarian index （P<0.05） and a reduced rate of estrus cycle disorder （P<0.05， P<0.01）. The levels of serum FSH， TNF-α， IL-6， and IL-1β were decreased （P<0.05， P<0.01）， while AMH and E₂ levels were increased （P<0.01）. The protein expression levels of cGAS， p-STING/STING， and p-TBK1/TBK1 in ovarian tissue were decreased （P<0.05）， while the protein expression of MVH and Fragilis was increased （P<0.05）， and the fluorescence intensities of MVH and Oct4 were increased （P<0.05， P<0.01）. The mRNA expression of inflammatory factors in ovarian tissue was decreased （P<0.05）. ConclusionZGW alleviate ovarian inflammatory response， regulate ovarian microenvironment homeostasis， and maintain stemness of OSCs in ovarian aging mice probably by modulating the cGAS-STING signaling pathway， thereby improving ovarian function and delaying ovarian aging.

Obesity and its related metabolic diseases have become a major global public health threat, and its rising incidence significantly increases the risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, diabetes and other complications. Pancreatic lipase is a key enzyme that converts food-borne lipids into triglycerides and fatty acids, and the effective inhibition of its activity has become an important strategy for the treatment of obesity. This paper discusses the screening methods of pancreatic lipase inhibitors, and summarizes and reviews the basic principles, advantages and disadvantages and application status of traditional screening methods, modern new screening methods and virtual screening methods. In view of the problems faced by the screening methods of pancreatic lipase inhibitors, future research urgently needs to move towards a collaborative innovation path of multi-technology integration, intelligent screening and complex systematization of traditional Chinese medicine, so as to open up new research paradigms.

Objective:To survey the current status of reality shock among new nurses and to explore its influencing factors, and provide reference for promoting the workplace adaptability of new nurses.Methods:New nurses from 9 tertiary Grade A hospitals in Shaanxi Province were selected by convenience sampling method from February to May 2024. General data questionnaire, the Reality Shock Scale, the Feedback-Seeking Behaviour Scale, and the Role Clarity Scale were used to conduct a cross-sectional investigation, and multiple linear regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of new nurses′reality shock.Results:A total of 362 valid questionnaires were collected, including 68 males and 294 females. The scores of reality shock, feedback-seeking behaviour, and role clarity were (70.12 ± 20.18), (54.25 ± 10.65) and (31.94 ± 4.45) points respectively. Reality shock was negatively correlated with feedback-seeking behaviour and role clarity ( r=-0.583, -0.785, both P<0.01), feedback-seeking behaviour was positively correlated with role clarity ( r=0.652, P<0.01). Gender, only-child status, entry time, feedback-seeking behaviour and role clarity were the influencing factors of reality shock ( t values were -15.60-2.23, all P<0.05), accounted for 63.6% of the total variation. Conclusions:The reality shock of new nurses is above the medium level, and nursing managers should be aware of the problems and sense of gap that new nurses may encounter in the process of role transformation. In addition, pay more attention to the emotional needs and mental health status of new nurses who are male, only child, with short entry time, and have low feedback-seeking behavior and role clarity. Diversified training programs and targeted intervention strategies should be developed to help new nurses reduce reality shock.

Metastasis remains the primary cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) represent critical targets for metastasis prevention and treatment. Traditional Chinese medicine may prevent lung cancer metastasis through long-term intervention in CTC activity. Tiao-Shen-Zhi-Ai Formular (TSZAF) represents a Chinese medicine compound prescription utilized clinically for lung cancer treatment. This study combined three principal active ingredients from TSZAF into a novel TSZAF monomer combination (TSZAF mc) to investigate its anti-metastatic effects and mechanisms. TSZAF mc demonstrated significant inhibition of proliferation, migration, and invasion in CTC-TJH-01 and LLC cells, while inducing cellular apoptosis in vitro. Moreover, TSZAF mc substantially inhibited LLC cell growth and metastasis in vivo. Mechanistically, TAZSF mc significantly suppressed the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway and CXCL5 expression in lung cancer cells and tissues. Additionally, TAZSF mc notably reduced neutrophil infiltration in metastatic lesions. These findings indicate that TSZAF mc inhibits lung cancer growth and metastasis by suppressing the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway and reducing CXCL5 secretion, thereby decreasing neutrophil recruitment and infiltration. TSZAF mc demonstrates potential as an effective therapeutic agent for lung cancer metastasis.
Lung Neoplasms/genetics* ; Wnt Signaling Pathway/drug effects* ; Animals ; Humans ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/pharmacology* ; Mice ; Neoplasm Metastasis/prevention & control* ; Cell Proliferation/drug effects* ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Neutrophil Infiltration/drug effects* ; Down-Regulation/drug effects* ; Cell Movement/drug effects* ; beta Catenin/genetics* ; Apoptosis/drug effects* ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Male ; Neoplastic Cells, Circulating/drug effects*

Objective:To clarify the changes in incidence and mortality of various cancers based on analysis on registration data of malignant tumor incidence and mortality from Dehui City and Yanji City in Jilin Province.Methods:The incidence and mortality data of malignant tumors from 2009 to 2016 in Dehui City and Yanji City in Jilin Province,were collected from the Chinese Cancer Registry Annual Report published by the National Cancer Center.The number of cases,deaths,crude incidence rate,crude mortality rate,age-standardized incidence rate(ASIR),age-standardized mortality rate(ASMR),and annual percentage change(APC)of the malignant tumors were analyzed by cancer sites and genders.Results:From 2009 to 2016,the CIR of malignant tumors in Dehui City(APC=1.2%,P=0.019)and Yanji City(APC=3.6%,P=0.058)showed an increasing trend.After standard population age adjustment,the ASIR in males in Dehui City showed a significant decline(APC=-5.7%,P=0.021),while the ASIR in females exhibited an overall downward trend,but the difference was not significant(APC=-2.2%,P=0.111).In Yanji City,the ASIR in males(APC=-1.4%,P=0.535)and females(APC=0.0%,P=0.988)showed no significant changes.The CMR of malignant tumors in Dehui City(APC=1.9%,P=0.001)and Yanji City(APC=5.9%,P=0.001)showed a continuous upward trend.After age-standardization,the ASMR in males(APC=-3.1%,P=0.100)and females(APC=-4.2%,P=0.053)in Dehui City,as well as in males(APC=-1.3%,P=0.438)in Yanji City,showed a slight downward trend.Although the ASMR in females in Yanji City showed a slight increase,the difference was not statistically significant(APC=0.5%,P=0.838).In 2016,the most common malignant tumor in terms of both incidence and mortality in Dehui City was lung cancer,with a CIR of 60.76/100 000 and a CMR of 46.96/100 000.In Yanji City,the most common malignant tumor was liver cancer,with a CIR of 49.04/100 000 and a CMR of 51.09/100 000.Conclusion:Lung cancer,liver cancer,and gastric cancer are the major malignant tumors threatening residents in Dehui City,Yanji City,and even the entire Jilin Province,and should be prioritized in cancer prevention and control efforts.Early diagnosis and treatment should be strengthened.

The life view of physique-qi-spirit trinity is the core theory for explaining the physiological activities of human body and the evolution of disease pathology in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),and will bring about an overview of TCM tumorigenesis.This paper explores the biological basis of tumor from the perspective of disorders of physique,qi and spirit:there is a correlation between qi-physique transformation and energy and substance metabolism,and between spirit-emotion and neuromodulation;the nerve-metabolism pathway contributes to partial biological basis of tumor from the perspective of disorders of physique,qi and spirit.Furthermore,it puts forward the strategies for prevention and treatment with TCM through the simultaneous regulation of physique,qi and spirit:eliminating the mass to inhibit the tumor,and improving physique to preserve life in the view of treating physique;replenishing qi to strengthen the body,and ventilating qi to remove toxins in the view of treating qi;regulating the spirit to treat cancer through comprehensive therapy in the view of treating spirit.The exploration on the biological basis of tumor from the perspective of disorders of physique,qi and spirit will further embody the unique advantages of TCM theories in understanding malignant tumors,and will provide useful references for the model of synergistic prevention and treatment of malignant tumors with TCM.

Objective To develop a quality of life(QoL)scale for Premature Ovarian Insufficiency(POI)with high reliability and validity in accordance with China's national conditions.Methods The theoretical framework of the scale was constructed under the guidance of traditional Chinese medicine theory with reference to the development method of the QoL scale.Literature analysis method,medical record review method,patient interview method,Delphi expert consultation method and clinical investigation were used to establish,improve and screen the scale items to form the final scale,and the characteristics and differentiation in terms of reliability and validity and feasibility of the final scale were evaluated.Results After screening the entries by the Delphi method and clinical surveys,the Chinese Premature Ovarian Insufficiency Quality of Life Scale was formed,which included three domains of physiology,psychology,and society,and eleven aspects such as menstruation,fertility,and physical symptoms,with 30 entries and two overall evaluations.The Cronbach's coefficient of this scale was 0.910,the fold-half coefficient was 0.956,and the re-test correlation coefficient was 0.868,which showed good internal consistency,fold-half and re-test reliabilities;the scale extracted 9 factors with characteristic root>1,and the cumulative variance contribution rate was 71.063%,the comparative fit index was 0.959,and the goodness-of-fit index was 0.919,and the degree of correlation was tested has showed that the content validity,structural validity and calibration correlation validity were good;the difference in the total scores of the scale between patients with POI and the healthy population was statistically significant,and the scale had a good degree of differentiation.Conclusion As confirmed by this study,the Chinese Premature Ovarian Insufficiency Quality of Life Scale has good reliability,validity,differentiation and feasibility,and can be used as a tool for evaluating the quality of life of POI patients in China as well as enriching the efficacy evaluation system of TCM in treating POI,and it is suitable for clinical popularization and application.

Objective To develop a quality of life(QoL)scale for Premature Ovarian Insufficiency(POI)with high reliability and validity in accordance with China's national conditions.Methods The theoretical framework of the scale was constructed under the guidance of traditional Chinese medicine theory with reference to the development method of the QoL scale.Literature analysis method,medical record review method,patient interview method,Delphi expert consultation method and clinical investigation were used to establish,improve and screen the scale items to form the final scale,and the characteristics and differentiation in terms of reliability and validity and feasibility of the final scale were evaluated.Results After screening the entries by the Delphi method and clinical surveys,the Chinese Premature Ovarian Insufficiency Quality of Life Scale was formed,which included three domains of physiology,psychology,and society,and eleven aspects such as menstruation,fertility,and physical symptoms,with 30 entries and two overall evaluations.The Cronbach's coefficient of this scale was 0.910,the fold-half coefficient was 0.956,and the re-test correlation coefficient was 0.868,which showed good internal consistency,fold-half and re-test reliabilities;the scale extracted 9 factors with characteristic root>1,and the cumulative variance contribution rate was 71.063%,the comparative fit index was 0.959,and the goodness-of-fit index was 0.919,and the degree of correlation was tested has showed that the content validity,structural validity and calibration correlation validity were good;the difference in the total scores of the scale between patients with POI and the healthy population was statistically significant,and the scale had a good degree of differentiation.Conclusion As confirmed by this study,the Chinese Premature Ovarian Insufficiency Quality of Life Scale has good reliability,validity,differentiation and feasibility,and can be used as a tool for evaluating the quality of life of POI patients in China as well as enriching the efficacy evaluation system of TCM in treating POI,and it is suitable for clinical popularization and application.

Objective:To survey the current status of reality shock among new nurses and to explore its influencing factors, and provide reference for promoting the workplace adaptability of new nurses.Methods:New nurses from 9 tertiary Grade A hospitals in Shaanxi Province were selected by convenience sampling method from February to May 2024. General data questionnaire, the Reality Shock Scale, the Feedback-Seeking Behaviour Scale, and the Role Clarity Scale were used to conduct a cross-sectional investigation, and multiple linear regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of new nurses′reality shock.Results:A total of 362 valid questionnaires were collected, including 68 males and 294 females. The scores of reality shock, feedback-seeking behaviour, and role clarity were (70.12 ± 20.18), (54.25 ± 10.65) and (31.94 ± 4.45) points respectively. Reality shock was negatively correlated with feedback-seeking behaviour and role clarity ( r=-0.583, -0.785, both P<0.01), feedback-seeking behaviour was positively correlated with role clarity ( r=0.652, P<0.01). Gender, only-child status, entry time, feedback-seeking behaviour and role clarity were the influencing factors of reality shock ( t values were -15.60-2.23, all P<0.05), accounted for 63.6% of the total variation. Conclusions:The reality shock of new nurses is above the medium level, and nursing managers should be aware of the problems and sense of gap that new nurses may encounter in the process of role transformation. In addition, pay more attention to the emotional needs and mental health status of new nurses who are male, only child, with short entry time, and have low feedback-seeking behavior and role clarity. Diversified training programs and targeted intervention strategies should be developed to help new nurses reduce reality shock.

Objective To investigate the correlation between salivary cystatin D level and salivary gland injury in patients with primary Sj?gren syndrome(pSS).Methods A total of 51 pSS patients admitted in the Department of Rheumatology and Immunology of the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University from September 1,2022 to June 30,2023,and 51 age-and gender-matched healthy individuals who took physical examination in the hospital during same period were enrolled in the study.The level of salivary cystatin D was detected,and the difference in the level between the 2 groups was compared using an independent-samples t test.Pearson correlation analysis was applied to analyze the correlation between salivary cystatin D and clinical parameters in the patients.Results The pSS patients had significantly lower cystatin D level than the healthy controls(206.55±108.11 vs 374.32±172.24 pg/mL,P＜0.01).The cystatin D level in the pSS patients was positively correlated with both static(r=0.433,P=0.002)and dynamic salivary flow rates(r=0.363,P=0.009).The patients with higher score of salivary gland ultrasonography(SGUS)had obviously lower cystatin D than those with lower SGUS score(parotid gland:160.75±85.56 vs 290.53±95.17 pg/mL,P＜0.01;submandibular gland:157.76±87.59 vs 276.25±97.06 pg/mL,P＜0.01).The cystatin D level was also negatively correlated with peripheral blood IL-6 level(r=-0.453,P=0.001)and CD4+T cell count(r=-0.396,P=0.005)in the pSS patients.Conclusion Salivary cystatin D level can be used as an indicator of salivary gland damage for pSS patients.