Animal model research on spleen and stomach diseases in traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） is of great significance for elucidating the nature of diseases and syndromes and for revealing the mechanisms of action of Chinese herbal medicinals. At present， studies on classical TCM syndrome models of spleen and stomach diseases mainly focus on spleen deficiency syndrome， liver constraint syndrome， and damp-heat syndrome. Model construction is mostly based on the etiological and pathophysiological characteristics of syndrome， and model evaluation primarily involves macroscopic manifestations and physicochemical indicators. This paper summarizes the current research status of animal models integrating disease and syndrome for seven common spleen and stomach diseases， including chronic gastritis and gastric precancerous lesions， gastroesophageal reflux disease， functional dyspepsia， inflammatory bowel disease， irritable bowel syndrome， functional constipation， and functional diarrhea. The modeling methods and characteristics of disease-syndrome combined animal models for each disease are analyzed. It is proposed that future research on disease-syndrome integration in spleen and stomach diseases should move toward syste-matic， precise， and integrative development， and that interdisciplinary and cross-disciplinary research approaches should be adopted to enhance the predictive value and application efficiency of disease-syndrome combined animal models.

Aligning with the ulcerative colitis （UC） dynamic characteristics of latent pathogens， that is "remaining latent and concealed， and manifesting when triggered"， and following the latent pathogen theory， it is proposed that the core pathogenesis of UC recurrence is latent damp-heat pathogen concealed internally， progressing from qi to blood level over time， and leading to qi-blood disharmony and intestinal collateral damage. Accordingly， stage-based treatment is recommended. During the active stage， it is suggested to clear damp-heat， move qi， and regulate blood using modified Gegen Qinlian Decoction（葛根芩连汤）. During the remission stage， the treatment should focus on reinforcing healthy qi and venting pathogen， regulate and tonify the spleen and kidney with a self-made Jianpi Qingchang Mixture（健脾清肠合剂）. These approaches may provide a reference for the clinical treatment of UC.

Panretinal photocoagulation(PRP)is the first-line treatment for severe non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy and proliferative diabetic retinopathy(PDR).Its therapeutic efficacy varies due to multiple patient-specific systemic and ocular factors. Despite standardized PRP, some patients fail to show adequate regression of neovascularization and subsequently develop vitreous hemorrhage(VH). In such cases, pars plana vitrectomy(PPV)effectively clears the hemorrhage, restores transparency of the ocular media, supplement PRP, and delays the progression of PDR, thus becoming a critical intervention. With recent advances in surgical techniques, concepts, and equipment, early PPV intervention for VH following PRP has emerged as a growing research focus. Nevertheless, consensus remains lacking regarding its indications, optimal timing, and surgical protocols. This article systematically reviews relevant domestic and international studies, summarizing the surgical timing, approaches, and prognoses of PPV for VH in PDR patients after PRP, aiming to provide evidence-based reference for clinical decision-making and reduce the risk of PDR-related blindness.

(±)-Talapyrones A-F (1-6), six pairs of dimeric polyketide enantiomers featuring unusual 6/6/6 and 6/6/6/5 ring systems, were isolated from the fungus Talaromyces adpressus. Their structures were determined by spectroscopic analysis and HR-ESI-MS data, and their absolute configurations were elucidated using a modified Mosher's method and electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculations. (±)-Talapyrones A-F (1-6) possess a 6/6/6 tricyclic skeleton, presumably formed through a Michael addition reaction between one molecule of α-pyrone derivative and one molecule of C₈ poly-β-keto chain. In addition, compounds 2/3 and 4/5 are two pairs of C-18 epimers, respectively. Putative biosynthetic pathways of 1-6 were discussed.
Polyketides/isolation & purification* ; Talaromyces/chemistry* ; Stereoisomerism ; Molecular Structure ; Circular Dichroism ; Pyrones/chemistry*

Intravitreal injection of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)agents has become the primary treatment for macular edema associated with retinal vascular disease such as diabetic retinopathy and retinal vein occlusion, but there are limitations such as variable treatment efficacy and insufficient durability of therapeutic effects. As the first bispecific antibody applied in ophthalmic treatment, Faricimab achieves favorable outcomes by simultaneously targeting both VEGF-A and angiopoietin-2(Ang-2)pathways. Based on evidence from recent clinical trials and real-world studies, this article reviews the research progress on Faricimab for the treatment of diabetic macular edema(DME), retinal vein occlusion-associated macular edema(RVO-ME)and refractory macular edema compared to the therapeutic effects of other agents. Additionally, based on Faricimab's safety characteristics and future potential, its therapeutic prospects for macular edema associated with retinal vascular diseases are discussed. This review aims to provide evidence-based references for optimizing clinical treatment strategies, thereby contributing to mitigating the risk of vision loss due to macular edema.

Strengthening ideological and political work is crucial for promoting the high-quality development of public hospitals.From the perspective of the 5W theory of communication,this paper deconstructs and analyzes the five key elements within the ideological and political work of public hospitals:the communicator,the message,the channel,the audience,and the effect.It identifies existing challenges,including the multiple roles of communicators,a disconnect between message content and context,the overwhelming volume of information through numerous channels,the heightened subjective consciousness of the audi-ence,and a lack of feedback mechanisms for assessing effectiveness.The causes of these challenges are analyzed.Corresponding strategies are proposed,such as introducing multi-agent collaboration,strengthening the integration of Party building with profes-sional services,consolidating platform development,enhancing emotional communication,and establishing feedback agendas.These measures aim to improve the effectiveness and pertinence of ideological and political education in public hospitals,thereby advancing their high-quality development.

Diabetic non-ketotic bilateral chorea is a rare complication of diabetes. This article reports an elderly female patient with a history of diabetes who suddenly developed bilateral choreiform involuntary movements. Laboratory tests indicated elevated blood glucose levels and negative ketone. Cranial magnetic resonance imaging showed high signal intensity on T 1-weighted images in the right basal ganglia and left thalamus regions, and computed tomography scan of the head indicated high-density shadows in the right basal ganglia region. The diagnosis of diabetic non-ketotic bilateral chorea was considered. After active hypoglycemic control and symptomatic treatment for involuntary movements, the choreiform involuntary movements were relieved. Through literature review, the case characteristics, diagnosis, treatment, and pathogenesis of patients with diabetic non-ketotic chorea are summarized, aiming to enhance clinicians′ understanding of this disease and avoid misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis.

Objective:To investigate the effect of inspiratory muscle training on diaphragm morphology and function in ventilator induced diaphragmatic dysfunction(VIDD)rats,and to explore the mechanism of it.Method:Twenty-four adult female SD rats were randomly divided into 4 groups:①Control group(n=6);②Me-chanical ventilation group(n=6):mechanical ventilation for 24 hours;③Sham training group(n=6):spontane-ous breathing for 1 hour after mechanical ventilation for 24 hours;④Training group(n=6):intermittent inspi-ratory muscle training for 1 hour after mechanical ventilation for 24 hours.Multi-channel physiology signal col-lection and processing system were used to detect the peak twitch tension and peak tetanic force of dia-phragm,as well as the frequency-force effect curve.The cross-sectional area(CSA)of diaphragm was ob-served by hematoxylin and eosin staining method.Western-blot was used to detect the level of microtubule-as-sociated protein 1 light chain 3(LC3)and muscle atrophy F-box(MAFbx).The levels of αII-spectrin break-down products(SBDPs)SBDP145 and SBDP120 in the diaphragm were detected by ELISA.The level of malondialdehyde(MDA)in the diaphragm was detected by thiobarbituric acid(TBA)method.Result:Compared with control group and training group,the peak twitch tension,peak tetanic force and fre-quency-force effect curve of diaphragm in ventilation group and sham training group were decreased significant-ly(P<0.05),but there was no difference between the ventilation group and the sham training group or be-tween the control group and the training group.Compared with the control group,the diaphragm fiber cross-sectional area of ventilation group,sham training group or training group was significantly decreased(P<0.05),and there was no significant difference between the ventilation group and the sham training group.Compared with the ventilation group and the sham training group,the diaphragm fiber cross-sectional area of training group was increased(P<0.05).Compared with the control group,the level of MDA,SBDP120 and LC3II/I ratio in the diaphragm of ventilation group,sham training group and training group were significantly in-creased(P<0.05),and there was no difference between the ventilation group,the sham training group and the training group.Compared with the control group,the expression of MAFbx in ventilation group was signif-icantly increased(P<0.05),and there was no difference between the ventilation group,the sham training group and the training group.Compared with the control group and the training group,SBDP145 level in the diaphragm of ventilation group or sham training group was significantly increased(P<0.05),but there was no difference between the ventilation group and the sham training group.There was no difference in SBDP145 lev-el of diaphragm between the control group and the training group.Conclusion:Inspiratory muscle training can improve the morphology and function of VIDD diaphragm,and the mechanism may be related to the decrease of calpain activity.

Objective We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Shengxuebao Mixture in the treatment of cancer-related anemia(CRA)presenting with syndrome of deficiency of liver and kidney combined with syndrome of deficiency of both qi and blood.Methods A randomized,double-blind,placebo-controlled,multicenter clinical trial was conducted.Eligible patients with malignant tumors meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria were enrolled from 26 hospitals,including Dongzhimen Hospital,Beijing University of Chinese Medicine,Xiaogan Central Hospital,and Yangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine,from June 1,2022,to September 30,2024.Patients were allocated 1:1 to either the experimental group receiving Shengxuebao Mixture or the control group receiving its simulator(placebo)using a block randomization method under double-blind conditions.Both groups received 15 mL orally three times daily for 28 consecutive days.The primary efficacy indicators included the hemoglobin(Hb)improvement rate(RHb)and the traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)syndrome improvement rate(RTCM)at week 4 of treatment.The secondary efficacy indicators encompassed Hb and red blood cell(RBC)count,Karnofsky Performance Status(KPS)score,TCM syndrome score,individual TCM symptom scores,and changes in each of these indicators compared to the baseline period at weeks 2,4,and 6 of treatment.Safety evaluations were conducted at week 4 of treatment.Results A total of 239 patients were enrolled,with 225 cases included in the Full Analysis Set(FAS)(109 in the experimental group vs.116 control group),163 in the Per Protocol Set(PPS)(77 vs.86),and 225 in the Safety Set(SS)(109 vs.116).Baseline characteristics between groups showed no significant differences.Significant differences were observed between the experimental and control groups in RHb at week 4(FAS:49.51%vs.35.24%,P<0.05;PPS:53.25%vs.36.05%,P<0.05)and RTCM at week 4(FAS:61.54%vs.39.62%,P<0.01;PPS:64.94%vs.40.70%,P<0.01).At weeks 2,4,and 6,the experimental group showed greater improvements in Hb and RBC counts than the control group.Additionally,the TCM syndrome scores were lower in the experimental group than in the control group at these time points.Except for week 2 in PPS,the KPS improvement was better in the experimental group than in the control group(P<0.05).The experimental group also demonstrated a greater reduction in scores for individual TCM symptoms such as spiritlessness and weakness,poor appetite and reduced food intake at weeks 4 and 6 compared to the control group(P<0.05,P<0.01).Furthermore,the reduction in vertigo score was more pronounced in the experimental group at week 6(P<0.01).For the score of pale and lusterless complexion,only in the PPS was the reduction from baseline more significant in the experimental group than in the control group at weeks 4 and 6(P<0.05).No significant differences were observed between the experimental and control groups in the incidence of all adverse events or drug-related adverse reactions.Conclusion Shengxuebao Mixture demonstrates significant efficacy in patients with CRA presenting syndrome of deficiency of liver and kidney combined with syndrome of deficiency of both qi and blood,effectively increasing Hb levels,ameliorating TCM syndromes,alleviating clinical symptoms,and enhancing functional status,with no significant difference in adverse drug reactions compared to the placebo.

Objective:To investigate the effect of inspiratory muscle training on diaphragm morphology and function in ventilator induced diaphragmatic dysfunction(VIDD)rats,and to explore the mechanism of it.Method:Twenty-four adult female SD rats were randomly divided into 4 groups:①Control group(n=6);②Me-chanical ventilation group(n=6):mechanical ventilation for 24 hours;③Sham training group(n=6):spontane-ous breathing for 1 hour after mechanical ventilation for 24 hours;④Training group(n=6):intermittent inspi-ratory muscle training for 1 hour after mechanical ventilation for 24 hours.Multi-channel physiology signal col-lection and processing system were used to detect the peak twitch tension and peak tetanic force of dia-phragm,as well as the frequency-force effect curve.The cross-sectional area(CSA)of diaphragm was ob-served by hematoxylin and eosin staining method.Western-blot was used to detect the level of microtubule-as-sociated protein 1 light chain 3(LC3)and muscle atrophy F-box(MAFbx).The levels of αII-spectrin break-down products(SBDPs)SBDP145 and SBDP120 in the diaphragm were detected by ELISA.The level of malondialdehyde(MDA)in the diaphragm was detected by thiobarbituric acid(TBA)method.Result:Compared with control group and training group,the peak twitch tension,peak tetanic force and fre-quency-force effect curve of diaphragm in ventilation group and sham training group were decreased significant-ly(P<0.05),but there was no difference between the ventilation group and the sham training group or be-tween the control group and the training group.Compared with the control group,the diaphragm fiber cross-sectional area of ventilation group,sham training group or training group was significantly decreased(P<0.05),and there was no significant difference between the ventilation group and the sham training group.Compared with the ventilation group and the sham training group,the diaphragm fiber cross-sectional area of training group was increased(P<0.05).Compared with the control group,the level of MDA,SBDP120 and LC3II/I ratio in the diaphragm of ventilation group,sham training group and training group were significantly in-creased(P<0.05),and there was no difference between the ventilation group,the sham training group and the training group.Compared with the control group,the expression of MAFbx in ventilation group was signif-icantly increased(P<0.05),and there was no difference between the ventilation group,the sham training group and the training group.Compared with the control group and the training group,SBDP145 level in the diaphragm of ventilation group or sham training group was significantly increased(P<0.05),but there was no difference between the ventilation group and the sham training group.There was no difference in SBDP145 lev-el of diaphragm between the control group and the training group.Conclusion:Inspiratory muscle training can improve the morphology and function of VIDD diaphragm,and the mechanism may be related to the decrease of calpain activity.