The brain-gut interaction theory is a multidimensional integrative concept based on the brain-gut axis， involving neural， endocrine， and immune regulatory networks as well as the gut microbiota. Zang-fu organs （脏腑） theory in traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） shows a high degree of consistency with the brain-gut interaction theory， and the core functions such as the spleen and stomach governing the ascending of the clear and descending of the turbid， the liver governing the free flow of qi， and the heart governing mental and emotional activities are closely associated with the multi-level regulatory mechanisms of the brain-gut axis. TCM therapy can modulate brain-gut interactions through multiple pathways in the treatment of spleen and stomach diseases， including the regulation of gastrointestinal hormone secretion， neurotransmitter levels， the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal （HPA） axis， immune homeostasis and inflammatory responses， as well as the gut microecology. However， current basic research on the brain-gut interaction theory in TCM for spleen and stomach diseases still faces several challenges， such as difficulties in integrating TCM spleen-stomach theory with modern pathophysiology， lack of innovation in research concepts， and limitations in research methodologies. It is therefore proposed that multidisciplinary collaboration， multi-omics technologies， and targeted research approaches should be adopted to provide more comprehensive methods for basic research on TCM spleen and stomach diseases， thereby promoting the in-depth development of brain-gut interaction theory.

BACKGROUND: Most studies have evaluated disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients based on a set of generic disability weights (DWs). This study aimed to apply local CRC-stage-specific DWs to estimate the burden of DALYs for CRC (CRC-DALYs) in populations in China and consider the influence of local screening coverage of CRC. METHODS: A prevalence-based model was constructed using data from various sources. Years lived with disability (YLDs) were estimated mainly via cumulative prevalence data (based on CRC incidence rates, population numbers, and survival rates), stage-specific proportions of CRC, and DWs of the local population. Years of life lost (YLLs) were calculated based on the CRC mortality rates and standard life expectancies. CRC incidence and mortality rates for the years 2020, 2025, and 2030 were estimated by joinpoint regression, and the corresponding DALYs were predicted. The main assumption was made for CRC screening coverage. Sensitivity analyses were used to assess the impact of population, DWs, and coverage. RESULTS: In 2017, among the Chinese population, the estimated number of CRC-DALYs was 4,303,314 (11.9% for YLDs). If CRC screening coverage rate in China (2.3%) remains unchanged, the overall DALYs in 2030 are predicted to increase by 37.2% (45.1% of those aged ≥65 years). More optimistically, the DALYs would then decrease by 0.7% in 2030 (from 5,902,454 to 5,860,200) if the coverage could be increased to 25.0%. A sensitivity analysis revealed that using local DWs would change the base-case values by 5.7%. CONCLUSIONS The estimated CRC-DALYs in China using population-specific DWs were considerably lower (with a higher percentage of YLDs) than the global burden of disease (GBD) estimates (5,865,004, of 4.6% for YLDs), suggesting the impact extent of applying local parameters. Sustainable scale-up CRC screening needs to be in place to moderate the growth trend of CRC-DALYs in China.
Humans ; Colorectal Neoplasms/diagnosis* ; China/epidemiology* ; Disability-Adjusted Life Years ; Male ; Prevalence ; Female ; Middle Aged ; Aged ; Early Detection of Cancer ; Quality-Adjusted Life Years ; Adult ; Incidence

Objective: To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and changing trends of non suicidal self injury (NSSI) behaviors among middle school students in Jiading District of Shanghai, from 2015 to 2023, so as to provide a basis for the development of NSSI prevention and control measures among students. Methods: Using a stratified cluster random sampling method, a total of five times for Shanghai Adolescent Health Risk Behavior Surveys were conducted for every two years in Jiading District of Shanghai from 2015 to 2023. A total of 5 231 middle school students from junior high schools and senior high schools were selected for questionnaire surveys. Intergroup comparisons were performed using the x 2 test or the χ 2 trend test, and the JointPoint 5.0 software was used to analyze the changing trends, with the annual percent change (APC) used for evaluation. A binary Logistic regression model was employed to analyze the related factors of NSSI behavior among middle school students. Results: In 2023, the reported NSSI rate among middle school students in Jiading District was 14.2%. The rate was significantly higher among junior high school students (17.1%) than that among senior high school students (11.1%), and higher among females (19.2%) than that among males (10.0%) ( χ 2=10.04, 23.21, both P <0.01). From 2015 to 2023, the overall reported NSSI rate showed an increasing trend, rising from 8.6% in 2015 to 14.2% in 2023 ( χ 2 trend =22.25), with an APC of 6.64% ( t =3.49), and the APC for girls was 9.79 % ( t =3.20) (all P <0.05). Among students reporting NSSI, the proportion experiencing ≥6 episodes increased from 10.8% in 2015 to 19.2% in 2023 ( χ 2 trend =6.57, P <0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis indicated that girls, junior high school students, those with insomnia, depressive emotion and drinkers had higher risks of NSSI, compared to boys, senior high school students, those without insomnia, non depressive emotion students and non drinkers ( OR =1.71, 1.96, 3.44, 4.76, 1.77, all P < 0.05 ). Conclusions The reported rate of NSSI among middle school students in Jiading District of Shanghai, increased annually from 2015 to 2023, and the proportion of repeated NSSI also showed an upward trend. Early intervention measures targeting middle school students, especially junior high school students and females, should be implemented to prevent and control its occurrence and development.

AIM: To analyze the clinical efficacy of anterior-approach vitrectomy combined with phacoemulsification and intraocular lens suspension on lens dislocation caused by high-pressure water pipe injury in mines.METHODS:A retrospective analysis was conducted on the data of 92 patients with lens dislocation caused by high-pressure water pipe injury in mines who underwent surgical treatment in Pingmei Shenma Medical Group General Hospital from April 2022 to August 2024. Complying with different surgical methods, they were classified into the traditional group(n=45, traditional surgery)and the study group(n=47, anterior-approach vitrectomy combined with phacoemulsification and intraocular lens suspension). Two groups were compared in terms of best corrected visual acuity(BCVA)and intraocular pressure at different time points before and after surgery, incidence of postoperative complications, and the visual function and quality of life questionnaire(VF-QOL)scores within 6 mo after surgery.RESULTS:There was comparability between the general information of the traditional group and the study group. Both groups showed a decrease in BCVA and intraocular pressure at 1, 3, and 6 mo postoperatively compared to preoperative levels(all P<0.05). Among them, the study group had lower BCVA(LogMAR)and intraocular pressure at 1, 3, and 6 mo postoperatively compared to the traditional group(all P<0.05). The study group had lower total incidence of postoperative complications than the traditional group(8% vs 26%, P<0.05). The study group had higher VF-QOL scores at 6 mo postoperatively than the traditional group(all P<0.01).CONCLUSION:Anterior-approach vitrectomy combined with phacoemulsification and intraocular lens suspension can effectively reduce intraocular pressure, clearly improve visual acuity and quality of life in patients with lens dislocation caused by high-pressure water pipe injury in mines, and have fewer postoperative complications.

Objective: To analyze the trajectory of dietary behaviors among middle school students in Jiading District, Shanghai, from 2021 to 2023, and longitudinally verify their association with anxiety and depression symptoms, aiming to provide scientific evidence for promoting the mental health of adolescents. Methods: The data were sourced from the National Monitoring and Intervention Project on Common Diseases and Health Impact Factors of students in Jiading District, Shanghai. A total of 1 217 middle school students who participated in at least two surveys from 2021 to 2023 were selected as the research objects, and group-based trajectory model was constructed to identify their dietary behavior scores trajectories. Modified Poisson regression was used to investigate the impact of dietary behavior scores trajectories on anxiety and depression, while Logistic regression was employed to explore the association between trajectories and changes in depression score levels. Results: The dietary behavior scores trajectories of middle school students were divided into three groups: Persistent Healthy Dietary Behavior (9.5%), Persistent Relatively Unhealthy Dietary Behavior (85.0%), and Persistent Very Unhealthy Dietary Behavior (5.5%). Students who perceived their academic performance as poor and whose parents had a cultural level of high school or below had a significantly lower proportion in the Persistent Healthy Dietary Behavior group compared to students with other characteristics ( χ 2=12.87, 8.69, 6.50, P <0.05). Compared with the Persistent Healthy Dietary Behavior group, the risk of anxiety symptoms in middle school students in the Persistent Very Unhealthy Dietary Behavior group was significantly increased ( aRR=3.04, 95%CI =1.15-8.02); Persistent Relatively Unhealthy Dietary Behavior and Persistent Very Unhealthy Dietary Behavior increased the risk of depressive symptoms ( aRR = 1.80 , 2.45, respectively), and were positively correlated with the increase in depression scores ( aOR =1.70, 2.24) ( P <0.05). Conclusions The dietary behavior of middle school students have not changed significantly in the past three years, with persistent unhealthy dietary behavior being the most common. Unhealthy dietary behaviors are positively correlated with the risk of anxiety and depressive symptoms and an increase in depression scores.

Objective: To grasp the distribution characteristics and incidence trend of varicella in Shaanxi Province, so as to provide a reference for scientific and accurate prevention and control strategies. Methods: Data of 161 377 varicella cases in Shaanxi Province from 2016 to 2023 were collected and described from Surveillance Report Management System, a subsystem of National Disease Control and Prevention Information Systems of Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention. FlexScan 3.1.2 software was used to determine irregular spatial clustering, and spatial clustering area was detected for each year. Results: The incidence of varicella in Shaanxi Province showed a seasonal bimodal distribution with peaks from April to July (36.68%) and from October to next January (48.07%). The cases were mainly concentrated in the 3-12 years old group (60.50%), and there was a trend of high incidence age shift within the 0-19 age group from 2021. Most of the cases were students (62.40%) and preschool children ( 17.78 %). The outbreaks mainly occurred in primary schools (76.47%). The regional distribution was mainly concentrated in some areas of southern Shaanxi and Guanzhong. Through spatial analysis, the primary clusters were primarily concentrated in Ankang and Hanzhong cities in southern Shaanxi from 2016 to 2023, and the secondary clusters were mainly found in some areas of Guanzhong (Xi an, Baoji and Weinan cities). Conclusions Prevention and control of varicella should be focused on students and kindergartens aged 3-12 years in southern and Guanzhong areas of Shaanxi Province. Continuous varicella surveillance and vaccination measures should be carried out, and the two dose vaccination strategy and intensive vaccination of key groups should be actively promoted.

Objective : To construct triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2(TREM2) gene knockout(TREM2-/-) mice using CRISPR/Cas9 technology, to breed TREM2-/- mice and to analyze the genotype of TREM2-/- mice. Methods : CRISPR/Cas9 technology was used to selectively knock out exon 2-3 regions of TREM2 gene to construct a TREM2-/- mouse model, and the genetic background of all mice was C57BL/6J. Polymerase chain reaction(PCR) was used to identify the genotype of mice. Quantitative real-time PCR(qPCR) and Western blot were used to detect the expression level of TREM2 in major tissues of mice, and the authenticity and scientific nature of PCR identification results were verified from mRNA level and protein level. According to the sgRNA sequence, the possible off-target sites were predicted on the CCTop website, and the tail DNA of mice was extracted and amplified by PCR and then Sanger sequencing was performed to detect whether there was off-target effect in TREM2-/- mice. Results : TREM2-/- mice were successfully constructed by CRISPR/Cas9 technology, and the mice were genotyped. The results of agarose gel electrophoresis showed that the mouse genotype with only 415 bp band amplified was wild type(WT), the mouse genotype of the 449 bp band amplified only was TREM2-/-, and the mouse genotypes amplified with 415 bp and 449 bp double bands were heterozygous. qPCR results showed that compared with WT mice, the mRNA expression of TREM2 in heart and brain tissues of TREM2-/- mice was down-regulated(P-/- mice was reduced(P-/- mice. Conclusion TREM2-/- mice are successfully constructed and bred, a reliable genotype identification method is established, the genetic stability of the mouse model is verified, which will provide an important genetic animal model for the study of TREM2 gene function.

Objective To explore the effect of combining case-based teaching method with micro teaching method in the teaching of rehabilitation nurses.Methods A total of 60 students from the rehabilitation department of a hospital were selected from January 2021 to December 2022 and divided into control group and observation group by drawing lots,with 30 cases in each group.The control group adopted the traditional teaching and case teaching mode,and the observation group adopted the Semi-nar-case teaching mode and microteaching mode.The results of operation examination,basic theory and independent learning a-bility were compared between the two groups.Results After two months of study,the observation group had higher scores in the operation exam and basic theory than the control group(P＜0.05);The observation group scored higher in self-directed learning ability than the control group(P＜0.05).Conclusion The combination of case teaching method and microteaching method in the teaching process of rehabilitation nurses is conducive to the students'learning of clinical theoretical knowledge and practical operation,and improving their self-learning ability in the learning process.

Objective:To observe the efficacy and safety of subcutaneous stripping combined with gold radiofrequency dot matrix microneedles in the treatment of atrophic acne scar.Methods:A total of 122 patients with atrophic acne scar in Dongying People′s Hospital from January 2023 to January 2024 were prospectively included and divided into two groups by random number table method: Observation group, 61 patients, including 37 males and 24 females, aged 20-43 (31.5±4.7) years, received subcutaneous stripping combined with gold radiofrequency dot matrix microneedles; Control group, 61 patients, including 33 males and 28 females, aged 22-44 (32.6±4.5) years, were treated with subcutaneous dissection. Patients in both groups were treated once every 4 weeks for a total of 3 times. The total effective rate, skin barrier function, wound recovery time, scar condition and adverse reactions were compared between the two groups.Results:The total effective rate of the observation group was 93.4% (57/61), which was higher than that of the control group [75.4% (46/61), P=0.005]. After treatment, the corneum protein content, lactate stimulation test score, skin erythema (a value), and transdermal water loss (TEWL) of the observation group were (29.52±3.22) μg, (1.72±0.18) min, 15.10±2.21, and (18.31±3.35) g/(h·m 2), respectively. They were lower than those (35.24±4.17) μg, (2.75±0.24) min, 19.14±2.57, and (21.23±4.52) g/(h·m 2) in the control group (all P<0.001). The wound healing time, shedding time and scab time in the observation group were (3.42±0.67), (6.57±1.21) and (1.73±0.32) d, respectively, which were shorter than those (5.31±0.99), (8.26±1.48) and (2.85±0.47) d in the control group (all P<0.001). The acne scar clinical score scale (ECCA) and Vancouver scar scale (VSS) scores in the observation group were (38.10±5.29) and (5.23±0.82) points, respectively, which were lower than those (43.65±6.44) and (6.34±0.97) points in the control group (all P<0.001). The incidence of adverse reactions was 11.5% (7/61) in the observation group and 8.2% (5/61) in the control group, the difference was not statistically significant ( P=0.540). Conclusion:Subcutaneous stripping combined with gold radiofrequency dot matrix microneedles is effective in the treatment of atrophic acne scars, which can improve skin barrier function, shorten wound recovery time, and improve scar symptoms with good safety.