Objective:To understand the current status of personal protection in occupational population at high risk for brucellosis in China and provide evidence for the evaluation of implementation of National Brucellosis Prevention and Control Plan (2016-2020).Methods:Four counties in Shanxi Province and Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region were selected to conduct a questionnaire survey in occupational population at high risk for brucellosis from December 2019 to July 2020 by using cross-sectional survey methods.Results:A total of 2 384 persons at high risk for brucellosis were surveyed, and the standardized utilization rate of personal protective equipment (PPE) was 20.13% (480/2 384). The utilization rate of glove, mask, rubber shoe, and work cloth were 38.26% (912/2 384), 31.80% (758/2 384), 32.01% (763/2 384) and 30.87% (736/2 384),respectively. There were significant differences in the utilization rate and standardized utilization rate of the four types of PPE among populations in different age, occupation, educational level and area groups (all P<0.001). The utilization rate and standardized utilization rate of PPE were lower in people over 60 years old, women, farmers, and those with lower educational level. The results of multivariate analysis showed that occupation and area were the influencing factors for the standardized utilization of PPE, the standardized utilization rates of PPE were higher in herdsmen and veterinarians. The standardized utilization rate of PPE in Yanggao County and Huocheng County was significantly higher than that in Zuoyun County and Hunyuan County. Conclusions:The utilization rate of the four types of PPE in occupational population at high risk for brucellosis was not high in China, and the standardized utilization rate was low, lower than the requirement in National Brucellosis Prevention and Control Plan, and there were significant differences among different areas. It is urgent to distribute PPE to occupational population at high risk for brucellosis and carry out health education about PPE utilization. Meanwhile, it is necessary to strengthen information exchange or sharing among different areas.

Objective:To understand the current status of knowledge of brucellosis prevention and control among occupational groups at high-risk of brucellosis, and to provide a scientific basis for assessing the effectiveness of brucellosis prevention and control in China.Methods:A total of four counties in Shanxi Province and Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region were selected as survey counties from 2019 to 2020, and 600 people from the occupational groups at high-risk of brucellosis in each survey county were selected as survey respondents, and basic information and knowledge of prevention and treatment were collected through questionnaires. Single-factor and multi-factor logistic regression models were used to analyze the factors affecting the population's knowledge of prevention and treatment.Results:A total of 2 411 people participated in the survey and 2 384 valid questionnaires were obtained, including 1 405 males and 979 females, with the youngest age being 18 years old, the oldest being 91 years old, and the median being 57 years old. The overall knowledge of brucellosis prevention and control was 17.74% (423/2 384). The knowledge rate was lower among people over 60 years old, farmers, and people with less than elementary school education (13.99%, 14.50%, and 13.78%), and higher among women, herders, and people with elementary school education (20.02%, 36.33%, and 19.58%); the knowledge rate was lower in Hunyuan County (0.51%), and the differences in overall knowledge rates by age, occupation, education level, and region were statistically significant (χ 2 = 18.25, 87.18, 11.05, 197.43, P < 0.001). Multi-factor logistic regression analysis showed that gender, occupation, literacy and region were associated with knowledge of prevention and treatment ( P < 0.05). Conclusions:The overall knowledge of prevention and treatment among high-risk occupational groups in the key areas of China's brucellosis prevention and treatment program is low, with a large gap with the goals of the national brucellosis prevention and treatment program, and gender, occupation, literacy level, and region are the influencing factors of the knowledge of prevention and treatment. There is an urgent need to carry out a variety of health education activities for high-risk occupational groups and to strengthen the exchange of experience on brucellosis prevention and treatment between regions.

The effect of aspirin eugenol ester(AEE)on the metabolism of rats was investigated to provide theoretical references for the clinical rational use of the drug.Firstly,the appropriate con-centration of AEE suspension was prepared.Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups:the normal group,the AEE low-dose group(18 mg/kg),and the AEE high-dose group(72 mg/kg).The rats in the dosing group were dosed once daily,and the Wistar rats in the normal group were dosed once daily with an equal volume of 0.5％sodium carboxymethylcellulose solution.The feces and urine were collected after 7 days of continuous gavage,and the feces and urine were ana-lyzed by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spec-trometry(UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS)for non-targeted metabolomics and Metabo Analyst 5.0 was used for metabolic pathway enrichment.The results showed that the dose of AEE selected in this experiment was not toxic to the growth of rats.The results of the metabolomics study found that 10 and 8 differential metabolites were identified in rat feces and urine,respectively,involving meta-bolic pathways such as phenylalanine,tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis,phenylalanine metabo-lism,steroid hormone biosynthesis,biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids,aminosugar and nucleo-tide sugar metabolism,fatty acid biosynthesis,and β-alanine metabolism.AEE had no significant effect on the body weight of rats(P＞0.05),but AEE could affect the metabolism of rat organ-ism.Fecal metabolites were mainly involved in metabolic pathways including unsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis,tyrosine metabolism,fatty acid biosynthesis,and steroid hormone biosynthesis;urina-ry metabolites were mainly involved in metabolic pathways including purine metabolism,fatty acid biosynthesis,arginine,and proline metabolism.Therefore,the metabolic effects of AEE on rats are mainly closely related to the regulation of lipid metabolism,amino acid metabolism,and energy metabolism.The results of this experiment can provide some references for the efficacy and clinical application of AEE in animals.

Objective To observe the effectiveness of ultrasound wide beam(WB)-based harmonic motion imaging(HMI)(WB-HMI)for locating irradiation focus of high intensity focused ultrasound(HIFU)for in vitro tissue.Methods WB-HMI technology was developed with acoustic radiation force and ultrasound imaging as the key technology.For in vitro porcine tenderloin and bovine liver tissue,different amplitude modulation(AM)frequencies(25-100 Hz)and excitation acoustic power(0.7-28 W)were used to achieve WB-HMI localization of HIFU irradiation focus,and the differences of WB-HMI localization of HIFU irradiation focus under different parameter combinations were observed.Taken the actual focus position on ultrasonic image after HIFU as the standard and the focus positioning error＜1 mm as the effective standard of WB-HMI locating irradiation focus,the locating success rate was calculated.Results The larger the acoustic power,the larger the displacement amplitude of irradiation focus by WB-HMI at the same AM frequency,while the smaller the AM frequency,the larger the displacement amplitude of irradiation focus located by WB-HMI under the same acoustic power.Under different AM frequencies,for in vitro porcine tenderloin,the success rate of WB-HMI for locating HIFU radiation focus was higher than 90.00％when acoustic power was 15 W or 22 W,whereas the success rate showed a decreasing trend when the acoustic power was 28 W.For in vitro bovine liver tissue,the success rate of WB-HMI localization was 100％when acoustic power was ≥7.0 W.Conclusion WB-HMI could be used to effectively locate HIFU irradiation focus for isolated tissue.

Objective To longitudinally analyze the perioperative serum levels of inflammatory fac-tors in patients with hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage(HICH),and to explore their correla-tion with prognosis.Methods A total of 173 HICH patients admitted to our hospital from Febru-ary 2021 to January 2023 were consecutively enrolled.Their serum levels of inflammatory factors were measured before operation,and in 6,12,24,48 and 72 h after operation.All of them were fol-lowed up for 6 months,and according to their prognosis,they were divided into good prognosis group(116 patients)and poor prognosis group(57 patients).Multivariate logistic regression anal-ysis was applied to analyze the correlation of the perioperative serum inflammatory factors with HICH prognosis.Results In these HICH patients,IL-6 and IL-1β were increased continuously within 72 h after operation,and the TNF-α level reached its peak at 48 h after operation.The poor prognosis group had significantly longer time from bleeding to admission(6.32±1.50 h vs 5.14±2.00 h),larger hematoma[35.50(24.50,46.00)ml vs 30.00(21.00,41.50)ml],and higher ratio of hematoma breaking into ventricles(28.07％vs 2.59％),and lower GCS score at admission(10.07±1.32 vs 11.00±0.85)when compared with the good prognosis group(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the levels of IL-6,IL-1β and TNF-α at different postoperative time points were independent influencing factors for poor prognosis of HICH patients(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).Conclusion Serum levels of inflammatory factors IL-6,IL-1βand TNF-α are all elevated in HIGH patients during perioperative period,and their increments at different time points are correlated with the increased risk of adverse prognosis in the patients within 6 months after operation.

BACKGROUND: The clinical features of enthesitis in patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA) have been reported in some Western countries, but data in China are very limited. This study aimed to describe the characteristics of enthesitis in Chinese patients with PsA and compared them with those in other cohorts. METHODS: Patients with PsA enrolled in the Chinese Registry of Psoriatic Arthritis (CREPAR) (December 2018 to June 2021) were included. Data including demographics, clinical characteristics, disease activity measures, and treatment were collected at enrollment. Enthesitis was assessed by the Spondyloarthritis Research Consortium of Canada (SPARCC), Maastricht ankylosing spondylitis enthesitis score (MASES), and Leeds enthesitis index (LEI) indices. A multivariable logistic model was used to identify factors related to enthesitis. We also compared our results with those of other cohorts. RESULTS: In total, 1074 PsA patients were included, 308 (28.7%) of whom had enthesitis. The average number of enthesitis was 3.3 ± 2.8 (range: 1.0-18.0). More than half of the patients (165, 53.6%) had one or two tender entheseal sites. Patients with enthesitis had an earlier age of onset for both psoriasis and arthritis, reported a higher proportion of PsA duration over 5 years, and had a higher percentage of axial involvement and greater disease activity. Multivariable logistic regression showed that axial involvement (odds ratio [OR] 2.21, 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.59-3.08; P <0.001), psoriasis area and severity index (PASI) (OR: 1.03, 95% CI: 1.01-1.04; P = 0.002), and disease activity score 28-C reactive protein (DAS28-CRP) (OR: 1.25, 95% CI: 1.01-1.55; P = 0.037) were associated with enthesitis. Compared with the results of other studies, Chinese patients with enthesitis had a younger age, lower body mass index (BMI), a higher rate of positive human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-B27, more frequent dactylitis, and a higher proportion of conventional synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs' (csDMARDs) use. CONCLUSIONS Enthesitis is a common condition among Chinese patients with PsA. It is important to evaluate entheses in both peripheral and axial sites.
Humans ; Arthritis, Psoriatic/drug therapy* ; East Asian People ; Enthesopathy/complications* ; Registries ; Severity of Illness Index ; Spondylarthritis/epidemiology*

BACKGROUND: The onset and clinical presentation of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) are sex-related. Few studies have investigated the distinctions in clinical characteristics and treatment preferences in male and female SLE patients in the initial cohort. This study aimed to improve the understanding of Chinese SLE patients by characterizing the different sexes of SLE patients in the inception cohort. METHODS: Based on the initial patient cohort established by the Chinese SLE Treatment and Research Group, a total of 8713 patients (795 men and 7918 women) with newly diagnosed SLE were enrolled between April 2009 and March 2021. Of these, 2900 patients (347 men and 2553 women) were eligible for lupus nephritis (LN). A cross-sectional analysis of the baseline demographic characteristics, clinical manifestations, laboratory parameters, organ damage, initial treatment regimens, and renal pathology classification was performed according to sex. RESULTS: In the SLE group, as compared to female patients, male patients had a later age of onset (male vs. female: 37.0 ± 15.8 years vs. 35.1 ± 13.7 years, P  = 0.006) and a higher SLE International Collaborative Clinic/American College of Rheumatology damage index score (male vs. female: 0.47 ± 1.13 vs. 0.34 ± 0.81, P  = 0.015), LN (male vs. female: 43.6% vs. 32.2%, P < 0.001), fever (male vs. female: 18.0% vs. 14.6%, P  = 0.010), thrombocytopenia (male vs. female: 21.4% vs. 18.5%, P  = 0.050), serositis (male vs. female: 14.7% vs. 11.7%, P  = 0.013), renal damage (male vs. female: 11.1% vs. 7.4%, P < 0.001), and treatment with cyclophosphamide (CYC) (P < 0.001). The frequency of leukopenia (male vs. female: 20.5% vs. 25.4%, P  = 0.002) and arthritis (male vs. female: 22.0% vs. 29.9%, P < 0.001) was less in male patients with SLE. In LN, no differences were observed in disease duration, SLE Disease Activity Index score, renal biopsy pathological typing, or 24-h urine protein quantification among the sexes. In comparisons with female patients with LN, male patients had later onset ages (P  = 0.026), high serum creatinine (P < 0.001), higher end-stage renal failure rates (P  = 0.002), musculoskeletal damage (P  = 0.023), cardiovascular impairment (P  = 0.009), and CYC use (P  = 0.001); while leukopenia (P  = 0.017), arthritis (P  = 0.014), and mycophenolate usage (P  = 0.013) rates were lower. CONCLUSIONS Male SLE patients had more severe organ damage and a higher LN incidence compared with female SLE patients; therefore, they may require more aggressive initial treatment compared to female patients.
Humans ; Female ; Male ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Sex Characteristics ; East Asian People ; Severity of Illness Index ; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/diagnosis* ; Lupus Nephritis/pathology* ; Registries ; Cyclophosphamide/therapeutic use* ; Thrombocytopenia ; Leukopenia/drug therapy* ; Arthritis

Objective To investigate the effects of HLA-B27 in disease activity and the clinical features of axial spondyloarthritis(SpA). Methods Clinical data of 112 patients with axial SpA was collected and studied prospectively. Clinical manifestations and laboratory examination results of 82 HLA-B27 positive and 30 HLA-B27 negative patients with axial SpA were analyzed. Data source was from Chinese Rheumatism Data Center. Results (1)The average age of onset of HLA-B27 negative patients was significantly later than that of the positive patients , and there was no significant difference in the course of disease and the proportion of male and female patients. (2)The ratio of severe lesion of hip ,peripheral arthritis ,attachment inflammation and systemic symptoms of HLA-B27 negative group were significantly lower than those of HLA-B27 positive group. Familial aggregation phenomenon,uveitis and spine radiology changes in two groups had no significant difference.(3)The changes of disease activity index including erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C-reactive protein increased in HLA-B 27 negative group was significantly lower than those in HLA-B27 positive group. Conclusion There is strong correlation between axial SpA and HLA-B27. The average age of onset of HLA-B27 negative patients was significantly later than that of the positive patients. HLA-B27 negative patients manifested severe symptoms and worse prognosis.

Objective To compare and analyze the occurrence of delayed cerebral ischemia(DCI)after coiling and clipping of intracranial aneurysms, and explore the risk factors of DCI. Methods A total of 236 patients with aneurysms diagnosed by CT angiography (CTA) or digital subtraction angiography (DSA) in Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital were enrolled in this study from March 2011 to May 2014. Patients were divided into clipping group(n=135) and coiling group(n=101). The clinical characteristics were compared between two groups, including gender, age, medical history, GCS score, Hunt-Hess grade, Fisher grade, WFNS grade, aneurysm location, prognosis and incidence of DCI. Risk factors for DCI were investigated by Logistic regression analysis. Results DCI was occurred in 36 patients (26.7%) underwent clipping operation while in 11 patients (10.9%) underwent coiling operation. The incidence was significantly higher in clipping group compared with that of coiling group (P <0.01). The patients were followed up for 6 months. The poor prognosis rates were 17.0%and 25.7%in clipping group and coiling group, respectively (P>0.01). The overall mortality was 11.0%, the former had a lower mortality rate (5.9% vs. 17.8%, P <0.01). According to Logistic regression analysis, Fisher Grade 3-4, postoperative pulmonary infection and surgical procedure were independent risk factors for DCI (P<0.01). Conclusion DCI is one of the most significant factors for high fatality and morbidity of postoperative aneurysm patients. There is a low occurrence of DCI after coiling compared with that of clipping. If we pay more attention to risk factors associated with the DCI, it will improve the prognosis of postoperative aneurysm patients greatly.

Objective: To compare the diagnosis and treatment experience of brain abscesses and improve prognosis. Methods: The data of 302 patients of brain abscess at Department of Neurosurgery in Tianjin Medical University General Hospital from 1980 to 2014 was analyzed retrospectively. There were 215 male and 87 female patients aged from 11 to 82 years with mean age of (30±8) years. The patients was divided into 1980-2001 group and 2002-2014 group according to different diagnosis and the treatment methods. The therapy methods include operation and conservative treatment. There were 196 cases received operation, including 95 cases of excision, 89 cases of ventriculopuncture, 12 cases of excision after ventriculopuncture, 106 cases received drug conservative therapy. Two groups of information including clinical manifestation, abscess location, therapeutic effect and prognosis were compared by χ² test. Results: Compared to 1980-2001 group, adjacent infection incidence declined(χ²=8.000, P=0.005). The ratio of single abscess declined and multiple abscess increased(χ²=11.060, P=0.001), the infection proportion of frontal lobe and temporal lobe decreased(χ²=9.080, P=0.003; χ²=15.440, P=0.000). The ratio of headache and vomit and papilledema declined significantly(χ²=23.290, P=0.000; χ²=21.020, P=0.000; χ²=2.290, P=0.001). Total mortality of 302 patients were 23 cases and 5 cases of 1980-2001 group and 2002-2014 group (10.4% vs. 6.3%, χ²=1.180, P=0.277). However, there were statistical difference in postoperative mortality between both groups (14.4% vs. 4.0%, χ² =3.880, P=0.049). Conclusion With the application of antibiotics and the development of neurosurgical techniques, the prognosis of brain abscess has been improved.