AIM: To explore the effects of preoperative anterior segment parameters on the rotational stability of Toric intraocular lens(Toric IOL).METHODS:Prospective study. A total of 41 cataract patients(54 eyes)with combined corneal regular astigmatism from March to December 2023 were included and treated with cataract phacoemulsification combined with plate loop Toric IOL implantation in the Department of Ophthalmology of the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University. The rotation degree of Toric IOL and uncorrected distance visual acuity(UCDVA)were evaluated at 1 d, 2 wk, and 1 mo postoperatively, the corrected distance visual acuity(CDVA)was evaluated at 2 wk and 1 mo after surgery, and the decentration and tilt of the Toric IOL were assessed at 2 wk postoperatively.RESULTS:A total of 33 patients(40 eyes)were included in this study. The UCDVA(LogMAR)of 1 d, 2 wk and 1 mo postoperatively were 0.10(0.10, 0.30), 0.05(0, 0.10)and 0(0, 0.10), respectively, which was improved compared with the preoperative levels of [0.80(0.49, 1.00)](P<0.001). The CDVA(LogMAR)of 2 wk and 1 mo postoperatively were 0.05(0, 0.15)and 0(0, 0.138), respectively, which was improved compared with preoperative levels of [0.52(0.40, 0.80)](P<0.001). The residual astigmatism of 2 wk and 1 mo postoperatively were 0.625(0.25, 0.75)D and 0.50(0.25, 0.75)D, respectively, which was significantly reduced compared with preoperative astigmatism of [1.82(1.31, 2.59)D](P<0.001). The preoperative anterior segment length(ASL), and lens thickness(LT)were positively correlated with Toric IOL rotation degree at 1 d(rs=0.463, P=0.003; rs=0.340, P=0.032)and 2 wk(rs=0.520, P=0.001; rs=0.409, P=0.009)postoperatively. At 1 mo postoperatively, only ASL was positively correlated with Toric IOL rotation degree(rs=0.463, P=0.003). The results of linear regression analysis showed that preoperative ASL was a predictor of rotation degree at 1 d, 2 wk and 1 mo after surgery(F1 d=10.098, P1 d=0.003; F2 wk=16.915, P2 wk<0.001; F1 mo=10.957, P1 mo=0.002). The rotation degree of Toric IOL was positively correlated with lens decentration(rs=0.360, P=0.043).CONCLUSION:The early postoperative rotation of Toric IOL is positively correlated with ASL, and the rotation is also positively correlated with lens decentration.

Background::Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive type of breast cancer associated with poor prognosis and limited treatment options. The androgen receptor (AR) has emerged as a potential therapeutic target for luminal androgen receptor (LAR) TNBC. However, multiple studies have claimed that anti-androgen therapy for AR-positive TNBC only has limited clinical benefits. This study aimed to investigate the role of AR in TNBC and its detailed mechanism.Methods::Immunohistochemistry and TNBC tissue sections were applied to investigate AR and nectin cell adhesion molecule 4 (NECTIN4) expression in TNBC tissues. Then, in vitro and in vivo assays were used to explore the function of AR and estrogen receptor beta (ERβ) in TNBC. Chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing (ChIP-seq), co-immunoprecipitation (co-IP), molecular docking method, and luciferase reporter assay were performed to identify key molecules that affect the function of AR. Results::Based on the TNBC tissue array analysis, we revealed that ERβ and AR were positive in 21.92% (32/146) and 24.66% (36/146) of 146 TNBC samples, respectively, and about 13.70% (20/146) of TNBC patients were ERβ positive and AR positive. We further demonstrated the pro-tumoral effects of AR on TNBC cells, however, the oncogenic biology was significantly suppressed when ERβ transfection in LAR TNBC cell lines but not in AR-negative TNBC. Mechanistically, we identified that NECTIN4 promoter –42 bp to –28 bp was an AR response element, and that ERβ interacted with AR thus impeding the AR-mediated NECTIN4 transcription which promoted epithelial–mesenchymal transition in tumor progression. Conclusions::This study suggests that ERβ functions as a suppressor mediating the effect of AR in TNBC prognosis and cell proliferation. Therefore, our current research facilitates a better understanding of the role and mechanisms of AR in TNBC carcinogenesis.

Objective:To explore the mechanism of exacerbating chronic graft versus host disease (GVHD) in mice with inflammatory status and enhancing immune injury in mice with PD-1.Method:Bone marrow and spleen cells of DBA/2 mice were injected into BALB/C mice pretreated with chemotherapy regimen (Flu+Bu) for constructing a chronic GVHD model. The animals were assigned into two groups of zymosan (100M SPL+10M BM+Zymosan) and control (100M SPL+10M BM+ PBS). After transplantation, two groups of mice were observed for weight changes, survival status and chronic GVHD manifestations. Target organ tissues were harvested for pathological scoring. Flow cytometry was employed for detecting cell subpopulations and surface co-stimulatory molecules in target organs. PD-1 monoclonal antibody was injected into inflammatory murine model. Mice were observed and target organ cells were harvested for subsets and co-stimulatory factors.Result:In in vivo experiments, zymosan group showed more significant changes of chronic GVHD with higher mortality rate, faster weight loss and more severe symptoms of GVHD. At Week 2 post-transplantation, hematoxylin-eosin stain of target organ tissue was performed for pathology examination. Zymosan group showed more lymphocyte infiltration, more severe inflammation and more significant tissue injury with higher GVHD pathological score. The proportion of M2 in liver/lung of zymosan group was significantly lower than that of control group ( P<0.05) and no significant difference existed in the proportion of M1. In in vivo experiments, M1 ratio of splenic cell spiked markedly in zymosan group as compared to control group while M2 ratio declined greatly. The secretions of IL-4 and IL-10 dropped significantly while co-stimulatory molecules CD80 and CD86 rose obviously. Conclusion:The worsening graft-versus-host disease in inflammatory mice with anti-PD1 treatment is associated with a decline of Treg proportion.

Objective To establish a quantitative analysis of multi-compounds by single-marker(QAMS)method for the simultaneous determination of four compounds in formula granules of Pteris multifida and optimize the extraction process of total flavonoids.Methods The relative correction factors(RCFs)of lonicerin,luteolin and apigenin in the formula granules of Pteris multifida were calculated by using the UPLC method with rhoifolin as the internal reference,and their durability was investigated.The external standard method(ESM)was used to determine the content of four compounds in the formula granules of Pteris multifida,and the difference between the calculated values and the measured values was compared.The effects of ultrasonic time,ethanol volume fraction,solid-liquid ratio and ultrasonic power on the extraction rate of total flavonoids were studied by single factor experiment.On this basis,Box-Behnken test with three factors and three levels was conducted to optimize the extraction process of total flavonoids,and the verification experiment was conducted.Results The content of rhoifolin in the formula granules was 0.035%-0.056%,and the content of lonicerin,luteolin and apigenin by QAMS method was 0.085%-0.167%,0.014%-0.028%and 0.004%-0.008%,respectively,which had no significant difference with the external standard method.The optimal extraction conditions of total flavonoids were 80%ethanol water,solid-liquid ratio 1:20,40 minutes extraction,the average extraction rate was 24.46 mg·g-1.Conclusion The established QAMS method was accurate and feasible,and the optimized extraction process of total flavonoids based on Box-Behnken response surface method was simple and feasible,which could lay a foundation for the quality evaluation of the Pteris multifida formula granules.

Objective : To evaluate the clinical effect of enamel matrix derivative(EMD) assisted with connective tissue graft(CTG) in the treatment of gingival recession. Methods : Search The Cochrane Library, PubMed, EMbase, Web of Science, Wanfang Public Database,VIP database and CNKI to search for randomized controlled trials of EMD in the treatment of gingival recession. The search period is from the establishment of the databases to October 3, 2022. The test group was treated with EMD+CTG, while the control group was treated with CTG alone. Meta-analyses were performed using Review Manager 5.4.1 and Stat12.0. Results: Meta analysis results showed that only 12 months after treatment, there was a statistically significant difference in the PD and CAL outcome indicators between the EMD assisted treatment group and the control group [MDPD=-0.10, 95% CI (-0.19, -0.01), P = 0.03], [MDCAL=-0.38, 95% CI(-0.71, -0.04), P = 0.03]. There was no significant difference between the test group and the control group in other indicators. Conclusion EMD assisted CTG in the treatment of gingival recession may be beneficial to the reduction of PD and CAL.

Objective:To evaluate the safety and efficacy of 3D printing-assisted pre-fenestration and branch stent endovascular repair (F/b EVAR) in the treatment of thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysms.Methods:The clinical data of 26 patients treated with 3D printing-assisted F/b EVAR for complicated thoracic and abdominal aortic diseases at the Department of Vascular Surgery, the Ninth People's Hospital,Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine from May 2019 to Sep 2022 were retrospectively analyzed.Results:The success rate in these 26 cases of TAAA with 3D printing combined with F/b EVAR was 97.89%, and the mean follow-up time was (8.03±4.15) months. Four cases had Ⅲc internal leakage and disappeared during the follow-up. One case of type Ⅲ leakage were narrowed during follow-up. Ic type internal leakage occurred in 1 patient and disappeared after the addition of a stent at the distal end. During the follow-up period, aortic CTA indicated that 1 patient had renal artery stent occlusion and smooth blood in other visceral branches. No complications such as organ ischemia, lower limb ischemia and all-cause death occurred during follow-up.Conclusion:3D printing-assisted F/b EVAR minimally invasive repair of TAAA is a feasible, effective and safe technique, with high success rate and low complication rate of visceral branch artery reconstruction.

Objective:To explore the effect of Xingnao Kaiqiao acupuncture treatment on brain network reorganization for the patients with stroke recovery, and therefore understand the neural mechanism underlying Xingnao Kaiqiao acupuncture treatment.Methods:Prospective case series study. Thirteen acute ischemia stroke patients were recruited from the Department of Neurology, Shanghai Minhang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine from Aug 2018 to Oct 2019. They were treated with Xingnao Kaiqiao acupuncture once a day for 10 consecutive days in addition to routine treatments, and received clinical assessments before treatment and 14 days after treatment onset. EEG signals were recorded during the first acupuncture treatment, from before inserting the needles (the baseline), during needle retention, to after removal of the needles. The brain network was constructed using phase locking index, and its clustering coefficient (CC), characteristic path length (PL) and small-worldness (S) were analyzed using one-way repeated ANOVA.Results:Compared with the baseline, the CC of delta-band network (sparsity=0.10: t=3.306, P=0.006; 0.12: t=2.909, P=0.013; 0.14: t=2.331, P=0.038) and the PL of delta-band (sparsity=0.12: t=3.236, P=0.007; 0.14: t=2.754, P=0.017, 0.18: t=2.878, P=0.014) and alpha-band (sparsity=0.10: t=2.432, P=0.032) networks were significantly decreased during the needle retention stage. Clinical assessments demonstrated a significant treatment efficacy of Xingnao Kaiqiao acupuncture, and its efficacy which was indicated by improved NIHSS score, was significantly correlated with the CC changes in the delta band network from baseline to needle retention. The correlation was strongest when the network sparsity was 0.12 ( r=0.78, P=0.002). Conclusion:Xingnao Kaiqiao acupuncture can regulate the brain network of stroke patients in real time, and this immediate regulation maybe associated with its treatment effect.

The aim of this study was to investigate the role of selenoprotein M (SelM) in endoplasmic reticulum stress and apoptosis in nickel-exposed mouse hearts and to explore the detoxifying effects of melatonin. At 21 d after intraperitoneal injection of nickel chloride (NiCl₂) and/or melatonin into male wild-type (WT) and SelM knockout (KO) C57BL/6J mice, NiCl₂ was found to induce changes in the microstructure and ultrastructure of the hearts of both WT and SelM KO mice, which were caused by oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and apoptosis, as evidenced by decreases in malondialdehyde (MDA) content and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) activity. Changes in the messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein expression of genes related to endoplasmic reticulum stress (activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4), inositol-requiring protein 1 (IRE1), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), and C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP)) and apoptosis (B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2), Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax), Caspase-3, Caspase-9, and Caspase-12) were also observed. Notably, the observed damage was worse in SelM KO mice. Furthermore, melatonin alleviated the heart injury caused by NiCl₂ in WT mice but could not exert a good protective effect in the heart of SelM KO mice. Overall, the findings suggested that the antioxidant capacity of SelM, as well as its modulation of endoplasmic reticulum stress and apoptosis, plays important roles in nickel-induced heart injury.
Animals ; Male ; Mice ; Antioxidants/pharmacology* ; Apoptosis ; Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress ; Melatonin/pharmacology* ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Nickel/adverse effects* ; Selenoproteins/genetics* ; Heart/drug effects*

Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is an inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system, primarily affecting the optic nerve and spinal cord.In addition to aquaporin 4 antibody, more and more studies have shown that interleukins (IL) also play an important role in the progression of NMOSD.For example, among the most common CD4 + T cells, Th17 cells can destroy the blood-brain barrier to invade the central nervous system and then affect autoimmunity; Th2-mediated IL-4 and IL-10 regulate immune activities by activating macrophages; Tregs can suppress the immune response by restricting various immune cell functions.The levels of related IL in the cerebrospinal fluid and blood of NMOSD patients vary at different stages of the disease course.This article mainly reviews the role and a change characteristics of interleukins related to NMOSD, which helps us to understand its pathogenic mechanism in-depth, and discusses whether IL can be used as immunophysiological markers to diagnose NMOSD.

Objective:To explore the application of cognitive interview (CI) in intercultural adaptation of the Happiness Scale for Middle-Aged Women (HAS-MW) .Methods:This was a qualitative study. In January 2022, 20 middle-aged women in community of Yanji City were selected by purposive sampling for two rounds of CI, and 10 subjects participated in each round of CI. According to the interview outline, we understood the understanding of the subjects on the HAS-MW items that were preliminarily localized in Chinese. The expert group discussed and revised the items of the scale according to the interview results.Results:In this study, a total of 2 rounds of cognitive interviews were conducted, the age of 10 respondents (P1-P10) in the first round was (49.00±3.55) , and the age of 10 respondents (P11-P20) in the second round was (51.00±3.16) . After the first round, 6 items in HAS-MW were revised due to "imperfect language, grammar and expression". The second round of CI results showed that the respondents understood the contents of the revised scale items and believed that they were consistent with the original scale.Conclusions:Through CI, we can comprehensively understand middle-aged women's understanding of the content of the HAS-MW, effectively find out the cognitive bias caused by improper language expression in the process of the scale's localization, improve the understanding of the content of the scale by the interviewees, which is conducive to intercultural adaptation of the HAS-MW and provides a reference for the revision of the scale.