ObjectiveTo investigate the differences in the regulatory effects of formulas containing Ephedrae Herba and Armeniacae Semen Amarum （Mahuangtang， Sanaotang， and Maxing Shigantang） on thermosensitive transient receptor potential ion channels （thermo TRPs） in the mouse model of asthmatic airway inflammation. MethodsSixty female C57BL/6 mice were allocated into blank， model， dexamethasone （0.75 mg·kg^-1）， Mahuangtang （3.8 g·kg^-1）， Sanaotang （2.8 g·kg^-1）， and Maxing Shigantang （6.6 g·kg^-1） groups （n=10）. The mouse model of asthma was established with ovalbumin （OVA） and treated with normal saline （blank group） or corresponding drugs （10 mL·kg^-1）， once a day， 19-28 days after modeling. The levels of eosinophils （EOS） in peripheral blood and white blood cell （WBC） in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid （BALF）， changes in enhanced pause （Penh）， and pathological damage of lung tissue were observed in each group. Western blot and real-time PCR were employed to quantify the protein and mRNA levels， respectively， of high-temperature thermosensitive channels （TRPV1 and TRPV3） and low-temperature thermosensitive channels （TRPA1 and TRPM8） in the lung tissue. ResultsCompared with the blank group， the model group showed a typical asthma phenotype， including elevations in the level of EOS in peripheral blood， level of WBC in BALF， and value of Penh （P<0.05，P<0.01）， and severe lung tissue damage. Compared with the model group， the three formulas alleviated the asthma phenotype to varying degrees （P<0.05，P<0.01）. Compared with the blank group， the model group showed up-regulated protein levels of TRPV1 and TRPA1 in the lung tissue （P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， Maxing Shigantang and Sanaotang groups showed down-regulated protein levels of TRPV1 and TRPA1 （P<0.05， P<0.01）. Moreover， Maxing Shigantang and Sanaotang groups showed more significant down-regulation in protein levels of TRPV1 and TRPA1， respectively （P<0.01）， while no obvious regulatory effect was observed in the Mahuangtang group. Compared with those in the blank group， the protein levels of TRPV3 and TRPM8 were up-regulated in the model group （P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， Maxing Shigantang and Sanaotang down-regulated the protein levels of TRPV3 and TRPM8 （P<0.01）. Moreover， Maxing Shigantang and Sanaotang exerted stronger down-regulating effects on TRPV3 （P<0.05） and TRPM8 （P<0.01）， respectively. Compared with the blank group， the model group presented up-regulated mRNA levels of TRPV1， TRPV3， TRPA1， and TRPM8 in the lung tissue （P<0.01）， and such up-regulations were significantly decreased by Maxing Shigantang and Sanaotang （P<0.01）. Moreover， Maxing Shigantang outperformed Sanaotang in regulating high-temperature thermosensitive channels TRPV1 and TRPV3 （P<0.05， P<0.01）. The regulation effect of the， Maxing Shigantang on high-temperature thermosensory channel proteins of TRPV1 and TRPV3 was better than that of the Sanaotang P<0.05P<0.01while the Sanaotang outperformedhad a significant regulatory effect on Maxing Shigantang in regulating the low-temperature thermosensory thermosensitive channel proteins of TRPA1 and TRPM8which was better than that of the Maxing Shigantang （P<0.05，P<0.01）. ConclusionThe experimental results showed that Mahuangtang， Sanaotang， and Maxing Shigantang all had protective effects on asthma airway inflammation.while Mahuangtang did not show the regulatory effect on TRPV1 and or TRPA1. Maxing Shigantang preferred to regulate high-temperature thermosensory thermosensitive channels of TRPV1 and TRPV3 channels， and Sanaotang preferred to regulate low-temperature thermosensory thermosensitive channels of TRPA1 and TRPM8.

Mori Cortex is sweet and pungent in taste， cold in nature， and has the tropism to the lung meridian. It has the functions of purging the lung and relieving asthma and can treat oliguria and edema， being one of the commonly used herbal medicines in clinical practice. The prescriptions with Mori Cortex， such as Sangbaipi Tang， Qingjin Huatanfang， and Qingfei Huatantang， are widely used in clinical practice. The main active components in Mori Cortex are the material basis for its efficacy. Owing to the mature methods for the identification of pharmacodynamic substances in Chinese herbal medicines， the research on the chemical components of Mori Cortex has been in-depth and systematic. This article reviews the recent studies about the chemical components and pharmacological effects of Mori Cortex， as well as the treatment of respiratory diseases by the prescriptions with Mori Cortex. On this basis， the effect and mechanism of Mori Cortex and related prescriptions in the treatment of respiratory diseases are summarized. Furthermore， this article analyzes the formulation compatibility and commonly used dosages of Mori Cortex-related prescriptions in clinical practice. It provides reference for the clinical application of Mori Cortex and related prescriptions in the treatment of respiratory diseases.

Objective: Comparing the benefit of Abidor, lopinavir/ritonavir and recombinant interferon α-2b triple combination antiviral therapy and lopinavir/ritonavir and interferon dual combination antiviral therapy to hospitalized novel coronavirus pneumonia 2019 in Zhejiang province. Methods: A multi-center prospective study was carried out to compare the effect of triple combination antiviral therapy with dual combination antiviral therapy in 15 medical institutions of Zhejiang Province. All patients were treated with recombinant interferon α-2b (5 million U, 2 times/d) aerosol inhalation. 196 patients were treated with abidol (200 mg, 3 times/d) + lopinavir / ritonavir (2 tablets, 1 time/12 h) as the triple combination antiviral treatment group. 41 patients were treated with lopinavir / ritonavir (2 tablets, 1 time/12 h) as the dual combination antiviral treatment group. The patients who received triple combination antiviral therapy were divided into three groups: within 48 hours, 3-5 days and > 5 days after the symptom onset. To explore the therapeutic effects of triple combination antiviral drugs and dual combination antiviral drugs, as well as triple combination antiviral drugs with different antiviral initiate time. SPSS17.0 software was used to analyze the data. Results: The time of virus nucleic acid turning negative was (12.2 ± 4.7) days in the triple combination antiviral drug group, which was shorter than that in the dual combination antiviral drug group [(15.0 ± 5.0) days] (t = 6.159, P < 0.01 ). The length of hospital stay [12 (9, 17) d] in the triple combination antiviral drug group was also shorter than that in the dual combination antiviral drug group [15 (10, 18) d] (H = 2.073, P < 0.05). Comparing the antiviral treatment which was started within 48 hours, 3-5 days and > 5 days after the symptom onset of triple combination antiviral drug group, the time from the symptom onset to the negative of viral shedding was 13 (10,16.8), 17 (13,22) and 21 (18-24) days respectively (Z = 32.983, P < 0.01), and the time from antiviral therapy to the negative of viral shedding was (11.8±3.9) , (13.5±5.1) and (11.2±4.3) d. The differences among the three groups were statistically significant (Z=32.983 and 6.722, P<0.01 or<0.05). Conclusions The triple combination antiviral therapy of Abidor, Lopinavir/Litonavir and recombinant interferon α-2b showed shorter viral shedding time and hospitalization time compared with the dual combination antiviral therapy. The earlier the time to initiate triple antiviral treatment, the shorter the time of virus shedding.

Objective:To compare the efficacy of the combination of abidol, lopinavir/ritonavir plus recombinant interferon α-2b (rIFNα-2b) and the combination of lopinavir/ritonavir plus rIFNα-2b for patients with COVID-19 in Zhejiang province.Methods:A multicenter prospective study was carried out to compare the efficacy of triple combination antiviral therapy and dual combination antiviral therapy in 15 medical institutions of Zhejiang province during January 22 to February 16, 2020. All patients were treated with rIFNα-2b (5 million U, 2 times/d) aerosol inhalation, in addition 196 patients were treated with abidol (200 mg, 3 times/d) + lopinavir/ritonavir (2 tablets, 1 time/12 h) (triple combination group) and 41 patients were treated with lopinavir/ritonavir (2 tablets, 1 time/12 h) (dual combination group). The patients who received triple combination antiviral therapy were further divided into three subgroups: <48 h, 3-5 d and >5 d according the time from the symptom onset to medication starting. The therapeutic efficacy was compared between triple combination group and dual combination group, and compared among 3 subgroups of patients receiving triple combination antiviral therapy. SPSS 17.0 software was used to analyze the data.Results:The virus nucleic acid-negative conversion time in respiratory tract specimens was (12.2±4.7) d in the triple combination group, which was shorter than that in the dual combination group [(15.0±5.0) d] ( t=6.159, P<0.01). The length of hospital stay in the triple combination group [12.0 (9.0, 17.0) d] was also shorter than that in the dual combination group [15.0 (10.0, 18.0) d] ( H=2.073, P<0.05). Compared with the antiviral treatment which was started within after the symptom onset of in the triple combination group, the time from the symptom onset to the viral negative conversion was 13.0 (10.0, 17.0), 17.0 (13.0, 22.0) and 21.0 (18.0, 24.0) d in subgroups of 48 h, 3-5 d and >5 d, respectively ( Z=32.983, P<0.01), while the time from antiviral therapy to viral negative conversion was (11.8±3.9), (13.5±5.1) and (11.2±4.3) d, respectively( Z=6.722, P<0.05). Conclusions:The triple combination antiviral therapy of abidol, lopinavir/litonavir and rIFNα-2b shows shorter viral shedding time and shorter hospitalization time, compared with the dual combination antiviral therapy; and the earlier starting triple combination antiviral therapy will result in better antiviral efficacy.

Objective To explorethe long-term prognosis of the triangular resectionvalvuloplasty for posterior mitral valve prolapse and provide a reference for the clinical treatment.Methods We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 61 pa-tients with posterior mitral valve prolapse underwent the mitral valvuloplasty in our hospital from Match 2008 to December 2016.30 patients who underwent triangular resection for posterior mitral valve prolapse.31 patients who underwentstandard quadrangular resection.The cardiac functional parameters and condition of mitral regurgitation were compared among the period of preoperation,discharging and follow-up.Results The mean follow-up period was 42 ±34(3-106)months.left atrium and left ventricular diameter were decreased(P<0.05).Inresrarch group,there was 1 patient who have moderate regurgitation,ar-rhythmia is one.In control group,there was arrhythmia in 1 cases,moderate regurgitation in 2 cases and death in 1 cases.Rate of freedom from reregurgitation was(97 ±6)% in research group and was(97 ±4)% in control group.There was no SAM in two groups.There were no significant differences of survival or risk of reoperation.There was a statistic difference of NYHA classification of cardiac function in the phase of follow-up than that of discharging(P<0.05).Conclusion Triangular resec-tion of a prolapsed posterior mitral leaflet is a simplified,reliable, reproducible, and durable procedure,like quadrangular re-section of a prolapsed posterior leaflet.

Objective To observe the antibacterial and synergistic effect of Xianglian Suppository with miconazole suppository for the treatment of simple vulvovaginal candidiasis ( VVC) , and to explore the advantages of integrative Chinese and western medicine for the treatment of simple VVC. Methods According to the principle of randomized trial, 65 simple VVC patients were divided into two groups, 35 cases in test group and 30 in control group. The test group was given Xianglian suppository and miconazole suppository, and the control group was treated with miconazole suppository, the medication lasting for 7 days. The changes of symptom scores before and after treatment were observed, and the therapeutic effect and safety were also evaluated in both groups. Results ( 1) After treatment for one course, the markedly effective rate and total effective rate were 60.00%, 88.57% in the test group, and were 23.33%, 60.00% in the control group, respectively, the differences being significant between the two groups ( P<0.01). ( 2) After treatment, symptom scores were decreased in both groups ( P<0.01 compared with those before treatment) , and the decrease in the test group was superior to that in the control group (P<0.01). (3) One case of the test group had the complaint of severer pruritus vulvae after medication, and the results of physical examination showed the case had vulvovaginal flush but had no edema, blister or other discomfort. The manifestations disappeared when the medication continued, indicating that the case had no allergic reaction. No case had allergic reaction in the control group. Conclusion For the treatment of simple VVC, Xianglian suppository combined with miconazole suppository can obviously relieve the clinical symptoms, and is effective and safe.

ABSTRACTOBJECTIVE To explore the clinical application and features of Glycyrrhizae prescriptions with incompatible herbs by doing the survey and contrastive analysis in different third?grade class?A hospitals from the central and eastern parts of China.METHODS Clinical prescriptions containing Glycyrrhizae with incompatible herbs were collected.Association rules were utilized to analyze the compatible features of these herbs.RESULTS The drugs with the highest support in the two places areliquorice rootseaweedIndian breadkelpcassia twigwhite peony roottree peony barkpeach seedcommon self?heal fruit?spikestarwort root etc.liquorice root and seaweed ranked the first in both places.The pairs of drugs highly rec-ommended in the two places areseaweed and liquorice rootliquorice root and Indian breadseaweed and Indian breadsea-weed and kelpliquorice root and kelpliquorice root and cassia twig etc.The drug pair with the highest support in the east is liquorice root and seaweedand then is the seaweed and kelp and liquorice root and kelp.Besides liquorice root and seaweedthe drug pair with the highest support in the middle part is liquorice root and Indian breadand then are the Indian bread and seaweedwhite peony root and liquorice root.The key pairs with high support in both places areseaweed?liquorice root?Indi-an breadseaweed?liquorice root?kelpseaweed?liquorice root?cassia twigliquorice root?Indian bread?cassia twigseaweed?liq-uorice root?white peony root.The drug pairs with high support in the east areliquorice root?seaweed?kelpliquorice root?sea-weed?Indian breadliquorice root?chicken gizzard linning?seaweedchicken gizzard linning?seaweed?Indian breadliquorice root ?chicken gizzard linning?Indian bread etc.The drug pairs with high support in the middle part areIndian bread?liquorice root ?seaweedliquorice root?cassia twig? seaweedwhite peony root? liquorice root?seaweedIndian bread?liquorice root?cassia twigIndian bread?tree peony bark?liquorice root etc.CONCLUSION The clinical application of Glycyrrhizae with incompati-ble herbs can be foundwith the herbal pair of Thallus Sargassi and Glycyrrhizae being the most common one.But there exits the differences in the combined application between eastern China and central China.

To investigate the mechanism of binding of human serum albumin (HSA) with potential sensitinogen, including chlorogenic acid and two isochlorogenic acids (3,4-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid and 3,5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid).

OBJECTIVETo investigate the laws of eighteen incompatible medicaments of the chest pain prescriptions based on association rules mining.

METHODThe database of chest pain prescription was established and then the chest pain prescriptions composed of eighteen incompatible medicaments were screened. The dynasty, couplet medicines, the property and flavor of drugs and preparation form were analyzed with the frequent item sets and corresponding analysis methods.

RESULTEight hundred and fifty chest pain prescriptions were collected, and 88 of them contained eighteen incompatible medicaments, taking 10.3% of all; the applications of ancient and modern chest pain prescriptions containing eighteen incompatible medicaments are significant difference (P < 0.05). Ancient formulas, mainly focus on the eastern jin dynasty and tang dynasty, are more often used than the modern formulas. The most common anti-drugs is on the Fuzi-Pinellia, Chuanwu-Pinellia; the property and flavor of drugs is bitter cold most closely; the decoction of the formulas is mostly used.

CONCLUSIONEighteen incompatible medicaments account for about ten percent of the chest pain prescription, not an uncommon side. There are certain rules for application of anti-drug compatibility to treat chest pain.

Chest Pain ; drug therapy ; History, Medieval ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; history

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the correlativity between volatile components of Wuao decoction and its major constituting herbs.

METHODThe chemical compositions of essential oil, obtained by hydrodistillation from Wu-ao Decoction and its major constituting herbs (Herba Ephedrae, Semen Armeniacae Amarum, Radix Platycodi, Herba Schizonepetae), were analyzed by GC-MS.

RESULTThe volatile components of Wu-ao Decoction were mostly derived from Herba Ephedrae, Radix Platycodi and Herba Sehizonepetae.

CONCLUSIONThe method of GC-MS can be used to investigate the volatile component changes in traditional Chinese medicine formulae.

Asteraceae ; chemistry ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; analysis ; chemistry ; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry ; methods ; Oils, Volatile ; analysis ; chemistry