Background The Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region is a vast area with a wide array of ecological environments, resulting in considerable regional variations in air pollution characteristics. Current research is limited by a scarcity of systematic, region-wide studies and risk assessments. Objective To assess the health risks associated with inhalation exposure to nine heavy metal and metalloid elements in atmospheric fine particulate matter (PM_2.5) for the population of the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. Methods From the 10th to the 16th of each month throughout 2023, atmospheric PM_2.5 samples were collected at designated monitoring sites in 12 leagues (cities) across the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region to analyze the characteristics and trends in concentration. The health risk assessment model developed by the United States Environmental Protection Agency was employed to evaluate both the non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risks associated with the heavy metal elements beryllium (Be), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), hydrargyrum (Hg), plumbum (Pb), manganese (Mn), and nickel (Ni) and the metalloid elements stibium (Sb) and arsenic (As). Results In 2023, a total of 1206 valid PM_2.5 samples were analyzed from the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. The annual average PM_2.5 concentrations in Inner Mongolia, as well as in the cities of Ordos, Wuhai, and the Alxa League, all exceeded the national limit of 35 μg·m⁻³. The PM_2.5 concentrations across the leagues (cities) exhibited a clear seasonal variation, peaking in winter, followed by spring, and reaching a minimum in summer and autumn. The median PM_2.5 concentration in Ordos throughout the year was higher than that in the other leagues (cities) of the region. Concerning health risks, the non-carcinogenic risks associated with the 9 elements detected in each league (city) were all below 1, indicating acceptable levels. However, the non-carcinogenic risk values for Mn, Cr, and As were relatively high; specifically, Ordos City displayed the highest non-carcinogenic risk values for Mn (7.74×10⁻¹) and Cr (2.97×10⁻²), while Chifeng City recorded the highest value for As (2.34×10⁻³). The carcinogenic risk values for As, Cd, Cr, and Ni fell within the range of 1×10⁻⁹ to 1×10⁻⁵, representing an acceptable level. The health risks varied with age, and the elderly residents faced the highest non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic health risks. Conclusion While the carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks from heavy metals and metalloids within atmospheric PM_2.5 in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region are generally within acceptable limits, the potential risks that Mn, As, and Cr pose to the health of elderly people warrants particular attention, and Ordos and Chifeng cities exhibit notably higher health risks among other areas. It is recommended that regular, long-term monitoring be conducted, taking into account the specific conditions at monitoring sites across each league (city), and that targeted air quality management strategies be implemented to protect public health.

BACKGROUND:Research on adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells and their exosomes often uses proteomics to analyze their roles in tissue repair,but comparative proteomic analyses between the two are scarce.OBJECTIVE:To analyze adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells and their exosomes using proteomic analysis.METHODS:Rat adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells were isolated,cultured,and identified.Exosomes were then extracted from cell supernatant and identified.Differentially expressed proteins of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells and their exosomes were analyzed using DIA proteomics.Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analyses were performed on these differentially expressed proteins.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1) Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells displayed a mainly spindle-shaped,fibroblast-like morphology.(2) The exosome suspension protein concentration was 7.66 mg/mL,as determined by the BCA method.(3) Exosomes exhibited a characteristic teacup shape with a visible double-layer membrane vesicle structure.The center presented a low electron density component.The exosomes showed a peak particle size distribution of 112.2 nm,a concentration of 7.5×1011 particles/mL,and an average diameter ranging from 70 to 140 nm.(4) Exosomes expressed high levels of surface marker proteins CD9 and TSG101.(5) Gene Ontology analysis of differentially expressed proteins revealed enrichment in the extracellular matrix and synapses,with functions related to ion binding,ribosome binding,and particularly cell adhesion and translation.(6) Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis indicated that the differentially expressed proteins were primarily involved in extracellular matrix receptor interaction,ribosome,and cytokine receptor interaction,and also associated with various metabolic diseases like cholesterol and thyroid disorders.

BACKGROUND:Research on adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells and their exosomes often uses proteomics to analyze their roles in tissue repair,but comparative proteomic analyses between the two are scarce.OBJECTIVE:To analyze adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells and their exosomes using proteomic analysis.METHODS:Rat adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells were isolated,cultured,and identified.Exosomes were then extracted from cell supernatant and identified.Differentially expressed proteins of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells and their exosomes were analyzed using DIA proteomics.Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analyses were performed on these differentially expressed proteins.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1) Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells displayed a mainly spindle-shaped,fibroblast-like morphology.(2) The exosome suspension protein concentration was 7.66 mg/mL,as determined by the BCA method.(3) Exosomes exhibited a characteristic teacup shape with a visible double-layer membrane vesicle structure.The center presented a low electron density component.The exosomes showed a peak particle size distribution of 112.2 nm,a concentration of 7.5×1011 particles/mL,and an average diameter ranging from 70 to 140 nm.(4) Exosomes expressed high levels of surface marker proteins CD9 and TSG101.(5) Gene Ontology analysis of differentially expressed proteins revealed enrichment in the extracellular matrix and synapses,with functions related to ion binding,ribosome binding,and particularly cell adhesion and translation.(6) Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis indicated that the differentially expressed proteins were primarily involved in extracellular matrix receptor interaction,ribosome,and cytokine receptor interaction,and also associated with various metabolic diseases like cholesterol and thyroid disorders.

As adult stem cells, human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) have the potential for self-replication, renewal, and multidirection differentiation. Their unique biological function determines their wide clinical indications. Researchers can define the quality attributes of hMSCs according to clinical expectations. The quality study of hMSCs should consider microbiological safety, biological safety, cell biological properties, and biological effectiveness. Quality evaluation is a common physical, chemical, and biological evaluation method for hMSCs. Traditional product safety evaluation strategies cannot fully adapt to current technology and product usage characteristics. Researchers have developed new, effective evaluation methods based on current technology. In terms of product efficacy evaluation strategies, an efficacy evaluation system has been gradually established and standardized according to the intended clinical use and based on quality studies, which can enable researchers to evaluate hMSCs products more comprehensively at different stages and processes. In this paper, the progress of quality research and evaluation of human mesenchymal stem cells was reviewed to provide a reference for the utilization of stem cells in the field of regenerative medicine.

Background The safety of drinking water is closely related to people's health. In recent years, relevant studies have identified some health related problems with drinking water in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. The complex and diverse natural environment embraced by the vast jurisdiction of the region may lead to uneven drinking water quality across the region. Objective To evaluate eight chemicals including arsenic, cadmium, chromium (hexavalent), lead, mercury, fluoride, trichloromethane, and carbon tetrachloride in urban drinking water in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region in 2021, and to provide reference for optimizing urban water supply system and ideas for further developing strategies to promote population health. Methods A total of 1228 monitoring sites were set up in urban areas of Inner Mongolia, and water samples were collected once in dry season (May) and once in wet season (August−September). Eight chemicals of interest in drinking water were detected according to the Standard examination methods for drinking water, and assessed for health risks using the health risk assessment model recommended by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) and following the Technical guide for environmental health risk assessment of chemical exposure. Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare the concentrations of eight chemicals in urban drinking water by water seasons and water sample types. Results In 2021, a total of 2381 samples of urban drinking water were tested in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, including 1195 samples in wet season and 1186 samples in dry season; 389 samples of finished water and 1992 samples of tap water. The positive rates of arsenic and fluoride were 26.25% and 96.77%, respectively. The positive rates of cadmium, chromium (hexavalent), lead, mercury, trichloromethane, and carbon tetrachloride were 6.22%, 16.63%, 6.09%, 16.67%, 18.98%, and 8.36%, respectively. The exceeding standard rate of fluoride was 4.87%. Trichloromethane and carbon tetrachloride were qualified in all samples. There were statistical differences in the concentrations of arsenic, cadmium, chromium (hexavalent), lead, and carbon tetrachloride in urban drinking water between water seasons (Z=−3.847, P<0.05; Z=2.464, P=0.014; Z=−3.129, P=0.002; Z=4.341, P<0.05; Z=4.342, P<0.05). Only fluoride concentration was found statistically different among different water sample types (Z=−2.287, P=0.022). The non-carcinogenic risks of ingestion and dermal exposure to each chemical in drinking water by water seasons and water sample types were all less than 1, but the P₉₅ total non-carcinogenic risks of oral exposure were greater than 1. The P₉₅ carcinogenic risks of oral exposure to some chemicals in drinking water by water seasons and water sample types were>10⁻⁴, which suggested carcinogenic risks, while the carcinogenic risks of dermal explore to chemicals were all less than 10⁻⁶. Conclusion In 2021, urban drinking water in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region is generally safe, but arsenic, cadmium, chromium (hexavalent), lead, mercury, and fluoride still exceed the national limits, posing certain health risks.

Objective:To retrieve, appraise and integrate the best evidence of exercise rehabilitation in adult aplastic anemia patients after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, so as to provide a reference for developing exercise rehabilitation program.Methods:All the evidences of exercise rehabilitation for aplastic anemia patients after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation were searched from the computer decision support systems, guideline websites, association official websites and databases, including guidelines, systematic reviews, evidence summaries, best practice, recommended practice, expert consensuses and randomized controlled trials. The retrieval period was from January 2010 to July 2021. Australian JBI Evidence Based Health Care Centre Evidence Grading and Evidence Recommendation Grading System was used to evaluate literature quality and evidence rating.Results:A total of 14 articles were included, and 35 evidences were summarized from 8 aspects, including exercise effectiveness, exercise principles, exercise evaluation, exercise methods, exercise intensity, exercise time, exercise site and notes.Conclusions:The summary of the best evidence for exercise rehabilitation in adult aplastic anemia patients after hematopoietic stem cell can provide a reference for clinical nursing practice. Medical and nursing staff should provide exercise guidance for patients according to the clinical practice and their own condition.

Objective:To provide a reference and basis for developing more targeted and effective intervention measures for the mental health of officers and soldiers stationed on islands and reefs in a certain sea area of China.Methods:Based on the previous studies，the research group conducted a cross-sectional survey on the mental health and sleep status of the officers and soldiers of different specialties stationed on islands and reefs in a certain sea area，and evaluated the mental health and sleep status of officers and soldiers of different specialties stationed on islands and reefs for the first time.Results:Among the officers and soldiers in the survey，106 were with suboptimal mental health status，accounting for 23.77% of all objects of study. Among them，there were 42（29.37%）in the ground unit group，41（20.92%）in the aviation unit group，18（30.51%）in the observation unit group，and 5（10.42%）in the electronics unit group. There were statistically significant differences among the 4 groups（ P=0.023）. The total average SCL-90 scores of the ground unit group，the aviation unit group，the observation unit group，and the electronics unit group were 1.35，1.25，1.36，and 1.20，respectively. The total scores of SCL-90 were 121.10，112.73，122.02，and 108.17，respectively. Among the officers and soldiers in the 4 groups，there were statistically significant differences in the factors and in total scores of SCL-90，i.e.，somatization，obsessive-compulsive symptoms，interpersonal sensitivity，depression，anxiety，paranoia，sleep，and diet（ P < 0.05）. After adjusting for other factors，the results of pairwise comparison showed the aviation unit group was superior to the ground unit group. The average PSQI scores of the ground unit group，the aviation unit group，the observation unit group，and the electronics unit group were 9.1，7.5，8.5，and 5.5，respectively. There were statistically significant differences in sleep quality score，sleep time score，sleep efficiency score，hypnotic drugs score，daytime function score，and in the PSQI total scores among the 4 groups（ P<0.05）. Conclusion:The officers and soldiers in the ground unit and observation unit stationed on islands and reefs in a certain sea area of China have a relatively poor mental health and sleep status. The length of time on the islands and reefs affects mental health and sleep. A more scientific regular rotation scheme should be developed.

Objective:To provide a reference and basis for developing more targeted and effective intervention measures for the mental health of officers and soldiers stationed on islands and reefs in a certain sea area of China.Methods:Based on the previous studies，the research group conducted a cross-sectional survey on the mental health and sleep status of the officers and soldiers of different specialties stationed on islands and reefs in a certain sea area，and evaluated the mental health and sleep status of officers and soldiers of different specialties stationed on islands and reefs for the first time.Results:Among the officers and soldiers in the survey，106 were with suboptimal mental health status，accounting for 23.77% of all objects of study. Among them，there were 42（29.37%）in the ground unit group，41（20.92%）in the aviation unit group，18（30.51%）in the observation unit group，and 5（10.42%）in the electronics unit group. There were statistically significant differences among the 4 groups（ P=0.023）. The total average SCL-90 scores of the ground unit group，the aviation unit group，the observation unit group，and the electronics unit group were 1.35，1.25，1.36，and 1.20，respectively. The total scores of SCL-90 were 121.10，112.73，122.02，and 108.17，respectively. Among the officers and soldiers in the 4 groups，there were statistically significant differences in the factors and in total scores of SCL-90，i.e.，somatization，obsessive-compulsive symptoms，interpersonal sensitivity，depression，anxiety，paranoia，sleep，and diet（ P < 0.05）. After adjusting for other factors，the results of pairwise comparison showed the aviation unit group was superior to the ground unit group. The average PSQI scores of the ground unit group，the aviation unit group，the observation unit group，and the electronics unit group were 9.1，7.5，8.5，and 5.5，respectively. There were statistically significant differences in sleep quality score，sleep time score，sleep efficiency score，hypnotic drugs score，daytime function score，and in the PSQI total scores among the 4 groups（ P<0.05）. Conclusion:The officers and soldiers in the ground unit and observation unit stationed on islands and reefs in a certain sea area of China have a relatively poor mental health and sleep status. The length of time on the islands and reefs affects mental health and sleep. A more scientific regular rotation scheme should be developed.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the genetic basis for a Chinese pedigree affected with mental retardation. METHODS: G-banded karyotyping analysis and single nucleotide polymorphism microarray (SNP array) were used to detect the genetic variants within the family, and the origin of the variants was analyzed using UPDtool Statistics software. RESULTS: The patient, a 26-year-old female, was found to have a chromosomal karyotype of 46,XX,dup(4)(q28.2q31.3),and SNP array revealed a 25.71 Mb duplication at 4q28.2-q31.3. The duplication was inherited from her father, and her fetus was found to carry the same duplication. CONCLUSION The duplication of the patient probably underlay the mental retardation. The gender of the carrier and parental origin of the duplication might have led to the variation in their clinical phenotype.
Adult ; Chromosome Banding ; Female ; Genetic Testing ; Humans ; Karyotyping ; Male ; Pedigree ; Trisomy/genetics*

LncRNA H19 encoded by the H19 imprinting gene plays an important regulatory role in the cell. Recently study has found that in hypoxic cells, the expression of H19 gene changes, and the transcription factors and protein involved in the expression change accordingly. Through the involvement of specific protein 1 (SP1), hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) binds directly to the H19 promoter and induces the up-regulation of H19 expression under hypoxic conditions. The tumor suppressor protein p53 may also mediate the expression of the H19 gene, in part by interfering with HIF-la activity under hypoxia stress. The miR675-5p encoded by exon 1 of H19 promotes hypoxia response by driving the nuclear accumulation of HIF-1α and reducing the expression of VHL gene, which is a physiological HIF-1α inhibitor. In addition, under the condition of hypoxia, the expression of transporter on cell membrane changes, and the transition of the intracellular glucose metabolism pathway from aerobic oxidation to anaerobic glycolysis is also involved in the involvement of H19. Therefore, H19 may be a key gene that maintains intracellular balance under hypoxic conditions and drives adaptive cell survival under conditions of hypoxia stress.
Cell Hypoxia ; genetics ; Genes, Tumor Suppressor ; physiology ; Humans ; Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit ; genetics ; RNA, Long Noncoding ; Up-Regulation ; physiology ; Von Hippel-Lindau Tumor Suppressor Protein ; genetics