Community- and home-based integrated elderly care and medical services represents the development direction of the integrated elderly care and medical services model. Achieving balanced development of both service supply and demand， and enhancing the overall governance effectiveness of services， are essential for the aging society governance. Taking XJ comprehensive elderly care service center in J district， N city as an example， this paper found the main reasons for the service supply-demand contradiction in urban community- and home-based integrated elderly care and medical services by adopting case studies and in-depth interview methods， including insufficient social awareness of the services and low scientific level of policies； low trust of service demanders and insufficient willingness to pay autonomously； and insufficient initiative of service providers and prominent administrative governance characteristics. Through the deduction of emotional governance theory， it was believed that under the consensus of high collaboration and synergy between the government and all sectors of society， emotional interaction among multiple participating subjects can be strengthened by the organic combination of the three levels of spiritual governance， emotional governance， and emotional labor， so as to build an efficient emotional governance system of community- and home-based integrated elderly care and medical services.

ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of Congrong Zonggan capsules （CRZG） on cognitive impairment in the Alzheimer's disease （AD） model of mice and its related mechanisms. MethodsSPF grade 4-week-old 5×FAD mice were divided into a model group， low-dose CRZG （0.819 g·kg^-1） and high-dose CRZG （1.638 g·kg^-1） groups， and Donepezilepezil hydrochloride group （2 mg·kg^-1）， with eight mice in each group. Eight C57 mice with the same background were set as the normal group. After one week of adaptive feeding， mice were orally administered continuously for six months. On the 5th month of drug administration， Y maze， new object recognition， and Morris water maze tests were conducted separately. After administration， mouse brain tissue was taken， and the levels of tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α） and interleukin-6 （IL-6） in brain tissue were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）. Immunofluorescence （IF） was used to detect the expression of small glial cell markers Iba1， astrocyte markers GFAP， and amyloid protein 1-42 （Aβ_1-42） in the hippocampus of the brain tissue. The hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining was used to detect pathological changes in the hippocampus of brain tissue. Western blot was used to detect the expression of nuclear factor-κB （NF-κB） p65， NOD-like receptor protein 3 （NLRP3）， cleaved Caspase-1， apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD （ASC）， and other proteins in the brain tissue. ResultsCompared with those in the normal group， the mice in the model group had obvious cognitive impairment. The spontaneous alternation rate of the Y maze was decreased， and the discrimination index of novel object recognition was decreased significantly （P<0.01）. The escape latency in the water maze was shortened significantly （P<0.01）. The contents of IL-6 and TNF-α in brain tissue were increased. The fluorescence levels of Iba1 and Aβ_1-42 in the hippocampus were significantly increased （P<0.01）. There was a significant increase in neuronal lesions， neuronal atrophy， loose arrangement of tissue structure， and abnormal erythrocyte aggregation in the hippocampus. The protein expressions of p-NF-κB p65/NF-κB p65， cleaved Caspase-1， ASC， IL-6， and IL-1β were significantly increased （P<0.05， P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， the spontaneous alternation rate and discrimination index of the high-dose CRZG group were increased significantly （P<0.01）， and the escape latency was shortened significantly （P<0.05， P<0.01）. The content of IL-6 decreased in the brain， and that of TNF-α dropped significantly （P<0.01）. The expression of Iba1 protein and Aβ_1-42 in the hippocampus decreased significantly （P<0.05， P<0.01）. The hippocampal neurons were densely arranged， and the pyramidal nuclei were clear and centered. The abnormal aggregation of red blood cells was alleviated. The value of p-NF-κB/NF-κB proteins and the expression of ASC， cleaved Caspase-1， IL-6， and IL-1β were significantly decreased （P<0.05， P<0.01）. ConclusionCRZG can effectively improve cognitive impairment in 5×FAD mice with Alzheimer's disease， and its mechanism may be related to the regulation of the NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway to reduce the abnormal activation of microglia and inhibit neuroinflammation.

The relationship between gut microbiota and depressive disorder has become a research focus in recent years. Within the microbiota-gut-brain axis, the gut microbiota influences the onset and progression of depressive disorder primarily through the tryptophan metabolic pathway. Tryptophan, an essential amino acid in humans, is subject to dual regulation by intestinal microorganisms, which modulate its metabolic balance via inflammatory stimulation and microbial metabolite production. In depression, excessive activation of the kynurenine branch of tryptophan metabolism leads to the accumulation of proinflammatory and neurotoxic metabolites, thereby exacerbating neuroinflammation in the brain. Intervention studies indicate that the antidepressant-like effects of probiotics and traditional Chinese medicine are associated with remodeling of the gut microbiota, restoration of tryptophan metabolic balance, and alleviation of neuroinflammation. Furthermore, targeted inhibition of kynurenine 3-monooxygenase can mitigate neuroinflammation by regulating microglial activity, thus improving depressive-like behaviors. In summary, the metabolite-inflammation axis represents a central node in the interaction regulation between tryptophan metabolism and the microbiota-gut-brain axis. This provides a theoretical foundation for developing novel therapeutic strategies targeting depression through modulation of gut microbiota-mediated tryptophan metabolism.
Tryptophan/metabolism* ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome/physiology* ; Humans ; Depressive Disorder/microbiology* ; Probiotics/therapeutic use* ; Brain/metabolism* ; Kynurenine/metabolism* ; Metabolic Networks and Pathways ; Animals ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional

Objective: To investigate whether armillariella tabescens polysaccharides (ATPS) alleviates inflamma- tory responses and tissue damage in 5-fluorouracil ( 5-FU ) -induced chemotherapy-induced intestinal mucositis ( CIM) by inhibiting the TLR4 /MyD88 /NF-κB signaling pathway． Methods: Thirty 8-weeks-old male C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into five groups ( n = 6 per group) : control group，model group ，and ATPS-treated groups (low，medium，high dose : 100，200，400 mg / kg) ．Body weight changes were recorded ; Disease activity in- dex (DAI) scores were evaluated ; small intestinal length and histopathology were measured ; HE staining and his- topathological scoring were performed ; immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of tight junction pro- teins (ZO-1，Occludin) in the small intestine ; serum levels of inflammatory cytokines interleukin-6 ( IL-6 ) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit ; Western blot was employed to quantify ZO-1，Occludin，and TLR4 /MyD88 /NF-κB pathway-related protein TLR4，MyD88，NF-κB p65，IκBα , p-NF-κB p65，p-IκBα protein expression． Results : Compared with the control group，mice in the model group exhibited significant reductions in body weight ，elevated DAI scores ，shortened small intestinal length，increased histopathological scores，marked downregulation of ZO-1 and Occludin expression，and elevated levels of inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-6．Additionally，protein expression levels of TLR4，MyD88，p-NF- κB p65，and p-IκBα were significantly upregulated ( all P ＜0. 01 ) ． In contrast ，mice in ATPS-treated groups showed dose-dependent improvements，attenuated weight loss，reduced DAI scores，restored intestinal length，de- creased histopathological scores，upregulated ZO-1 and Occludin expression，reduced TNF-α and IL-6 levels，and downregulated TLR4，MyD88，p-NF-κB p65，and p-IκBα protein expression (all P＜0. 01) ． Conclusion ATPS alleviates 5-FU-induced CIM by inhibiting the TLR4 /MyD88 /NF-κB signaling pathway．

ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of maltol aluminum exposure on miR-193a-3p, demethylase AlkB homolog 5 (ALKBH5), phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome ten (PTEN) and protein kinase B (AKT), and whether miR-193a-3p is involved in aluminum-induced cognitive impairment by regulating ALKBH5/PTEN/AKT signaling pathway. Methods Specific pathogen-free male SD rats were randomly divided into control group and low-, medium- and high- dose groups according to their body weight, with eight rats in each group. Rats in the low-, medium-, and high- dose groups were intraperitoneally injected with maltol aluminum solution at concentrations of 10.00, 20.00, and 40.00 μmol/kg body weight, respectively, while the rats in control group were given an equal volume of 0.9% sodium chloride solution. Rats were injected for five days every week for three months. After injection, the novel object recognized test was used to assess the learning and memory ability of the rats. The relative expression of miR-193a-3p and B-cell lymphocytoma-2 (Bcl-2), Bcl-2 associated X protein (Bax) and cysteine aspartate protease-3 (Caspase-3) mRNA in rat hippocampus was detected using the real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The relative protein expression of ALKBH5, PTEN, and AKT2 in the rat hippocampus was detected using Western blot. Results The discrimination index and the preference index of the new object recognition test of the rats in high-dose group were lower than those in control group and low-dose group (all P<0.05). The relative expression of miR-193a-3p and Bcl-2 mRNA in the hippocampus of the rats in high-dose group was lower than those in control group and low-dose group (all P<0.05). The relative mRNA expression of Bax in the high-dose group was higher than those in the control group and low-dose group (both P<0.05). The relative mRNA expression of Caspase-3 of the rats in the high-dose group was higher than that in the other three groups (both P<0.05). The relative protein expression of ALKBH5 in the hippocampus of the rats in the high-dose group was lower than that in the control group (P<0.05). The relative expression of PTEN protein was higher than those in the control group and low-dose group (both P<0.05). The relative protein expression of AKT2 was lower than those in the control group and low-dose group (both P<0.05). Conclusion Sub-chronic aluminum exposure can inhibit the expression of miR-193a-3p in the hippocampus of rats, which may disrupt the ALKBH5/PTEN/AKT pathway and affect normal neuronal homeostasis and cellular function. This pathway may play an important role in aluminum-induced cognitive impairment.

The corneal epithelium, an essential refractive interface, plays an integral role in the corneal healing after corneal refractive surgery. All existing corneal refractive surgeries entail a degree of corneal epithelial remodeling; however, excessive epithelial remodeling precipitates adverse outcomes on the refractive correction efficacy of such surgeries. This review summarizes the application of corneal epithelial remodeling in the corneal refractive surgery, and more comprehensively investigates the influencing factors of perioperative epithelial remodeling after corneal refractive surgery, with a view to augmenting the safety, efficacy, predictability, and stability of corneal refractive surgical outcomes.

Pure-tone audiometry can be performed to evaluate the type and degree of hearing loss， whose results can be divided into four types including low-frequency descending， high-frequency descending， flat descending and total deafness. The low-frequency descending type of sudden hearing loss （SHL） is more likely to be spleen deficiency and dampness exuberance， the high-frequency descending type is often due to yin deficiency of liver and kidney， the flat descending type is commonly associated with qi and blood depletion， and the type of total deafness is often linked to blood stasis. Our team has further developed a comprehensive diagnostic and therapeutic approach for SHL， emphasizing "the integration of disease and syndrome， the combination of acupuncture and herbal medicine， and dynamically administering treatment". Firstly， it advocates integrating disease diagnosis with syndrome differentiation. Secondly， it recommends combining acupuncture and herbal medicine， with local acupoints such as Ermen （TE 21）， Tinggong （SI 19）， Tinghui （GB 2）， and Yifeng （TE 17） used to unblock the auditory orifice， and herbal prescriptions tailored to the hearing curve patterns. For the low-frequency descending type， it is recommended to fortify the spleen and percolate dampness by taking distal points of spleen channel and stomach channel and using Shenling Baizhu Powder （参苓白术散）. For the high-frequency descending type， the method of nourishing kidney and calming liver is recommended， using distal points of kidney and liver channels and taking Erlong Zuoci Pills （耳聋左慈丸）. Regarding the flat descending type， tonifying qi and nourishing blood is advised， for which acupoints of Conception Vessel， spleen， stomach and large intestine channels can be needled， and Yiqi Congming Decoction （益气聪明汤） can be administered. For the total deafness type， it is recommended to activate blood and dissipate stasis， often with Xuehai （SP 10） and Geshu （BL 17） needled and Tongqiao Huoxue Decoction （通窍活血汤） administered. All these are conducted to treat the root and branch simultaneously. At the same time， it emphasizes the need to consider complex syndrome presentations and disease progression， dynamically analyze the disease causes and mechanisms， and adjust treatment according to the changing syndromes. In conclusion， this article is expected to inspire clinical diagnosis and treatment of SHL.

【Objective】 To explore the learning curve of single-surgeon robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (RARP), which provides a reference for physicians who intend to carry out RARP. 【Methods】 The clinical data of 65 prostate cancer patients who underwent RARP in our hospital during Sep.2022 and Dec.2023 were retrospectively analyzed.The patients’ median age was 67.5(58.1-82.4) years, median total prostate-specific antigen (PSA) was 15.6 (6.7-98.4) ng/mL, median body mass index (BMI) was 20.8(17.4-27.3) and preoperative clinical stage of tumor was T2aN0M0-T3bN1M0.The cumulative sum (CUSUM) method was used to fit the learning curves of machine installation time and operation time.According to the inflection points, the learning curves were divided into different learning stages, and the clinical data of patients at different learning stages were compared. 【Results】 The learning curve of RARP was 12 cases.The 65 cases were divided into three stages: 1st-12th cases in the learning stage, 13rd-43rd cases in the mastery stage, and 44th-65th cases in the proficiency stage.With the increase of the number of surgical cases, the median operation time [191(100-360) min vs. 116(83-165) min vs. 90(75-105) min] and median intraoperative blood loss [403(180-900) mL vs. 236(180-305) mL vs. 94(30-200) mL] in the three stages showed a gradual downward trend (P<0.05).The median machines installation time of the learning stage was significantly longer than that in the mastery stage and the proficiency stage [25(21-28) min vs. 12(11-15) min vs. 12(11-14) min] (P<0.05).The positive surgical marginrate (PSM) in the learning stage was significantly higher than that in the mastery stage and proficiency stage (41.7% vs.22.6% vs.22.7%) (P<0.05). 【Conclusion】 For surgeons with rich experience in traditional laparoscopic surgery, the learning curve of RARP is about 12 cases, and after 43 cases, the operation time and intraoperative blood loss can be further reduced.

Exposure to ionizing radiation intervenes in genomic stability and gene expression,resulting in the disruption of normal metabolic processes in cells and organs by causing complex biolog-ical responses.Altered genomic variations,gene expression and metabolite concentrations in blood or tissue samples reflect systemic radiation damage.With the application of new techniques and exten-sive study on the mechanisms for ionizing radiation damage,related indicators such as chromosomal variation,gene expression,lipid and metabolism are being recognized and promise to be the markers for early diagnosis and prognosis of radiation exposure.Therefore,this article reviews recent progress in and potential applications of biomarkers related to ionizing radiation injury.

BACKGROUND:Diabetic foot patients with wound infections constitute a large patient population,and there is currently no satisfactory treatment approach. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the clinical efficacy of a modified tibial cortex transverse transport combined with antibiotic-loaded bone cement for treating refractory diabetic foot ulcers. METHODS:A total of 46 diabetic foot ulcers patients,27 males and 19 females,with an average age of 64.37 years,were selected from Beijing Chaoyang Hospital,Capital Medical University and Beijing Chaoyang Integrative Medicine Rescue and First Aid Hospital from January 2020 to January 2023.All of them underwent the modified tibial cortex transverse transport combined with antibiotic-loaded bone cement treatment.Ankle-brachial index,WIFi(Wound/Ischemia/Foot infection)classification,pain visual analog scale score,and ulcer area were recorded before and 3 months after surgery. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)The mean ulcer healing time for the 46 patients was(58.07±24.82)days.At 3 months postoperatively,there were significant improvements in ankle-brachial index,pain visual analog scale score,ulcer area,and WIFi classification in 46 patients,as compared to the preoperative values,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).Two patients experienced pin-tract infections,without infection or ulcer recurrence during the follow-up period.(2)These findings indicate that the modified tibial cortex transverse transport combined with antibiotic-loaded bone cement effectively alleviates patients'pain,improves lower limb circulation,controls infections,and promotes ulcer healing.