Objective To understand the status of body image disturbance and its influencing factors in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS), so as to provide a scientific basis for the clinical management of AS. Methods A total of 353 AS patients admitted from January 2022 to December 2024 were selected as research subjects. Chinese version of Body Image Disturbance Questionnaire (BIDQ) was used to investigate the body image disturbance in AS patients. Single factor analysis was performed by t test and analysis of variance, and multiple factors were analyzed by multivariate linear regression. Results The total score of BIDQ in 342 AS patients was (25.01±4.22). Multivariate linear regression analysis results showed that self-paid medical expense, nighttime VAS score and negative emotion PANAS score could positively predict body image disturbance in AS patients (standardized regression coefficient=0.413, 0.413, 0.460, P<0.05), and PSSS score, positive emotion PANAS score and exercise management CDSSM score could negatively predict body image disturbance (standardized regression coefficient=-0.245, -0.134, -0.247, P<0.05). Conclusion The body image disturbance in AS patients is worthy of clinical attention. Nighttime pain, negative emotion and self-paid medical treatment can increase the risk of body image disturbance. Positive emotion, social support and high self-management level of exercise behavior can reduce the formation of body image disturbance, which can provide new ideas for clinical management of AS patients.

Objective To investigate the differences in clinical characteristics,surgical outcomes,and prognosis between sporadic intracranial hemangioblastoma(IC-HB)and von Hippel-Lindau(VHL)syndrome-associated IC-HB.Methods A retrospective consecutive series of patients who underwent microsurgical resection at the Department of Neurosurgery,Xuanwu Hospital,Capital Medical University,between April 2014 and January 2024,with postoperative pathological confirmation of IC-HB,was included.Clinical and imaging data were collected,including demographics(sex,age),preoperative clinical manifestations(asymptomatic,headache,dizziness,vertigo or imbalance,blurred vision or papilledema,nausea or vomiting,other symptoms),number of symptoms,lesion type(solid or solid-cystic),lesion size(volume,longest diameter,anteroposterior diameter,superoinferior diameter,transverse diameter),lesion location(cerebellar region:hemisphere,vermis;brainstem region:medulla oblongata,fourth ventricle;skull base region:cerebellopontine angle,jugular foramen,petroclival region),Karnofsky performance status(KPS)score(preoperative,postoperative;KPS score＞70 and 70),surgical information,and follow-up data.Based on past medical history,family history,and VHL gene test results,patients were classified into sporadic IC-HB and VHL syndrome-associated IC-HB groups.Differences in clinical characteristics,surgical outcomes,and follow-up status were compared between the groups.Improved outcomes were defined as increases in KPS scores over 0 at 6-month follow-ups in comparison with preoperative KPS,while non-improved outcomes were defined by unchanged or decreased(＞0 point)KPS scores.Survival outcomes,including postoperative recurrence(newly occurring abnormally enhancing nodules at the surgical site or periphery with continuous development during follow-ups.Recurrence could be verified through the combination of imaging enhancement features,clinical manifestations and post-operative pathological examinations),postoperative KPS improvement,and death of any cause during follow-up.The outcomes of postoperative KPS improvement versus non-improvement(unchanged or worsened)were analyzed through univariate analysis with the Firth penalized maximum likelihood Logistic regression model.Variables meeting the criteria(P＜0.05 in univariate analysis,clinical importance,statistical model feasibility)were included in a multivariate Logistic regression model to identify independent factors influencing functional outcomes.Survival outcomes were analyzed using Cox proportional hazards regression models.Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was used to assess recurrence-free survival rates between groups with the Log-rank test.Furthermore,univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analyses were performed separately for the sporadic IC-HB and VHL syndrome-associated IC-HB subgroups to explore independent factors for postoperative KPS improvement.Results A total of 82 IC-HB patients(41 male,41 female),aged 11-73 years(mean[42±15]years),were included.Among which,68 had sporadic IC-HB and 14 had VHL syndrome-associated IC-HB.39 patients had improved postoperative KPS and 43 patients showed no improvements in KPS scores.(1)For clinical characteristics,the age of onset was younger in the VHL syndrome-associated IC-HB group([35±14]years vs.[44±15]years,P=0.044).Lesions in VHL syndrome-associated IC-HB patients were more likely to involve the brainstem and adjacent critical structures(8/14 of which involved medulla oblongata),while sporadic IC-HB was more common in the cerebellar hemispheres(70.6％[48/68]).The distribution of lesion location across cerebellar,skull base,and brainstem regions differed significantly between groups(P=0.015),while other characteristics showed no significant differences(all P＞0.05).(2)For treatment and follow-ups,all patients underwent gross total microsurgical resection.Preoperative angiography via femoral artery was performed in 22 patients,with partial preoperative embolization in 4 patients.Postoperatively,KPS improved in 39 patients,remained unchanged in 33 patients,and worsened in 10 patients.The change in KPS scores pre-to post-operatively did not differ significantly between groups(P=0.707).The recurrence rate was higher in the VHL syndrome-associated IC-HB group(4/14 vs.5.9％[4/68],P=0.026),but there was no significant difference in mortality(P=0.999).(3)For analysis of factors influencing postoperative KPS improvement,univariate Logistic regression showed preoperative asymptomatic(OR,0.05,95％CI0.00-0.39,P=0.002),preoperative dizziness(OR,2.62,95％CI 1.09-6.47,P=0.031),vertigo/imbalance(OR,3.60,95％CI 1.04-15.45,P=0.043),nausea/vomiting(OR,4.49,95％CI 1.65-13.53,P=0.003),preoperative symptoms(OR,2.27,95％CI 1.46-3.86,P＜0.01)and preoperative KPS ≤70(OR,7.65,95％CI 1.60-74.47,P=0.009)were strongly associated with KPS improvement.Multivariate Logistic regression only identified the number of preoperative symptoms as an independent predictor of postoperative KPS improvement(OR,2.44,95％CI 1.04-6.32,P=0.049).(4)For survival outcome analysis,no significant differences in the risk of postoperative recurrence,KPS improvement,or death were observed between the VHL syndrome-associated and sporadic IC-HB patients(recurrence:HR,4.88,95％CI 0.97-24.69,P=0.055;KPS improvement:HR,0.60,95％CI 0.25-1.43,P=0.246;mortality:P=0.999).Kaplan-Meier curves showed no statistically significant difference in recurrence-free survival rate between groups(P=0.053).(5)In the subgroup analysis,in sporadic IC-HB patients,multivariate Logistic regression identified the number of preoperative symptoms as an independent predictor of postoperative KPS improvement(OR,1.97,95％CI 1.14-3.68,P=0.021).Due to the small sample size,reliable parameter estimation was not possible for the VHL syndrome-associated IC-HB subgroup due to the small sample size.Conclusions VHL syndrome-associated IC-HB patients have a higher risk of recurrence in comparison with sporadic IC-HB patients.The number of preoperative symptoms can guide survival ending assessment.

In recent years,chemical imaging technology has found increasingly broad applications in pharmaceuti-cal analysis,encompassing component distribution analysis,assessment of mixing uniformity,content uniformity e-valuation,polymorphism identification,and studies of drug delivery mechanisms.Chemical imaging has been pro-gressively recognized as an efficient tool for real-time quality control and online analysis.This article provides an o-verview of the chemical imaging guidelines in the Chinese,United States,European pharmacopoeias.The discus-sion aims to promote the application of multi-information fusion technologies in pharmaceutical analysis,enhance regulatory efficiency,and further advance the high-quality development of the pharmaceutical industry in China.

Objective To investigate the differences in clinical characteristics,surgical outcomes,and prognosis between sporadic intracranial hemangioblastoma(IC-HB)and von Hippel-Lindau(VHL)syndrome-associated IC-HB.Methods A retrospective consecutive series of patients who underwent microsurgical resection at the Department of Neurosurgery,Xuanwu Hospital,Capital Medical University,between April 2014 and January 2024,with postoperative pathological confirmation of IC-HB,was included.Clinical and imaging data were collected,including demographics(sex,age),preoperative clinical manifestations(asymptomatic,headache,dizziness,vertigo or imbalance,blurred vision or papilledema,nausea or vomiting,other symptoms),number of symptoms,lesion type(solid or solid-cystic),lesion size(volume,longest diameter,anteroposterior diameter,superoinferior diameter,transverse diameter),lesion location(cerebellar region:hemisphere,vermis;brainstem region:medulla oblongata,fourth ventricle;skull base region:cerebellopontine angle,jugular foramen,petroclival region),Karnofsky performance status(KPS)score(preoperative,postoperative;KPS score＞70 and 70),surgical information,and follow-up data.Based on past medical history,family history,and VHL gene test results,patients were classified into sporadic IC-HB and VHL syndrome-associated IC-HB groups.Differences in clinical characteristics,surgical outcomes,and follow-up status were compared between the groups.Improved outcomes were defined as increases in KPS scores over 0 at 6-month follow-ups in comparison with preoperative KPS,while non-improved outcomes were defined by unchanged or decreased(＞0 point)KPS scores.Survival outcomes,including postoperative recurrence(newly occurring abnormally enhancing nodules at the surgical site or periphery with continuous development during follow-ups.Recurrence could be verified through the combination of imaging enhancement features,clinical manifestations and post-operative pathological examinations),postoperative KPS improvement,and death of any cause during follow-up.The outcomes of postoperative KPS improvement versus non-improvement(unchanged or worsened)were analyzed through univariate analysis with the Firth penalized maximum likelihood Logistic regression model.Variables meeting the criteria(P＜0.05 in univariate analysis,clinical importance,statistical model feasibility)were included in a multivariate Logistic regression model to identify independent factors influencing functional outcomes.Survival outcomes were analyzed using Cox proportional hazards regression models.Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was used to assess recurrence-free survival rates between groups with the Log-rank test.Furthermore,univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analyses were performed separately for the sporadic IC-HB and VHL syndrome-associated IC-HB subgroups to explore independent factors for postoperative KPS improvement.Results A total of 82 IC-HB patients(41 male,41 female),aged 11-73 years(mean[42±15]years),were included.Among which,68 had sporadic IC-HB and 14 had VHL syndrome-associated IC-HB.39 patients had improved postoperative KPS and 43 patients showed no improvements in KPS scores.(1)For clinical characteristics,the age of onset was younger in the VHL syndrome-associated IC-HB group([35±14]years vs.[44±15]years,P=0.044).Lesions in VHL syndrome-associated IC-HB patients were more likely to involve the brainstem and adjacent critical structures(8/14 of which involved medulla oblongata),while sporadic IC-HB was more common in the cerebellar hemispheres(70.6％[48/68]).The distribution of lesion location across cerebellar,skull base,and brainstem regions differed significantly between groups(P=0.015),while other characteristics showed no significant differences(all P＞0.05).(2)For treatment and follow-ups,all patients underwent gross total microsurgical resection.Preoperative angiography via femoral artery was performed in 22 patients,with partial preoperative embolization in 4 patients.Postoperatively,KPS improved in 39 patients,remained unchanged in 33 patients,and worsened in 10 patients.The change in KPS scores pre-to post-operatively did not differ significantly between groups(P=0.707).The recurrence rate was higher in the VHL syndrome-associated IC-HB group(4/14 vs.5.9％[4/68],P=0.026),but there was no significant difference in mortality(P=0.999).(3)For analysis of factors influencing postoperative KPS improvement,univariate Logistic regression showed preoperative asymptomatic(OR,0.05,95％CI0.00-0.39,P=0.002),preoperative dizziness(OR,2.62,95％CI 1.09-6.47,P=0.031),vertigo/imbalance(OR,3.60,95％CI 1.04-15.45,P=0.043),nausea/vomiting(OR,4.49,95％CI 1.65-13.53,P=0.003),preoperative symptoms(OR,2.27,95％CI 1.46-3.86,P＜0.01)and preoperative KPS ≤70(OR,7.65,95％CI 1.60-74.47,P=0.009)were strongly associated with KPS improvement.Multivariate Logistic regression only identified the number of preoperative symptoms as an independent predictor of postoperative KPS improvement(OR,2.44,95％CI 1.04-6.32,P=0.049).(4)For survival outcome analysis,no significant differences in the risk of postoperative recurrence,KPS improvement,or death were observed between the VHL syndrome-associated and sporadic IC-HB patients(recurrence:HR,4.88,95％CI 0.97-24.69,P=0.055;KPS improvement:HR,0.60,95％CI 0.25-1.43,P=0.246;mortality:P=0.999).Kaplan-Meier curves showed no statistically significant difference in recurrence-free survival rate between groups(P=0.053).(5)In the subgroup analysis,in sporadic IC-HB patients,multivariate Logistic regression identified the number of preoperative symptoms as an independent predictor of postoperative KPS improvement(OR,1.97,95％CI 1.14-3.68,P=0.021).Due to the small sample size,reliable parameter estimation was not possible for the VHL syndrome-associated IC-HB subgroup due to the small sample size.Conclusions VHL syndrome-associated IC-HB patients have a higher risk of recurrence in comparison with sporadic IC-HB patients.The number of preoperative symptoms can guide survival ending assessment.

In recent years,chemical imaging technology has found increasingly broad applications in pharmaceuti-cal analysis,encompassing component distribution analysis,assessment of mixing uniformity,content uniformity e-valuation,polymorphism identification,and studies of drug delivery mechanisms.Chemical imaging has been pro-gressively recognized as an efficient tool for real-time quality control and online analysis.This article provides an o-verview of the chemical imaging guidelines in the Chinese,United States,European pharmacopoeias.The discus-sion aims to promote the application of multi-information fusion technologies in pharmaceutical analysis,enhance regulatory efficiency,and further advance the high-quality development of the pharmaceutical industry in China.

Objective To investigate the association between brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity(baPWV)and left ventricular structure and function.Methods A total of 4864 participants who completed baPWV and transthoracic echocardiography from January 2010 to December 2021 were included.The participants were divided into three groups based on baPWV:Group T1:baPWV＜14m/s;Group T2:14m/s≤baPWV＜18m/s;Group T3:baPWV ≥18m/s.Multivariable Logistic regression and linear regression was used to examine the correlation between baPWV and interventricular septal thickness(IVS),left ventricular posterior wall thickness(LVPW),left ventricular end diastolic diameter(LVEDd),left ventricular mass index(LVMI),left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF),and the presence of mitral e'/a'＜1.Results Increased baPWV was significantly associated with thickening of IVS(β=0.095,95％CI:0.007-0.182),thickening of LVPW(β=0.145,95％CI:0.056-0.233),and mitral e'/a'＜1(OR=2.200,95％CI:1.608-3.010)(P＜0.05).It was negatively correlated with LVEDd(β=-0.048,95％CI:-0.075--0.021)and showed no significant associa-tion with LVMI and LVEF(P＞0.05).Stratified analysis indicated that systolic blood pressure and baPWV had an interaction effect on LVEDd and mitral e'/a'＜1(P＜0.05).Conclusion BaPWV is associated with left ventricular remodeling and diastolic function.The correlation between baPWV and LVPW and LVEDd is stronger in groups with normal systolic blood pressure.In contrast,the correlation with mitral e'/a'＜1 is more prominent in groups with elevated systolic blood pressure.

Objective To investigate the association between brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity(baPWV)and left ventricular structure and function.Methods A total of 4864 participants who completed baPWV and transthoracic echocardiography from January 2010 to December 2021 were included.The participants were divided into three groups based on baPWV:Group T1:baPWV＜14m/s;Group T2:14m/s≤baPWV＜18m/s;Group T3:baPWV ≥18m/s.Multivariable Logistic regression and linear regression was used to examine the correlation between baPWV and interventricular septal thickness(IVS),left ventricular posterior wall thickness(LVPW),left ventricular end diastolic diameter(LVEDd),left ventricular mass index(LVMI),left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF),and the presence of mitral e'/a'＜1.Results Increased baPWV was significantly associated with thickening of IVS(β=0.095,95％CI:0.007-0.182),thickening of LVPW(β=0.145,95％CI:0.056-0.233),and mitral e'/a'＜1(OR=2.200,95％CI:1.608-3.010)(P＜0.05).It was negatively correlated with LVEDd(β=-0.048,95％CI:-0.075--0.021)and showed no significant associa-tion with LVMI and LVEF(P＞0.05).Stratified analysis indicated that systolic blood pressure and baPWV had an interaction effect on LVEDd and mitral e'/a'＜1(P＜0.05).Conclusion BaPWV is associated with left ventricular remodeling and diastolic function.The correlation between baPWV and LVPW and LVEDd is stronger in groups with normal systolic blood pressure.In contrast,the correlation with mitral e'/a'＜1 is more prominent in groups with elevated systolic blood pressure.

ObjectiveTo construct a group-based trajectory model (GBTM) for early medication adherence check-in, and to analyze the relationship between different trajectories and treatment outcomes in tuberculosis patients using data that were generated from smart tools for monitoring their medication adherence and check-in. MethodsFrom October 1, 2022 to September 30, 2023, a total of 163 pulmonary tuberculosis patients diagnosed in Fengxian District were selected as the study subjects. The GBTM was utilized to analyze the weekly active check-in trajectories of the subjects during the first 4 weeks and establish different trajectory groups. The χ² tests were employed to compare the differences between groups and logistic regression analysis was conducted to explore the relationship between different trajectory groups and treatment outcomes. ResultsA total of four groups were generated by GBTM analyses, of which a low level of punch card was maintained in group A, 6% of the drug users increased rapidly from a low level in group B, 17% of drug users increased gradually from a low level in group C, and 18% of drug users maintained a high level of punch card in group D. The trajectory group was divided into two groups according to homogeneity, namely the low level medication punch card group (group A) and the high level medication punch card group (group B, group C, and group D). The results of multivariate logistic regression analyses revealed that low-level medication check-in (OR=3.250, 95%CI: 1.089‒9.696), increasing age (OR=1.030, 95%CI: 1.004‒1.056), and not undergoing sputum examination at the end of the fifth month (OR=2.746, 95%CI: 1.090‒7.009) were significantly associated with poor treatment outcomes. ConclusionThe medication check-in trajectory of pulmonary tuberculosis patients within the first 4 weeks is correlated with adverse outcomes, or namely consistent low-level medication adherence check-ins are associated with poor treatment outcomes, while high-level medication adherence check-ins are associated with a lower incidence of adverse outcomes.

Depression is a widespread psychiatric disorder with complex pathogenesis and unsatisfactory therapeutic effects. As a native flavonoid, Isorhamnetin (ISO) has been deemed to exert neuroprotective effects by antioxidation and regulation of immunity. However, no reports of anti-depressed effect of ISO have yet been found. The present study was conducted to clarify the mechanism basis of anti-depressed effect of ISO utilizing behavioral, biochemical, molecular approaches in vitro and in vivo and bio-informatics analysis. The effects of ISO on depressed mice was investigated through the SPT and FST, and the lesions were examined by H&E staining. Besides, the inflammatory factor and indicator in kynurenine pathway were assessed through detection kits, and the microbiota were checked by 16sRNA. Molecular docking study was performed to investigate the target of ISO. Additionally, Western blot was used to test the activation of PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. The results indicated that ISO could enhance the sugar water preference of mice in SPT and reduce immobility time in FST. Further more, ISO suppressed peripheral and central inflammation, regulated the changes in kynurenine pathway and gut microbiota, inhibited activation of PI3K/AKT pathway, and presented good binding patterns with target proteins on PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that ISO alleviated depression-like behaviour by normalizing inflammation-induced dysregulation of the crosstalk between KP and gut microbiota disorder through regulated PI3K/AKT/NF-κB pathway.

Depression is a widespread psychiatric disorder with complex pathogenesis and unsatisfactory therapeutic effects. As a native flavonoid, Isorhamnetin (ISO) has been deemed to exert neuroprotective effects by antioxidation and regulation of immunity. However, no reports of anti-depressed effect of ISO have yet been found. The present study was conducted to clarify the mechanism basis of anti-depressed effect of ISO utilizing behavioral, biochemical, molecular approaches in vitro and in vivo and bio-informatics analysis. The effects of ISO on depressed mice was investigated through the SPT and FST, and the lesions were examined by H&E staining. Besides, the inflammatory factor and indicator in kynurenine pathway were assessed through detection kits, and the microbiota were checked by 16sRNA. Molecular docking study was performed to investigate the target of ISO. Additionally, Western blot was used to test the activation of PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. The results indicated that ISO could enhance the sugar water preference of mice in SPT and reduce immobility time in FST. Further more, ISO suppressed peripheral and central inflammation, regulated the changes in kynurenine pathway and gut microbiota, inhibited activation of PI3K/AKT pathway, and presented good binding patterns with target proteins on PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that ISO alleviated depression-like behaviour by normalizing inflammation-induced dysregulation of the crosstalk between KP and gut microbiota disorder through regulated PI3K/AKT/NF-κB pathway.