Osteoarthritis (OA) causes chronic pain that significantly impairs quality of life, with current treatments often proving insufficient and accompanied by adverse effects. Recent research has identified the dorsal root ganglion (DRG) and its resident macrophages as crucial mediators of chronic OA pain through neuroinflammation driven by macrophage polarization. We present a novel injectable thermo-sensitive hydrogel system, KAF@PLEL, designed to deliver an anti-inflammatory peptide (KAF) specifically to the DRG. This biodegradable hydrogel enables sustained KAF release, promoting the reprogramming of DRG macrophages from pro-inflammatory to anti-inflammatory phenotypes. Through comprehensive in vitro and in vivo studies, we evaluated the hydrogel's biocompatibility, effects on macrophage polarization, and therapeutic efficacy in chronic OA pain management. The system demonstrated significant capabilities in preserving macrophage mitochondrial function, suppressing neuroinflammation, alleviating chronic OA pain, reducing cartilage degradation, and improving motor function in OA rat models. The sustained-release properties of KAF@PLEL enabled prolonged therapeutic effects while minimizing systemic exposure and side effects. These findings suggest that KAF@PLEL represents a promising therapeutic approach for improving outcomes in OA patients through targeted, sustained treatment.

Objective: To explore mental health status of vocational college students and its association with physical exercise and exercise motivation, so as to provide data support for the promotion of physical exercise, exercise motivation theory and the protection of mental health among vocational college students. Methods: From June 2 to July 2, 2023, a convenience sampling method was used to select 1 763 college students from three vocational colleges in Sichuan, Chongqing, and Guizhou for the survey. Physical Activity Rating Scale (PARS-3), Motives for Physical Activities Measure-Revised (MPAM-R), Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and Flourishing Scale (FS) were used to assess physical exercise, exercise motivation, depressive symptoms and flourishing levels of vocational college students. Multiple linear regression analysis was conducted to examine the relationship between physical exercise, exercise motivation, depression as the negative indicator of mental health and flourishing as the positive indicator of mental health. Results: There were negative correlations between physical exercise, exercise motivation and their five factors with depression scores among vocational college students ( r=-0.162--0.133, P <0.01). Physical exercise, health motivation and pleasure motivation were positively correlated with flourishing and its eight factors among vocational college students ( r= 0.054 -0.099, P <0.05). Depression scores and flourishing scores varied significantly across students with different levels of physical exercise and exercise motivation ( F=11.18-15.69, 2.80-16.05, P <0.05). Multiple linear regression analysis indicated that physical exercise, health motivation, and total exercise motivation scores were negatively correlated with depressive symptoms ( β = -0.02 , -0.11, -0.35), and physical exercise, health motivation, pleasure motivation, and total exercise motivation scores were positively correlated with flourishing ( β =0.31, 0.32, 0.50, 0.30) ( P <0.05). Conclusions Physical exercise and exercise motivation are significantly associated with mental health of vocational college students. Enhancing physical exercise and increasing exercise motivation in aspects of health and pleasure can promote mental health of vocational college students.

Lipedema is a disease in which local fat deposits in the body are the main clinical manifestations. It is often characterized by a disproportionate increase in subcutaneous fat tissue in the extremities, buttocks or hip joints. It is often misdiagnosed as obesity or lymphedema in clinical practice. The pathogenesis is not clearly understood, and there is no standardized clinical treatment method. This paper elaborated on the research status of the pathogenesis of lipedema, and summarized the clinical manifestations and classification, diagnosis and differential diagnosis, treatment methods, etc., aiming to provide up-to-date perspectives of lipedema.

Osteoporosis is an emerging threat characterized by systemic damage to bone mass and microarchitecture leading to fragility fractures.Exosomes are nanosized vesicular particles secreted by cells into the extracellular compartment with biological activities similar to those of their cell of origin and play an important role in intercellular communication processes.Exosomes from multiple cell sources are involved in the regulation of bone-related cell proliferation and differentiation during bone metabolism,and have the advantages of high stability,non-immunogenicity and strong targeting ability,which make up for the shortcomings of traditional drug and stem cell therapies.Exosomes secreted from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)can promote bone regeneration and improve morphology,biomechanics and histological damage,and exosomes derived from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(BMSCs)in the mechanical microenvironment are more effective in inducing osteogenesis,significantly enhancing the osteogenic effect of BMSCs and promoting bone regeneration.Therefore,this article provides a review on the mechano-sensitivity of MSCs,mechanical responsive functionalized exosomes of MSCs,and explores their potential role in the treatment of osteoporosis.

Lipedema is a disease in which local fat deposits in the body are the main clinical manifestations. It is often characterized by a disproportionate increase in subcutaneous fat tissue in the extremities, buttocks or hip joints. It is often misdiagnosed as obesity or lymphedema in clinical practice. The pathogenesis is not clearly understood, and there is no standardized clinical treatment method. This paper elaborated on the research status of the pathogenesis of lipedema, and summarized the clinical manifestations and classification, diagnosis and differential diagnosis, treatment methods, etc., aiming to provide up-to-date perspectives of lipedema.

OBJECTIVE: To review the research progress of design of bone scaffolds with different single cell structures. METHODS: The related literature on the study of bone scaffolds with different single cell structures at home and abroad in recent years was extensively reviewed, and the research progress was summarized. RESULTS: The single cell structure of bone scaffold can be divided into regular cell structure, irregular cell structure, cell structure designed based on topology optimization theory, and cell structure designed based on triply periodic minimal surface. Different single cell structures have different structural morphology and geometric characteristics, and the selection of single cell structure directly determines the mechanical properties and biological properties of bone scaffold. It is very important to choose a reasonable cell structure for bone scaffold to replace the original bone tissue. CONCLUSION Bone scaffolds have been widely studied, but there are many kinds of bone scaffolds at present, and the optimization of single cell structure should be considered comprehensively, which is helpful to develop bone scaffolds with excellent performance and provide effective support for bone tissue.
Bone and Bones ; Tissue Scaffolds

OBJECTIVE: To summarize the influence of microstructure on performance of triply-periodic minimal surface (TPMS) bone scaffolds. METHODS: The relevant literature on the microstructure of TPMS bone scaffolds both domestically and internationally in recent years was widely reviewed, and the research progress in the imfluence of microstructure on the performance of bone scaffolds was summarized. RESULTS: The microstructure characteristics of TPMS bone scaffolds, such as pore shape, porosity, pore size, curvature, specific surface area, and tortuosity, exert a profound influence on bone scaffold performance. By finely adjusting the above parameters, it becomes feasible to substantially optimize the structural mechanical characteristics of the scaffold, thereby effectively preempting the occurrence of stress shielding phenomena. Concurrently, the manipulation of these parameters can also optimize the scaffold's biological performance, facilitating cell adhesion, proliferation, and growth, while facilitating the ingrowth and permeation of bone tissue. Ultimately, the ideal bone fusion results will obtain. CONCLUSION The microstructure significantly and substantially influences the performance of TPMS bone scaffolds. By deeply exploring the characteristics of these microstructure effects on the performance of bone scaffolds, the design of bone scaffolds can be further optimized to better match specific implantation regions.
Tissue Scaffolds/chemistry* ; Tissue Engineering/methods* ; Bone and Bones ; Porosity

The incidence rate of anxiety and depression is significantly higher in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) than in the general population. The mechanisms underlying dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced depressive-like behaviors are still unclear. We clarified that IBD mice induced by repeated administration of DSS presented depressive-like behaviors. The paraventricular thalamic nucleus (PVT) was regarded as the activated brain region by the number of c-fos-labeled neurons. RNA-sequencing analysis showed that lipocalin 2 (Lcn2) was upregulated in the PVT of mice with DSS-induced depressive behaviors. Upregulating Lcn2 from neuronal activity induced dendritic spine loss and the secreted protein induced chemokine expression and subsequently contributed to microglial activation leading to blood-brain barrier permeability. Moreover, Lcn2 silencing in the PVT alleviated the DSS-induced depressive-like behaviors. The present study demonstrated that elevated Lcn2 in the PVT is a critical factor for DSS-induced depressive behaviors.
Mice ; Humans ; Animals ; Lipocalin-2/genetics* ; Midline Thalamic Nuclei ; Brain ; Inflammatory Bowel Diseases ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos ; Mice, Inbred C57BL

Objective To analyze the influence of patients with multiple cerebral infarction complicated with vascular Parkinsonism (VaP) on cognitive function, and to provide a theoretical basis for the diagnosis and treatment of patients with multiple cerebral infarction complicated with VaP. Methods A toatl of 206 patients with multiple cerebral infarction admitted to Ningde municipal hospital of ningde normal university from January 2020 to January 2022 were selected and divided into VaP group (n=58) and control group (n=148) according to whether they were complicated with VaP. Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale (MoCA) was used to evaluate the cognitive function of patients. The scale included 8 cognitive domains including attention and concentration, executive function, memory, language, visual structure skills, abstract thinking, calculation and orientation. Pearson was used to analyze the correlation between VaP and MoCA score in patients with multiple cerebral infarction. Age, sex, years of education, white matter disease, diabetes mellitus, coronary heart disease and other vascular risk factors were compared between the two groups. The independent risk factors for VaP in multiple cerebral infarction were analyzed by multiple linear regression. Results MoCA score in VaP group was significantly lower than that in control group (P<0.05). In terms of each item, scores of attention and concentration, memory, language and computation in VaP group were significantly lower than those in control group (P<0.05). Pearson correlation analysis showed that attention and concentration, memory, language and computational scores were correlated with VaP in patients with multiple cerebral infarction (r=-0.475, -0.314 , -0.302 , -0.389, P<0.05). There were statistically significant differences between the two groups in white matter lesions, lesion sites in left hemisphere and frontal lobe, diabetes mellitus and carotid artery plaque (P<0.05).White matter lesions (OR=2.571), diabetes mellitus (OR=2.369) and lesion location in the left hemisphere (OR=2.958) were independent risk factors for VaP in patients with multiple cerebral infarction (P<0.05). Conclusion The risk of VaP in multiple cerebral infarction is high, which is related to the cognitive function of patients. Early intervention such as brain function training should be given to patients with white matter lesions, diabetes and lesions in the left hemisphere. , can significantly improve patients' cognitive function and reduce the occurrence of VaP.

As the National Health Commission changes the management of novel corona virus infection, the situation and preventive policies for controlling the epidemic have also entered a new stage in China. Perioperative care strategies for orthopedic trauma such as designated isolation and nucleic acid test screening have also been adjusted in the new stage. Based on the perioperative work experiences in the new stage of epidemic from the frontline anti-epidemic staff of orthopedics in domestic hospitals and combined with the literature and relevant evidence-based medical data in perioperative care of orthopedic trauma patients under the current anti-epidemic policies at home and abroad, Chinese Orthopedic Association and Chinese Society of Traumatology organized relevant experts to formulate the Guideline for clinical perioperative care of orthopedic trauma patients in the new stage of novel corona virus infection ( version 2023). The guideline summarized 16 recommendations from the aspects of preoperative diagnosis and treatment, infection prevention, emergency operation and postoperative management to systematically standardize the perioperative clinical pathways, diagnosis and treatment processes of orthopedic trauma in the new stage of novel corona virus infection, so as to provide a guidance and reference for hospitals at all levels to carry out relevant work in current epidemic control policies.