Objective To investigate the acupoint selection law in acupuncture therapy for post-stroke respiratory dysfunction through data mining techniques with R language;To provide references for acupoint selection of clinical acupuncture practice for this disease.Methods Clinical research literature about acupuncture therapy for post-stroke respiratory dysfunction was retrieved from CNKI,Wanfang Data,VIP,CBM,PubMed,Cochrane Library,Web of Science and Embase from the establishment of the databases to February 20,2025.An acupuncture prescription database was established using Excel 2021.R 4.4.3 was used to analyze acupoint application frequency,meridian tropism,regional distribution and specific acupoints,and clustering analysis and association rule analysis were performed.Results Totally 123 articles were obtained,including 123 acupuncture prescriptions,involving 110 acupoints with a total application frequency of 723 times.High-frequency acupoints included Feishu(BL13),Hegu(LI4),Zusanli(ST36)and Fengchi(GB20),etc.The most frequently used meridians were the Bladder Meridian,Ren Meridian,Lung Meridian and Stomach Meridian.Acupoints were predominantly distributed in the head,neck and back regions,with crossing acupoints being the most commonly employed specific acupoints.Clustering analysis identified five meaningful acupoint combinations.The acupoint pair"Feishu(BL13)-Pishu(BL20)"demonstrated the strongest association.Conclusion Acupuncture treatment for post-stroke respiratory dysfunction follows the principle of strengthening the spleen to resolve phlegm and ventilating lung qi.The core acupoint combination is Feishu(BL13)-Pishu(BL20),with additional a acupoints adjusted based on syndrome differentiation to optimize therapeutic efficacy.

Objective To propose a novel method for immunohistochemically positive cell counting based on the improved YOLOv5s.Methods Regarding the small target characteristics of positive cells,a small target detection layer was added to refine feature extraction.Then,a bidirectional weighted feature pyramid network was used to replace path aggregation network(PANet)in the neck network for realizing multi-scale feature fusion.Additionally,the method used coordinate attention mechanism to make the model pay more attention to small target characteristics,and replaced the original GIoU with EIoU loss function for enhancing the detection performance.Results The model was trained on the self-built immunohistochemical image dataset.The average accuracy of the improved model was 89.3%,which was 4.0%higher than the original model and surpassed mainstream target detection models.The 5-year survival prediction model constructed with the method achieved an average accuracy of 76.8%and an average area under the curve of 0.81,demonstrating its superior prediction ability.Conclusion The proposed model can quickly detect the number of immunohistochemically positive cells and effectively assist doctors in survival prediction.

Objective To identify the taste critical quality attribute and design and optimize the flavor-correcting formulation of the traditional Chinese medicine oral preparation Qingre Jiedu Oral Liquid,in order to improve its taste and enhance patient medication adherence.Methods The taste assignment method was employed to identify the taste critical quality attribute of Qingre Jiedu Oral Liquid.Based on human sensory evaluation and the standardized Euclidean distance in electronic tongue analysis,suitable types of corrigent were determined.Subsequently,under constraints such as maximum allowable dosage,solubility,and sweetness,the optimal taste formulation for the sugar-free intermediate of Qingre Jiedu Oral Liquid was determined using Box-Behnken experimental design combined with electronic tongue and human sensory evaluation results.The study was reviewed and approved by the Ethics Committee of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine(Ethics Approval Number 2020BZYLL0609).Results The quantitative score for bitter taste of Qingre Jiedu Oral Liquid accounted for 30.36%,confirming bitterness as the taste critical quality attribute requiring attention.The optimal taste formulation for the sugar-free intermediate of Qingre Jiedu Oral Liquid was determined to be 120 mg·mL?1 erythritol,12 mg·mL?1 acesulfame potassium,and 2.4 mg·mL?1 stevioside.This formulation achieved an 11.75-point improvement in sensory evaluation scores compared to the original commercially available oral liquid.Conclusion This study successfully improved the taste of Qingre Jiedu Oral Liquid and established a comprehensive strategy for flavor-correcting formulation optimization,including a method for identifying taste critical quality attribute.This strategy provides a referential paradigm for palatability enhancement of similar traditional Chinese medicine oral preparations,laying a crucial technical foundation for elevating the clinical value of Chinese herbal medicines and promoting the high-quality development of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM).

Objective To identify the taste critical quality attribute and design and optimize the flavor-correcting formulation of the traditional Chinese medicine oral preparation Qingre Jiedu Oral Liquid,in order to improve its taste and enhance patient medication adherence.Methods The taste assignment method was employed to identify the taste critical quality attribute of Qingre Jiedu Oral Liquid.Based on human sensory evaluation and the standardized Euclidean distance in electronic tongue analysis,suitable types of corrigent were determined.Subsequently,under constraints such as maximum allowable dosage,solubility,and sweetness,the optimal taste formulation for the sugar-free intermediate of Qingre Jiedu Oral Liquid was determined using Box-Behnken experimental design combined with electronic tongue and human sensory evaluation results.The study was reviewed and approved by the Ethics Committee of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine(Ethics Approval Number 2020BZYLL0609).Results The quantitative score for bitter taste of Qingre Jiedu Oral Liquid accounted for 30.36%,confirming bitterness as the taste critical quality attribute requiring attention.The optimal taste formulation for the sugar-free intermediate of Qingre Jiedu Oral Liquid was determined to be 120 mg·mL?1 erythritol,12 mg·mL?1 acesulfame potassium,and 2.4 mg·mL?1 stevioside.This formulation achieved an 11.75-point improvement in sensory evaluation scores compared to the original commercially available oral liquid.Conclusion This study successfully improved the taste of Qingre Jiedu Oral Liquid and established a comprehensive strategy for flavor-correcting formulation optimization,including a method for identifying taste critical quality attribute.This strategy provides a referential paradigm for palatability enhancement of similar traditional Chinese medicine oral preparations,laying a crucial technical foundation for elevating the clinical value of Chinese herbal medicines and promoting the high-quality development of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM).

Objective:To construct a scientific, systematic, and clinically applicable evaluation system of quality-sensitive indicators for nursing care of patients with tracheostomy and swallowing disorders following brain injury, providing a basis for evaluating nursing care quality in this patient population.Methods:By reviewing the literature and qualitative studies, a draft evaluation indicator was formed based on nursing issues related to patients with swallowing disorders during their hospital stay, employing the "structure-process-outcome" three-dimensional quality management model as the theoretical foundation. Between July and September 2023, two rounds of Delphi method expert consultations were conducted to add, delete, and modify indicators, and the analytic hierarchy process was used to determine indicator weights.Results:A total of 18 experts participated in two rounds of consultations, with a questionnaire return rate of 18/18. All 18 experts were female, with an average age of (47.61 ± 8.17) years. The expert authority coefficients were 0.895 and 0.910, while the Kendall concordance coefficients were 0.304 and 0.138 (all P<0.001). The average importance values assigned to each level of indicators ranged from 4.28 to 5.00. The final nursing evaluation indicators for patients with tracheostomy and swallowing disorders following brain injury included 4 first-level indicators, 21 second-level indicators, and 45 third-level indicators. Conclusions:By combining evidence-based research, current situation surveys, qualitative studies, and the Delphi method, a successful nursing quality evaluation indicator system was established for patients with tracheostomy and swallowing disorders following brain injury. These indicators are scientific, systematic, and clinically operable, playing an important role in improving the quality of nursing care for patients with tracheostomy and swallowing disorders following brain injury.

Objective:To visually analyze the research hot-spots and development trends of pelvic floor dysfunction nursing, in order to provide a reference for the research of pelvic floor dysfunction nursing in China.Methods:The China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) and Web of Science core collection were used as the retrieval databases to retrieve the literature in the field of pelvic floor dysfunction nursing from the establishment of the database to January 31, 2025. CiteSpace 6.4.R1 software was used to visually analyze the included literature.Results:A total of 1 947 Chinese articles and 4 931 English articles were included. The number of English literature increased year by year, while Chinese literature showed a downward trend since 2019. There were more and stable core authors and core institutions in foreign research, while there was less cooperation among domestic authors and institutions. The research hotspots abroad mainly focused on improving the quality of nursing care and managing specific health problems. The future development trends were primarily randomized controlled trials, tension-free vaginal tape, postoperative care, and patient experience. The research hotspots in China mainly focused on nursing interventions. The future development trends were primarily patient quality of life and effectiveness evaluation.Conclusions:Due to different development stages, compared with foreign countries, there are still some deficiencies in evidence-based medicine, delicacy of nursing after tension-free vaginal tape, patient experience, innovation of nursing technology, and depth and breadth of nursing research in China. In the future, we should learn from foreign studies to promote the development of nursing research on pelvic floor dysfunction in China.

Objective:To explore the adaptability of health resources allocation and the economic development level in Sichuan Province and its influencing factors,so as to provide reference and suggestions for optimizing health resources allocation.Methods:Based on the panel data of 21 cities(states)in Sichuan Province,it analyzes the adaptability of health resources allocation and economic development in Sichuan Province from 2017 to 2021 and its influencing factors through entropy method,coupling coordination model and grey relational model.Results:From 2017 to 2021,the allocation level of health resources in most areas of Sichuan Province showed a gradual upward trend,but the rising speed was obviously lower than the growth rate of economic development;In 2021,the adaptability between the allocation of health resources and the level of economic development in most parts of Sichuan Province is still in a low coordination stage.Conclusion:Different regions should adopt differentiated development strategies based on their actual geographical conditions,optimize the allocation of health resources according to local conditions,and promote the coordinated development of health resource allocation and economic level.

Objective To investigate the differences in personality traits between the patients with anx-ious depression(AND)and non-anxious depression(NAD)in order to provide the possible basis for early find of the patients with AND.Methods A total of 572 adult patients with depression visiting in the psychiatric outpatient department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from January 2022 to December 2022 were selected to conduct the questionnaire survey.General demographic questionnaire,Self-rating Depression Scale(SDS),Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale(GAD-7)and Minnesota Multiphasic Per-sonality Inventory(MMPI)were collected and analyzed.The patients with GAD-7 total score ≥5 points served as the AND group(n=499)and those with GAD total score＜5 points served as the NAD group(n=73).The correlation between the general demographic questionnaire,SDS and GAD-7 with MMPI was ana-lyzed.Results There were statistically significant differences in the place of residence,number of children in a family,education years,MMPI total score and high score proportions of psychopathy,athopia,hysteria,depres-sion,hypochondriasis,paranoea,schizophrenia,social introversion and hypomania dimensions between the two groups(P＜0.05).The SDS and GAD-7 scores in the AND group were higher than those in the NAD group(P＜0.05).The MMPI total score,athopia,hysteria,depression,hypochondriasis,paranoea,schizophrenia,so-cial introversion and hypomania were positively correlated with SDS and GAD-7(P＜0.05).Conclusion The patients with depression accompanied by anxiety symptom could be early identified by the MMPI testing results.

Objective:To explore the adaptability of health resources allocation and the economic development level in Sichuan Province and its influencing factors,so as to provide reference and suggestions for optimizing health resources allocation.Methods:Based on the panel data of 21 cities(states)in Sichuan Province,it analyzes the adaptability of health resources allocation and economic development in Sichuan Province from 2017 to 2021 and its influencing factors through entropy method,coupling coordination model and grey relational model.Results:From 2017 to 2021,the allocation level of health resources in most areas of Sichuan Province showed a gradual upward trend,but the rising speed was obviously lower than the growth rate of economic development;In 2021,the adaptability between the allocation of health resources and the level of economic development in most parts of Sichuan Province is still in a low coordination stage.Conclusion:Different regions should adopt differentiated development strategies based on their actual geographical conditions,optimize the allocation of health resources according to local conditions,and promote the coordinated development of health resource allocation and economic level.

Natural products (NPs) are an important source of new drugs for the treatment of stroke. Identifying cellular targets for bioactive molecules is a major challenge and critical issue in the development of new drugs for stroke. Small-molecule probes play a unique role in target discovery. However, drawbacks to these probes include non-specificity, unstable activity, and difficulty in synthesis. Small-molecule probes based on NPs at least partially compensate for these shortcomings. NPs feature rich chemical and structural diversity, biocompatibility, and unique biological activities. These features could be exploited to provide new ideas and tools for target discovery. Small-molecule probes based on NPs provide a precise and direct search for interacting protein targets of NPs-active small molecules. This review explores the properties of small-molecule probes based on NPs and their applications in mechanistic studies of stroke and other diseases. We hope that this review will bring new perspectives to the mechanistic study of NPs-active small molecules and accelerate the translation of these ingredients into drug candidates for the treatment of stroke.