Background/Aims: Reflux symptoms frequently present in patients diagnosed with functional dyspepsia (FD). This investigation sought to elucidate the contribution of gastroesophageal reflux in the overlap relationship. Methods: Consecutive patients presenting with reflux symptoms and/or FD symptoms were prospectively included. Comprehensive assessments, including symptoms evaluation, endoscopy, esophageal functional examinations (high-resolution manometry and reflux monitoring), and proton pump inhibitor (PPI) treatment efficacy evaluation, were conducted in these patients. Results: The study enrolled 315 patients, 43.2% of which had concurrent FD symptoms and overlapping reflux symptoms. Notably, a mere 28.7% of patients in the overlap symptoms group had objective gastroesophageal reflux disease evidences (the grade of esophagitis≥ B or the acid exposure time ≥ 4.2%). Functional heartburn was demonstrated to be the main cause of overlapping reflux symptoms(55.1%). Reflux parameters analysis revealed that the reflux burden in the overlap symptoms group paralleled that of the FD symptoms group, with both registering lower levels than the reflux symptoms group (P < 0.05). Furthermore, PPI response rates were notably diminished in the overlap symptoms group (P < 0.001), even for those with objective gastroesophageal reflux disease evidences. Conclusions The study illuminated that overlapping reflux symptoms in FD was common. Strikingly, these symptoms primarily diverged from reflux etiology and exhibited suboptimal responses to PPI intervention. These findings challenge prevailing paradigms and accentuate the imperative for nuanced therapeutic approaches tailored to the distinctive characteristics of overlapping reflux symptoms in the context of FD.

Background/Aims: Reflux symptoms frequently present in patients diagnosed with functional dyspepsia (FD). This investigation sought to elucidate the contribution of gastroesophageal reflux in the overlap relationship. Methods: Consecutive patients presenting with reflux symptoms and/or FD symptoms were prospectively included. Comprehensive assessments, including symptoms evaluation, endoscopy, esophageal functional examinations (high-resolution manometry and reflux monitoring), and proton pump inhibitor (PPI) treatment efficacy evaluation, were conducted in these patients. Results: The study enrolled 315 patients, 43.2% of which had concurrent FD symptoms and overlapping reflux symptoms. Notably, a mere 28.7% of patients in the overlap symptoms group had objective gastroesophageal reflux disease evidences (the grade of esophagitis≥ B or the acid exposure time ≥ 4.2%). Functional heartburn was demonstrated to be the main cause of overlapping reflux symptoms(55.1%). Reflux parameters analysis revealed that the reflux burden in the overlap symptoms group paralleled that of the FD symptoms group, with both registering lower levels than the reflux symptoms group (P < 0.05). Furthermore, PPI response rates were notably diminished in the overlap symptoms group (P < 0.001), even for those with objective gastroesophageal reflux disease evidences. Conclusions The study illuminated that overlapping reflux symptoms in FD was common. Strikingly, these symptoms primarily diverged from reflux etiology and exhibited suboptimal responses to PPI intervention. These findings challenge prevailing paradigms and accentuate the imperative for nuanced therapeutic approaches tailored to the distinctive characteristics of overlapping reflux symptoms in the context of FD.

Background/Aims: Reflux symptoms frequently present in patients diagnosed with functional dyspepsia (FD). This investigation sought to elucidate the contribution of gastroesophageal reflux in the overlap relationship. Methods: Consecutive patients presenting with reflux symptoms and/or FD symptoms were prospectively included. Comprehensive assessments, including symptoms evaluation, endoscopy, esophageal functional examinations (high-resolution manometry and reflux monitoring), and proton pump inhibitor (PPI) treatment efficacy evaluation, were conducted in these patients. Results: The study enrolled 315 patients, 43.2% of which had concurrent FD symptoms and overlapping reflux symptoms. Notably, a mere 28.7% of patients in the overlap symptoms group had objective gastroesophageal reflux disease evidences (the grade of esophagitis≥ B or the acid exposure time ≥ 4.2%). Functional heartburn was demonstrated to be the main cause of overlapping reflux symptoms(55.1%). Reflux parameters analysis revealed that the reflux burden in the overlap symptoms group paralleled that of the FD symptoms group, with both registering lower levels than the reflux symptoms group (P < 0.05). Furthermore, PPI response rates were notably diminished in the overlap symptoms group (P < 0.001), even for those with objective gastroesophageal reflux disease evidences. Conclusions The study illuminated that overlapping reflux symptoms in FD was common. Strikingly, these symptoms primarily diverged from reflux etiology and exhibited suboptimal responses to PPI intervention. These findings challenge prevailing paradigms and accentuate the imperative for nuanced therapeutic approaches tailored to the distinctive characteristics of overlapping reflux symptoms in the context of FD.

Objective: To examine the association between the left behind status and health risk behaviors (HRB) among adolescents, so as to provide empirical evidence for identifying high risk groups and developing intervention measures for HRB. Methods: From October to November 2023, by using a combination of convenient sampling and cluster sampling,14 964 adolescents from 6 schools in a county level city in Hubei Province (3 junior high schools and 3 senior high schools) and 7 schools in a county level city in Hunan Province (all junior high schools) were selected as the research subjects. The adolescents were divided into non-left-behind, father absent, mother absent, and both parents absent groups based on their left behind status. A self designed adolescent HRB questionnaire was utilized to investigate the prevalence of 12 types of HRBs and their co-existence among the subjects. Multifactorial Logistic regression and unordered multinomial Logistic regression analyses were used to explore the association between the left behind status of adolescents and the occurrence of individual HRBs as well as the co-existence of multiple HRBs. Results: After controlling for gender, age, only child, and subjective socioeconomic status, the results of the multiple factor Logistic regression analysis showed that having father in absence for working was positively associated with screen use long time on school days ( OR= 1.15, 95%CI =1.05-1.26) and rest days ( OR=1.16, 95%CI =1.06-1.26); having mother in absence for working was significantly associated with increased risks of smoking ( OR=1.68, 95%CI =1.22-2.32), spending long time on screen during school days ( OR= 1.19, 95%CI =1.00-1.41)and rest days ( OR=1.36, 95%CI =1.16-1.59), skipping breakfast ( OR=1.20, 95%CI =1.03-1.39), skipping dinner ( OR=1.20, 95%CI =1.01-1.43), not eating fruit ( OR=1.34, 95%CI =1.12-1.61), and consuming sugar sweetened beverages ( OR=1.30, 95%CI =1.09-1.55); having both parents in absence for working was positively associated with screen use on rest days ( OR=1.51, 95%CI =1.38-1.65), skipping dinner ( OR=1.15, 95%CI =1.04-1.27), not eating fruit ( OR=1.80, 95%CI =1.62-1.99),and non suicidal self injury ( OR=1.16, 95%CI =1.04-1.29), and negatively associated with fast food consumption ( OR=0.72, 95%CI =0.65-0.79)(all P <0.05).The results of unordered multiclass Logistic regression analysis showed that mother absence for working was associated with an increased risk of moderate and high co-occurrence of HRBs ( OR= 1.25, 95%CI=1.06-1.47; OR=1.67, 95%CI =1.30-2.13), both parents absence for working was also positively correlated with a high cooccurrence risk of HRBs ( OR=1.29, 95%CI =1.11-1.50) (all P <0.05). Conclusion Father absence for working is only related to adolescents screen time, while adolescents with mother absence or both parents absent for working are priority groups for HRB prevention.

【Objective】 To establish a risk model for predicting spontaneous rupture bleeding of renal angiomyolipoma (RAML) in order to better assess and deal with the risk. 【Methods】 The information of 436 RAML patients diagnosed during Jan.2018 and Dec.2022 was retrospectively analyzed.According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 216 patients were included and divided into the rupture bleeding group (n=35) and non-rupture bleeding group (n=181).The factors influencing spontaneous rupture bleeding were identified using univariate and multivariate analysis, and a nomogram was constructed accordingly with R language.The nomogram was evaluated using Calibration curve and area under the receiver operator characteristic curve (AUC). 【Results】 It was found that clinical manifestations, tumor diameter, tumor convexity, tumor blood supply, and tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) were significantly correlated with rupture bleeding.The Calibration curve fitted well with the nomogram.The AUC was 0.956 (95%CI: 0.856-0.943), indicating that the nomogram had good statistical performance. 【Conclusion】 The model can effectively predict the risk of spontaneous rupture bleeding of renal angiomyolipoma.

Objective: To conduct a scoping review on prognostic prediction models for patients with comorbidity of chronic diseases, and understand modeling methods, predictive factors and predictive effect of the models, so as to provide the reference for prognostic evaluation on patients with comorbidity of chronic diseases. Methods: Literature on prognostic prediction models for patients with comorbidity of chronic diseases was collected through SinoMed, CNKI, Wanfang Data, VIP, PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library and Web of Science published from the time of their establishment to November 1, 2023. The quality of literature was assessed using prediction model risk of bias assessment tool (PROBAST), then modeling methods, predictive factors and predictive effects were reviewed. Results: Totally 2 130 publications were retrieved, and nine publications were finally enrolled, with an overall high risk of bias. Thirteen models were involved, with three established using machine learning methods and ten established using logistic regression. The prediction results of four models were death, with main predictive factors being age, gender, body mass index (BMI), Barthel index and pressure ulcers; the prediction results of nine models were rehospitalization, with main predictive factors being age, BMI, hospitalization frequency, duration of hospital stay and hospitalization costs. Eleven models reported the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), ranging from 0.663 to 0.991 6; two models reported the C-index, ranging from 0.64 to 0.70. Eight models performed internal validation, one model performed external validation, and four models did not reported verification methods. Conclusions The prognostic prediction models for patients with comorbidity of chronic diseases are established by logistic regression and machine learning methods with common nursing evaluation indicators, and perform well. Laboratory indicators should be considered to add in the models to further improve the predictive effects.

【Objective】 To establish a practical and feasible blood management (PBM) model for clinical liver transplant patients, so as to optimize the perioperative blood usage and improve patient prognosis and survival rate. 【Methods】 Led by the Medical Department, a questionnaire survey Establishment and Implementation of a Blood Management Model for Organ Transplant Patients on the importance of establishing a PBM model for liver transplant patients in clinical practice was conducted among 71 staff from relevant departments such as the Anesthesiology Department, Hepatobiliary Department, Blood Transfusion Department, and ICU Medical Department. After statistical analysis, the important items of PBM for liver transplant patients were determined, and a (trial) plan was organized by the Medical Department and training was conducted by Blood Transfusion Department for medical staff training from departments as Anesthesiology, Hepatobiliary and Pancreatology, and ICU; PBM measures for liver transplant patients before, during and after surgery were determined by the Anesthesiology Department, Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Department, and ICU; PBM was fully implemented in the experimental group with liver transplant patients in our hospital in 2021 as subjects; 30 cases of liver transplantation performed in our hospital in 2020 were selected as the control group, and the general data, preoperative laboratory examination results, and preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative blood transfusion of the two groups of patients were compared. 【Results】 Compared with the control group, the experimental group did not receive any blood component transfusion before surgery. Intraoperative blood transfusion volume of allogeneic components: red blood cells(U) were 12.75(8.75, 18.63) vs 15.25(8.38, 26.13)(P>0.05), apheresis platelet (treatment volume) was 0(0, 2) vs 1(0, 4.25)(P>0.05), plasma(U) was 2 300(1 550, 3 763) vs 3 650(2 075, 5 400)(P<0.05); cryoprecipitate(U) was 0(0, 10) vs 10(0, 30)(P<0.05); Postoperative blood transfusion volume of allogeneic components were as follows: red blood cells(U) 8.00(3.38, 12.88) vs 11.25(4.75, 19.63)(P>0.05), platelets were not transfused, plasma(U) was 0(0, 0) vs 0(0, 600)(P>0.05), and cryoprecipitates were not transfused. 【Conclusion】 The establishment of PBM model for liver transplant patients and the application of its management measures before, during and after transplantation significantly reduced the intraoperative blood transfusion volume and improved the prognosis of patients after transplantation.

【Objective】 To explore the correlation between the severity of jaundice in ABO hemolytic disease of fetus and newborn (HDFN) and multiple indicators, in order to achieve accurate diagnosis, timely treatment, and prevent complications in ABO HDFN. 【Methods】 From March 2020 to February 2023, a total of 283 ABO HDFN in our hospital were classified into mild, moderate and severe groups based on total bilirubin levels. The differences in basic data, relevant laboratory indicators and the agglutination intensity of the three hemolysis tests were analyzed and compared. 【Results】 In the severe group, 75% (12/16) were male infants, which was significantly higher compared to 37.5% (57/152) in the moderate group (P<0.05). The values (mg/dL) of transcutaneous jaundice in the mild, moderate and severe groups were:forehead 9.88±1.93 vs 12.34±2.01 vs 15.56±2.69, face 10.25±2.27 vs 13.28±2.32 vs 15.99±2.86, chest 9.67±2.16 vs 12.51±2.11 vs 15.33±2.36, respectively. The values(µmol/L) of direct bilirubin (DBIL) and indirect bilirubin (IBIL) were 9.87±2.06 vs 11.90±2.59 vs 16.12±4.73, and 159.36±37.55 vs 252.98±30.52 vs 353.76±55.68, respectively, and the differences between the mild, moderate and severe groups were statistically significant (all P<0.05) . The creatine kinase (CK) values(unit/L) of mild, moderate and severe groups were 664.15±498.26 vs 500.51 ±451.63 vs 402.63±224.27, and the difference between the mild group and the other two groups was statistically significant (P<0.05) . There was no statistically significant difference in the agglutination intensity of the three hemolysis tests among HDFN with different severity of jaundice. 【Conclusion】 Clinicians can predict the severity of jaundice in light of gender, transcutaneous jaundice, DBIL, IBIL and CK of ABO HDFN, for further and graded treatment, so as to avoid the sequelae or even life-threatening consequences caused by ABO HDFN.

【Objective】 To explore the causes of hypothermia in patients undergoing transurethral thulium laser prostatectomy. 【Methods】 A total of 170 patients who underwent transurethral thulium laser prostatectomy in our hospital during Sep.2020 and May 2021 were prospectively enrolled in the study. The patients were divided into normal body temperature group (n=143) and hypothermia group (n=27), based on whether perioperative hypothermia happened. The clinical data were analyzed to evaluate the risk factors of hypothermia. 【Results】 Univariate analysis showed that there were statistical differences in anesthesia time, operation time, prostate size and total amount of perfusion fluid between the two groups (P<0.05). Logistic analysis showed that the size of prostate was the independent risk factor of perioperative hypothermia (P<0.05). Patients were further divided according to prostate size. For patients with prostate < 80 g, the size of prostate was the independent risk factor of perioperative hypothermia (P<0.05), while for patients with prostate ≥ 80 g, the amount of perfusion fluid was the independent risk factor (P<0.05). 【Conclusion】 Perioperative hypothermia in patients undergoing transurethral thulium laser prostatectomy is related to the anesthesia time, operation time, prostate size and total amount of perfusion fluid. It is necessary to evaluate the risk factors before operation and take effective thermal insulation measures.

Bovine ephemeral fever virus (BEFV) causes bovine ephemeral fever, which can produce considerable economic damage to the cattle industry. However, there is limited experimental evidence regarding the underlying mechanisms of BEFV. Annexin A2 (AnxA2) is a calcium and lipid-conjugated protein that binds phospholipids and the cytoskeleton in a Ca 2+ -dependent manner, and it participates in various cellular functions, including vesicular trafficking, organization of membrane domains, and virus proliferation. The role of the AnxA2 gene during virus infection has not yet been reported. In this study, we observed that AnxA2 gene expression was up-regulated in BHK-21 cells infected with the virus.Additionally, overexpression of the AnxA2 gene promoted the release of mature virus particles, whereas BEFV replication was remarkably inhibited after reducing AnxA2 gene expression by using the small interfering RNA (siRNA). For viral proteins, overexpression of the Matrix (M) gene promotes the release of mature virus particles. Moreover, the AnxA2 protein interaction with the M protein of BEFV was confirmed by GST pull-down and coimmunoprecipitation assays. Experimental results indicate that the C-terminal domain (268– 334 aa) of AxnA2 contributes to this interaction. An additional mechanistic study showed that AnxA2 protein interacts with M protein and mediates the localization of the M protein at the plasma membrane. Furthermore, the absence of the AnxA2-V domain could attenuate the effect of AnxA2 on BEFV replication. These findings can contribute to elucidating the regulation of BEFV replication and may have implications for antiviral strategy development.