The paper introduces Professor SUN Shentian's experience in clinical practice of Ningshen (tranquilizing the mind) point. This point is an empirical point discovered by Professor SUN on the basis of meridian differentiation, nerve function and anatomic location, and in association with the years of clinical practice. The point is located in the prefrontal area, jointed with the distribution of the governor vessel, and responded to the body surface projection area of the frontal pole. It works on regulating the mind, regaining consciousness, improving cognition, alleviating depression, mutually treating physical and mental disorders, as well as unblocking collaterals, regulating the tendons and relieving spasm. This point is widely used in treatment of mental disorders, stroke and extrapyramidal diseases and obtains the reliable therapeutic effect in clinical practice.
Humans ; Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy/history* ; China ; Meridians ; History, 20th Century

Chronic kidney disease(CKD)has a high prevalence rate.Its common complication,chronic kidney disease-mineral and bone disorder(CKD-MBD),has become an important factor af-fecting the long-term prognosis of patients.The pathogenesis of CKD-MBD is complex,involving mul-tiple mechanisms such as dysregulation of the Klotho-fibroblast growth factor 23(FGF23)-FGF recep-tor(FGFR)signaling pathway,calcium-phosphorus metabolism disorders,impaired synthesis of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3[1,25-(OH)2D3],abnormal regulationof parathyroid hormone(PTH)secretion,and the involvement of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.Its pathological manifesta-tions not only include renal osteodystrophy but also involve in extraskeletal complications,such as vascular calcification and increased risk of cardiovascular events.Diabetes,as the most common cause of CKD,further exacerbates the development of CKD-MBD through various mechanisms,inclu-ding hyperglycemia,oxidative stress,activation of inflammatory factors,and bone microvascular dis-ease.In the population undergoing maintenance hemodialysis,there are differences in calcium-phos-phorus levels,PTH concentrations,and FGF23 expression patterns between diabetic nephropathy patients and non-diabetic CKD patients.However,the specific mechanisms underlying these changes have not been fully elucidated in large-scale epidemiological studies.This article aimed to review the basic research and clinical characteristics of CKD-MBD in diabetic nephropathy patients and non-diabetic CKD patients,with the hope of providing theoretical basis and practical guidance for future precision treatment.

Objective: Taxifolin is a natural flavonoid compound that can be isolated from onions, grapes, oranges and grapefruit. It also acts as a medicine food homology with extraordinary antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity. This study aims to explain the protective effects and potential mechanisms of taxifolin against inflammatory reaction. Methods: Levels of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β and intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) were assessed in different time after the treatment of taxifolin in RAW264.7 cells induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Subsequently, the mRNA and protein levels of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), cyclooxygenase (COX)-2, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and the phosphorylation expression levels of the MAPK signal pathway were also evaluated. A silico analysis was used to explain the binding situation for the investigation of taxifolin and MAPK signal pathway. And then MAPK inhibitors were used to reveal the expression level of iNOS, VEGF, COX-2 and TNF-α in RAW264.7 cells. Results: It was demonstrated that cell inflammatory damage induced by LPS was significantly alleviated after the treatment of taxifolin. Then, the mRNA and protein levels of iNOS, VEGF, COX-2 and TNF-α were reduced and the phosphorylation expression levels of the MAPK signal pathway were down-regulated remarkably as well. In silico analysis, taxifolin could form a relatively stable combination with MAPK signal pathway. MAPK inhibitors showed increasing or decreasing effect in the mRNA levels of iNOS, VEGF, COX-2 and TNF-α, which suggesting that taxifolin down-regulated iNOS, VEGF, COX-2 and TNF-α expressions were not entirely through the MAPK pathway. Conclusion: This finding demonstrated that taxifolin improved the inflammatory responses that partly involved in the phosphorylation expression level of MAPK signal pathway in RAW264.7 cells exposed to acute stress.

Objective:To compile the "Quick Psychological Assessment Scale for Military Training Injuries", analyze the psychological status and influencing factors of the wounded during military training, and propose intervention measures.Methods:Totally 105 wounded patients during military training who were treated in the Orthopedic Center at the Eighth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital from December 2018 to October 2019 were selected. The self-designed "Quick Psychological Assessment Scale for Military Training Injuries" was used to assess the anxiety and depression of the wounded 1-10 d post injury. The age, rank, injured part, injury type, interval from injury to surgical treatment, nature of the task performed, Barthel index, and the effects of Perceived Social Support Scale (PSSS) on the anxiety and depression of the wounded were observed, and CHISS2011 was used for statistical analysis.Results:The expert validity of the "Quick Psychological Assessment Scale for Military Training Injuries" was 0.893. The Cronbach's α coefficient, validity and norm of the rapid anxiety assessment scale was 0.754, 0.997 and (10.54±2.80) , respectively; the Cronbach's α coefficient, validity and norm of the rapid depression scale was 0.749, 0.997 and (11.60±3.22) , respectively. On the seventh day after injury, the rapid anxiety score of the wounded was (13.70±3.12) , which was statistically significantly different from the norm ( t=-10.588, P< 0.01) ; the rapid depression score was (11.83±2.99) , which was not statistically significantly different from the norm ( t=0.687, P> 0.05) . Cox regression analysis revealed that the interval from injury to surgical treatment, PSSS score and Barthel index were correlated with the anxiety of the wounded during military training ( P< 0.05) ; the nature of the tasks performed and the time of receiving surgical treatment were correlated with the depression after injury during military training ( P< 0.05) . Conclusions:The "Quick Psychological Assessment Scale for Military Training Injuries" has good performance. Mild and moderate anxiety is the focus of psychological intervention for the wounded during military training. Early implementation of effective treatment, recovery of self-care ability as soon as possible and effective social support can improve the mental state of the wounded during military training.

Objective Benzothiazole derivative BD960 has immunosuppressive activity after cell -based assays for high-throughput screening.The paper aimed to investigate the involved mechanism of BD960 on T cell proliferation. Methods Human peripheral blood T-lymphocytes were isolated and purified by the immunomagnetic microbeads.Then the T cells were activated by anti-CD3/anti-CD28 mAbs or alloantigen.The effect of BD960 on activa-ted T cell proliferation, the cytotoxic effect BD960 on resting T cells and the expression of activated T cells marker CD25 were measured by flow cytometer.Cytokine levels, including IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-17A and IFN-γ, were determined by ELISA. Results BD960 significantly inhibited the proliferation of T cells stimulated by anti-CD3/anti-CD28 mAb or alloantigen in a dose-dependent manner.The IC50 value is (2.3 ±0.3)μmol/L or (2.5 ±0.3)μmol/L, respectively.Moreover, BD960 had no obvious cytotoxic effects on rest-ing T cells and peripheral blood mononuclear cells, even at a high concentration ( up to 100μmol/L) .The ratio of CD25 expression on T cell was 69.7%after stimulated by Anti-CD3/CD28 mAbs with 72 h, the concentration (0.625、2.5、10)μmol/L of BD960 also had no potent effects on the ratio, but 0.1μmol/L FK506 could inhibit CD25 expression as low as 9.4%.The G0/G1 phase of activated T cells was 58.5%after stimulated by BD960 with 96 h.BD960 could induce cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1 phase in activated T cells with the increase of concentration and RAPA in the concentration of 0.1 μmol/L was 91.5%.In addition, BD960 (0.625、2.5、10)μmol/L could inhibit the secretion of IFN-γ, IL-6 and IL-17 in activated T cells with the increase of concentration, without any effects on the secretion of IL-2, IL-4 and IL-10. Conclusion BD960 not only exerts the inhibition on the late stage of T cell activation of cell proliferation but also inhibits the secretion of inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-6, IL-17 and IFN-γ, while the mechanism of BD960 on T cell proliferation was not the same as FK506.As a result, BD960 has the potential to be the lead compound to develop a new immunosuppressant.