Objective:To evaluate the effect of an obstetric artificial intelligence (AI) assistant combined with a family-centered health education model on maternal self-care ability, comfort status, and spousal caregiving ability.Methods:This prospective, single-center, parallel randomized controlled trial used 1∶1 randomization and was conducted as a superiority trial. Postpartum mothers and their spouses admitted to family-style single rooms at the Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University between October 2024 and April 2025 were enrolled and randomly assigned to control or intervention groups using a random number table. The control group received conventional health education, while the intervention group received conventional health education plus the AI-assisted family-centered model. Interventions were administered at 2 hours, 6 hours, and 24 hours postpartum, and before discharge. Outcomes included maternal self-care ability, comfort status, and spousal caregiving ability, which were assessed at 2 hours postpartum and before discharge. Data were analyzed using independent and paired t-tests and Chi square tests. Results:Of the 88 mother-spouse dyads initially recruited, four were excluded due to mother-infant separation (e.g., neonatal jaundice), leaving 84 dyads (42 per group). After the intervention, the intervention group showed significantly higher maternal self-care ability scores [(192.81±13.80) vs. (181.00±21.41) scores, t=3.00], higher maternal comfort scores [(104.43±7.52) vs. (96.00±14.29) scores, t=3.38], and better spousal caregiving ability [(6.07±3.13) vs. (9.50±5.02) scores, t=－3.76] compared to the control group (all P<0.05). Conclusion:The obstetric AI assistant combined with a family-centered health education model significantly improved maternal self-care ability and comfort status, as well as spousal caregiving ability.

Objective:To explore the application effects of traditional Chinese medicine five-tone therapy combined with personalized emotional counseling in patients with post-stroke insomnia, aiming to provide a reference for improving patients′ sleep quality in clinical practice.Methods:A quasi-experimental study was conducted. A total of 70 inpatients with post-stroke insomnia from the Department of Neurology and the Department of Rehabilitation at Lianyungang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine between January 2023 and February 2024 were selected using convenience sampling method. Of these, 35 patients admitted between January and July 2023 were assigned to the control group, while 35 patients admitted between August 2023 and February 2024 were assigned to the experimental group. The control group received routine treatment and care, while the experimental group was additionally provided with traditional Chinese medicine five-tone therapy combined with personalized emotional counseling. The intervention period was four weeks for both groups. Evaluations were conducted using polysomnography, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), and the patients′ use of hypnotic medications.Results:The control group consisted of 18 males and 17 females, with an average age of (58.02 ± 5.22) years; the experimental group consisted of 22 males and 13 females, with an average age of (56.41 ± 5.49) years. After the intervention, the total sleep time, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index score, and the Insomnia Severity Index score in experimental group were (376.22 ± 52.39) min, (9.36 ± 3.22) points, and (13.89 ± 2.16) points, respectively, compared to (343.78 ± 74.51) min, (12.02 ± 3.76) points, and (16.66 ± 3.04) points in the control group, with statistically significant ( t=2.11, 3.18, 4.39, all P<0.05). The experimental group′s hypnotic medication usage rate and nursing satisfaction score were 11.43% (4/35) and (81.05 ± 3.68) points, respectively, compared to 34.29% (12/35) and (76.21 ± 5.22) points in the control group, with statistically significant differences ( χ2=5.51, t=4.48; both P<0.05). Conclusions:Traditional Chinese medicine five-tone therapy combined with personalized emotional counseling can effectively improve sleep quality in post-stroke insomnia patients, reduce the use of hypnotic medications, and enhance patient satisfaction.

Objective To review the diagnostic information of 3368 viral hepatitis B inpatient cases reported by some healthcare institutions in Qinghai Province in the National Notifiable Disease Report System(NNDRS)in 2021,and to analyse the consistency of their reports and influence factor.Methods The study used the typical survey method to study 3368 hospitalized cases of hepatitis B reported by 32 medical institutions in Qinghai Province in 2021 from July 2022 to April 2023.The consistency between the reported classification and the reviewed classification was evaluated by reviewing diagnostic information of the cases,combined with the Kappa consistency test,and the consistency-influencing factors were analysed in a univariate and multivariate analysis.Results The consistency between acute,chronic,and unclassified reporting classifications and review classifications was poor(Kappa＜0.40);the consistency between acute and chronic review was poor(Kappa＜0.40).The main influence factor of the consistency of review included the level of medical institution,the patient's gender,occupation,past history,and the unit of diagnosis of initial onset of illness.Provincial medical institutions reported higher consistency,and male cases and herder cases had better consistency than female cases and other occupations.Review consistency of cases with past history was better than that of cases with unclear past history.Conclusion The consistency of diagnosis and reporting of hepatitis B cases in healthcare institutions in Qinghai Province in 2021 was low,with problems of inaccurate classification and duplicate reporting.It is recommended to strengthen the training and supervision of healthcare institutions,standardise the filling of'attached card'information,and promote the hepatitis B core antibody IgM test to improve the classification and diagnosis of acute and chronic hepatitis B,so as to comprehensively improve the accuracy of the diagnosis and reporting of hepatitis B cases.

Objective:To explore the application effects of traditional Chinese medicine five-tone therapy combined with personalized emotional counseling in patients with post-stroke insomnia, aiming to provide a reference for improving patients′ sleep quality in clinical practice.Methods:A quasi-experimental study was conducted. A total of 70 inpatients with post-stroke insomnia from the Department of Neurology and the Department of Rehabilitation at Lianyungang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine between January 2023 and February 2024 were selected using convenience sampling method. Of these, 35 patients admitted between January and July 2023 were assigned to the control group, while 35 patients admitted between August 2023 and February 2024 were assigned to the experimental group. The control group received routine treatment and care, while the experimental group was additionally provided with traditional Chinese medicine five-tone therapy combined with personalized emotional counseling. The intervention period was four weeks for both groups. Evaluations were conducted using polysomnography, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), and the patients′ use of hypnotic medications.Results:The control group consisted of 18 males and 17 females, with an average age of (58.02 ± 5.22) years; the experimental group consisted of 22 males and 13 females, with an average age of (56.41 ± 5.49) years. After the intervention, the total sleep time, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index score, and the Insomnia Severity Index score in experimental group were (376.22 ± 52.39) min, (9.36 ± 3.22) points, and (13.89 ± 2.16) points, respectively, compared to (343.78 ± 74.51) min, (12.02 ± 3.76) points, and (16.66 ± 3.04) points in the control group, with statistically significant ( t=2.11, 3.18, 4.39, all P<0.05). The experimental group′s hypnotic medication usage rate and nursing satisfaction score were 11.43% (4/35) and (81.05 ± 3.68) points, respectively, compared to 34.29% (12/35) and (76.21 ± 5.22) points in the control group, with statistically significant differences ( χ2=5.51, t=4.48; both P<0.05). Conclusions:Traditional Chinese medicine five-tone therapy combined with personalized emotional counseling can effectively improve sleep quality in post-stroke insomnia patients, reduce the use of hypnotic medications, and enhance patient satisfaction.

OBJECTIVE To investigate and analyze the current situation and problems of the advanced personnel en-gaging in the hospital-acquired infection control during their training period and explore the existing countermeas-ures and future development.METHODS The literatures regarding to the advanced study in China were retrieved from databases,the subjects of the literatures covered infection control-related advanced study practice,discipline construction,position competence,talent cultivation,scientific research innovation,professional title evaluation,laws,regulations and development plans.From Aug.2024 to Nov.2024,a questionnaire survey and face-to-face interviews were conducted among 36 advanced study personnel from 9 provinces of China who engaged in hos-pital-acquired infection control in the First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital.Eventually,36 ques-tionnaires were retrieved,all of which were valid with a questionnaire recovery rate of 100.00％.RESULTS Among the 36 advanced study personnel of hospital-acquired infection control,58.33％were medium-grade professional ti-tle;preventive medicine(41.67％),clinical medicine(25.00％)and nursing(16.67％)ranked the top 3 majors.The personnel engaged in the infection control for more than 6 years,and the duration of the advanced study was generally 3 or 6 months.In reality,the personnel faced the choices in terms of the purposes of further education,learning approaches and learning contents.The advanced study personnel also encountered the problems of challenges from promotion,improvement of position competency,integration with clinical training,supervision and practice,as well as physiological,psychological and family pressure.CONCLUSION Aiming at the problems that the advanced study personnel are generally concerned about,such as how to scientifically and effectively carry out hospital-acquired infection control advanced study and preset and solve the problems that may encounter,it is necessary to formulate targeted training programmes so as to provide bases and enlightenment for establishment of a long-term mechanism for advanced study of infection control in China.

Objective To review the diagnostic information of 3368 viral hepatitis B inpatient cases reported by some healthcare institutions in Qinghai Province in the National Notifiable Disease Report System(NNDRS)in 2021,and to analyse the consistency of their reports and influence factor.Methods The study used the typical survey method to study 3368 hospitalized cases of hepatitis B reported by 32 medical institutions in Qinghai Province in 2021 from July 2022 to April 2023.The consistency between the reported classification and the reviewed classification was evaluated by reviewing diagnostic information of the cases,combined with the Kappa consistency test,and the consistency-influencing factors were analysed in a univariate and multivariate analysis.Results The consistency between acute,chronic,and unclassified reporting classifications and review classifications was poor(Kappa＜0.40);the consistency between acute and chronic review was poor(Kappa＜0.40).The main influence factor of the consistency of review included the level of medical institution,the patient's gender,occupation,past history,and the unit of diagnosis of initial onset of illness.Provincial medical institutions reported higher consistency,and male cases and herder cases had better consistency than female cases and other occupations.Review consistency of cases with past history was better than that of cases with unclear past history.Conclusion The consistency of diagnosis and reporting of hepatitis B cases in healthcare institutions in Qinghai Province in 2021 was low,with problems of inaccurate classification and duplicate reporting.It is recommended to strengthen the training and supervision of healthcare institutions,standardise the filling of'attached card'information,and promote the hepatitis B core antibody IgM test to improve the classification and diagnosis of acute and chronic hepatitis B,so as to comprehensively improve the accuracy of the diagnosis and reporting of hepatitis B cases.

OBJECTIVE To investigate and analyze the current situation and problems of the advanced personnel en-gaging in the hospital-acquired infection control during their training period and explore the existing countermeas-ures and future development.METHODS The literatures regarding to the advanced study in China were retrieved from databases,the subjects of the literatures covered infection control-related advanced study practice,discipline construction,position competence,talent cultivation,scientific research innovation,professional title evaluation,laws,regulations and development plans.From Aug.2024 to Nov.2024,a questionnaire survey and face-to-face interviews were conducted among 36 advanced study personnel from 9 provinces of China who engaged in hos-pital-acquired infection control in the First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital.Eventually,36 ques-tionnaires were retrieved,all of which were valid with a questionnaire recovery rate of 100.00％.RESULTS Among the 36 advanced study personnel of hospital-acquired infection control,58.33％were medium-grade professional ti-tle;preventive medicine(41.67％),clinical medicine(25.00％)and nursing(16.67％)ranked the top 3 majors.The personnel engaged in the infection control for more than 6 years,and the duration of the advanced study was generally 3 or 6 months.In reality,the personnel faced the choices in terms of the purposes of further education,learning approaches and learning contents.The advanced study personnel also encountered the problems of challenges from promotion,improvement of position competency,integration with clinical training,supervision and practice,as well as physiological,psychological and family pressure.CONCLUSION Aiming at the problems that the advanced study personnel are generally concerned about,such as how to scientifically and effectively carry out hospital-acquired infection control advanced study and preset and solve the problems that may encounter,it is necessary to formulate targeted training programmes so as to provide bases and enlightenment for establishment of a long-term mechanism for advanced study of infection control in China.

Objective:To evaluate the effect of an obstetric artificial intelligence (AI) assistant combined with a family-centered health education model on maternal self-care ability, comfort status, and spousal caregiving ability.Methods:This prospective, single-center, parallel randomized controlled trial used 1∶1 randomization and was conducted as a superiority trial. Postpartum mothers and their spouses admitted to family-style single rooms at the Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University between October 2024 and April 2025 were enrolled and randomly assigned to control or intervention groups using a random number table. The control group received conventional health education, while the intervention group received conventional health education plus the AI-assisted family-centered model. Interventions were administered at 2 hours, 6 hours, and 24 hours postpartum, and before discharge. Outcomes included maternal self-care ability, comfort status, and spousal caregiving ability, which were assessed at 2 hours postpartum and before discharge. Data were analyzed using independent and paired t-tests and Chi square tests. Results:Of the 88 mother-spouse dyads initially recruited, four were excluded due to mother-infant separation (e.g., neonatal jaundice), leaving 84 dyads (42 per group). After the intervention, the intervention group showed significantly higher maternal self-care ability scores [(192.81±13.80) vs. (181.00±21.41) scores, t=3.00], higher maternal comfort scores [(104.43±7.52) vs. (96.00±14.29) scores, t=3.38], and better spousal caregiving ability [(6.07±3.13) vs. (9.50±5.02) scores, t=－3.76] compared to the control group (all P<0.05). Conclusion:The obstetric AI assistant combined with a family-centered health education model significantly improved maternal self-care ability and comfort status, as well as spousal caregiving ability.

Objective:To investigate the clinical characteristics and management status of children with Turner syndrome (TS) in China.Methods:As a cross-sectional study, 1 089 TS patients were included in the database of the National Collaborative Alliance for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Turner Syndrome from August 2019 to November 2023. Clinical characteristics (growth development, sexual development, organ anomalies, etc.), karyotypes, auxiliary examinations, and treatments were collected and analyzed.Results:Among the 1 089 TS cases, 809 were recorded karyotypes. The karyotype distribution was as follows: 45, X in 317 cases (39.2%), X chromosome structural variants (including partial deletions of p or q arm, ring chromosome, and marker chromosome) in 89 cases (11.0%), 45, X/46, XX mosaicism in 158 cases (19.5%), mosaicism with X chromosome structural variants in 209 cases (25.8%), and presence of Y chromosome material in 36 cases (4.4%). Among the 824 TS cases, the age of diagnosis was 9.7(6.4, 12.2) years, with a height standard deviation score (HtSDS) of -3.1±1.2. Five hundred and fifty three cases underwent growth hormone (GH) stimulation test, and 352 cases (63.7%) had GH peak values <10 μg/L and 75.9% (577/760) had low IGF1 levels, with IGF1 SDS ≤-2 accounting for 38.2% (290 cases). Among 471 cases aged ≥8 years, 132 cases (28.0%) showed spontaneous sexual development (mean bone age (11.0±1.7) years), 10 cases had spontaneous menarche (mean bone age (12.0±2.2) years), and 2 cases had regular menstrual cycles. Common physical features included cubitus valgus (311 cases (28.5%)), neck webbing (188 cases (17.2%)), low posterior hairline (185 cases (17.0%)), shield chest (153 cases (14.0%)), high arched palate (127 cases (11.6%)), short fourth metacarpal (43 cases (3.9%)), and spinal abnormalities (38 cases (3.5%)). Congenital cardiovascular and urogenital anomalies occurred in 91 cases (19.4%) and 66 cases (12.0%)respectively. Abdominal ultrasound in 33 cases (7.2%) indicated fatty liver, hepatomegaly, intrahepatic bile duct stones, and splenomegaly. Among 23 cases undergoing oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) test, 2 were diagnosed with diabetes mellitus and 4 with impaired glucose tolerance. Following diagnosis, 669 cases (80.7%) received rhGH treatment at a chronological age of (9±4) years and bone age of (8.3±3.2) years. Additionally, 112 cases (19.4%) received sex hormone replacement therapy starting at the age of (14±4) years and bone age of (12.6±1.2) years.Conclusions:The karyotypes of 45, X and mosaicism were most common in Chinese children with TS. The clinical manifestations were mainly short stature and gonadal dysplasia. However, a few TS children could be in the normal range of height, and some cases among those aged of ≥8 years old had spontaneous sexual development. Some exhibited physical features, congenital cardiovascular and urogenital anomalies, and dysfunction of the hypothalamic-pituitary-IGF1 axis. Moreover, a few of them developed impaired glucose tolerance and diabetes mellitus. Following diagnosis, most of the patients received rhGH treatment, and a few of them received sex hormone replacement therapy.

Objective:To investigate the prenatal ultrasound findings and clinical prognosis in fetal closed spina bifida without subcutaneous mass.Methods:This retrospective study included nine fetuses diagnosed with closed spina bifida without subcutaneous mass by prenatal ultrasound in Women's Hospital of Jiangnan University from October 2016 to February 2022. Descriptive analysis was used to summarize the ultrasonographic features, MRI findings, genetic testing results, pregnancy outcomes and follow-up data.Results:The diagnosis of fetal closed spina bifida without subcutaneous mass was confirmed in all cases by MRI, X-ray examination or ultrasound after termination or neonatal surgery. Four cases presenting with various degrees of sacral vertebra defects had caudal regression syndrome complicated by other malformations. Two cases had dermal sinus, presenting with subcutaneous hypoechoic sinus tract connecting to the spinal canal. Lipoma terminalis were found in two fetuses who presented with intraspinal hyperechoic mass. One fetus with diastematomyelia showed short linear strong echoes and double spinal cord echoes in the spinal canal with butterfly vertebrae. The location of the conus medullaris was lower in seven cases and normal in one fetus. The other one case had unclear position of the conus medullaris. No postoperative complications occurred in the two cases (one with dermal sinus and one with lipoma terminalis) receiving postnatal surgery and both infants grew and developed normally. Fetal death occurred in one case and six pregnancies were terminated.Conclusions:Closed spina bifida without subcutaneous mass typically has ultrasonographic features. Detection of spinal cord echoes in the spinal canal can improve the prenatal detection rate. Whether it is complicated with malformation affects its prognosis. Prenatal ultrasound diagnosis may provide information for prognosis consultation and postpartum treatment.