Hemorrhoids are common anorectal diseases with complex pathogenesis, and there is still a lack of ideal experimental animal models for research on their prevention and treatment. In this paper, Chinese and English databases are searched with the keywords "hemorrhoids" and "animal model", and 36 relevant studies are finally included. The shortcomings of existing hemorrhoid animal models in integrating the clinical disease and syndrome characteristics of traditional Chinese and Western medicine are systematically analyzed, and the consistency of various models with clinical practice is evaluated. The studies are divided into four categories according to modeling methods: chemical modeling, physical modeling, biological modeling, and combined modeling. The clinical consistency of modeling is evaluated in combination with the diagnostic points of hemorrhoids in traditional Chinese and Western medicine. The results show that there are significant differences in the reproduction of clinical indicators by different modeling methods. According to clinical consistency, the models can be divided into three grades: high-consistency models are mainly based on combined modeling methods (such as induction by carrageenan combined with norepinephrine hydrochloride), which can more comprehensively simulate core pathological changes such as venous congestion and local inflammation; moderate-consistency models adopt single chemical or physical intervention (such as local inflammation induced by croton oil or vein ligation), which can only reproduce part of the pathological process; low-consistency models mostly adopt direct stimulation, with limited research value for pathological characteristics. Existing animal models have obvious advantages in replicating Western medical structural lesions of hemorrhoids, but they still have obvious defects in simulating the chronic disease course and stably reproducing the characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine syndromes, and a unified standard has not yet been formed for the traditional Chinese medicine evaluation system of models. In conclusion, it is still necessary to further explore the construction of high-quality integrated disease and syndrome animal models for hemorrhoids in traditional Chinese and Western medicine. Future research should integrate the theories of traditional Chinese and Western medicine, adopt multi-factor chronic modeling strategies, and establish a standardized comprehensive evaluation system covering macroscopic signs and microscopic indicators. This paper provides a reference for constructing standardized integrated disease and syndrome animal models of hemorrhoids that conform to the pathological changes of Western medicine and take into account the characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine syndromes, with the aim of providing more effective experimental tools for research on the pathogenesis of hemorrhoids and their integrated prevention and treatment with traditional Chinese and Western medicine.

ObjectiveTo explore the clinical efficacy and safety of a combined therapy by using recombinant human interferon α2b, Baofukang suppository and vaginal lactobacillus for high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) infection in postmenopausal women, and to provide a reference for the treatment of HR-HPV infection. MethodsThis study was a single-center, prospective, randomized, open-label, and parallel-controlled trial. A total of 210 postmenopausal women with cervical HR-HPV infection who visited the Maternal and Child Health Care and Family Planning Service Center of Deqing County from January 2022 to December 2023 were consecutively selected. They were randomly divided into study group (112 cases) and control group (98 cases) using a random number table. The control group was treated with recombinant human interferon α2b vaginal effervescent capsules and Baofukang suppositories. The study group received vaginal lactobacillus capsules in addition to the treatment given to the control group. The primary outcome measure was the HPV clearance rate at 6 and 12 months after treatment. The secondary outcomes included the rate of cervical cytology improvement, symptom relief rate, vaginal microecological indicators (vaginal pH value, proportion of lactobacillus), and the incidence of adverse reactions. ResultsA total of 196 patients (112 in the study group and 84 in the control group) completed the 12-month follow-up. At 6 months after treatment, there was no significant difference in the negative rate of HR-HPV between the two groups (χ²=3.36, P=0.072). At 12 months after treatment , the negative rate of HPV in the study group (78.57%, 88/112) was higher than that in the control group (52.38%, 44/84) (χ²=3.98, P=0.046). At 6 months after treatment, there was no significant difference in the improvement rate of cervical cytology between the two groups (χ²=0.12, P=0.063). At 12 months after treatment, the improvement rate of cervical cytology in the study group (73.21%, 82/112) was higher than that in the control group (47.62%, 40/84) (χ²=4.26,P=0.039).In terms of vaginal microecology, at 6 months after treatment, the median vaginal pH value of the study group [4.17 (4.03,4.26)] was lower than that of the control group [4.60 (4.31,4.85)] (U=386.52, P=0.004), and the average proportion of lactic acid bacteria [(82.36±5.12)%] was higher than that of the control group [(68.57±6.34)%] (t=7.56, P=0.002). At 12 months after treatment, the median vaginal pH value of the study group [4.04 (3.81,4.12)] was lower than that of the control group [4.06 (3.83,4.19)] (U=352.04, P=0.006), and the average proportion of lactic acid bacteria [(91.25±4.36)%] was higher than that of the control group [(78.63±5.72)%] (t=6.73, P=0.001). At 6 months after treatment, the remission rate of symptoms in the study group (64.29%, 72/112) was higher than that in the control group (40.48%, 34/84) (χ²=10.957, P=0.001). At 12 months after treatment, the remission rate of symptoms in the study group (87.50%, 98/112) was higher than that in the control group (64.29%, 54/84) (χ²=56.81, P<0.001). Regarding side effects, during the treatment period and within one month after the completion of treatment, only three types of mild local side effects, including increased vaginal discharge, vaginal burning sensation, and vulvar pruritus, were observed in both groups. All adverse reactions were alleviated after symptomatic management (such as perineal cleaning and adjusting medication posture). The total incidence of adverse reactions in the study group was 6.25%, compared to 7.14% in the control group, with no statistically significant differences between the two groups (χ²=0.09, P=0.768). ConclusionThe combined treatment of recombinant human interferon α2b vaginal effervescent capsules, Baofukang suppositories, and vaginal lactobacillus capsules in postmenopausal women with cervical HR-HPV infection could effectively increase the HPV clearance rate, improve cervical cytology, restore vaginal microbiota balance, and relieve clinical symptoms.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of uterine artery embolization(UAE)for the treatment of adenomyosis(AM)and to discuss the factors predicting efficacy.Methods The clinical data of 44 patients with AM,who received UAE at The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University from January 2020 to August 2022,were retrospectively analyzed.Based on the MRI findings,serum CA125 levels and follow-up dysmenorrhea scores,the efficacy of UAE and the factors predicting efficacy were analyzed.Results A single UAE treatment was performed in all 44 patients with AM.Follow-up check with MRI at 12 months after treatment showed that the mean uterine volume decreased from preoperative(299.60±182.42)cm3 to postoperative(173.14±104.00)cm3,with a volume reduction of 36.64％(P＜0.05).The dysmenorrhea score decreased from preoperative(7.70±2.60)points to postoperative(2.20+2.37)points,with a relief rate of 88.64％(P＜0.05),and no severe adverse reactions occurred.Enhanced MRI demonstrated that in 30 patients(68.18％)the AM lesions presented as complete necrosis foci.In the patients whose preoperative lesions were completely necrotic,the mean preoperative serum CA125 level was(101.97±60.30)U/mL,the mean ADC value was(1.012+0.271)mm2/s,which were obviously lower than those in the patients whose preoperative lesions were incompletely necrotic(P＜0.05).The mean T2 signal ratio(T2SR)value in the patients whose preoperative lesions were completely necrotic was(0.582±0.198),which was significantly higher than that in the patients whose preoperative lesions were incompletely necrotic(P＜0.05).The analysis of receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve showed that the preoperative area under the curve(AUC),sensitivity,and specificity for preoperative CA125 were 0.844,60％and 80％respectively;the AUC,sensitivity,and specificity for preoperative ADC were 0.760,80％and 65％respectively;and the AUC,sensitivity,and specificity for preoperative T2SR were 0.760,80％and 70％respectively.ADC＜1.116 × 10-3 mm2/s,T2SR＞0.479,and CA125＜109.10 U/mL could be used as the reliable predictive factors for the efficacy of UAE treatment for AM.Conclusion UAE can effectively alleviate dysmenorrhea symptoms in patients with AM,and it is clinically safe and effective.ADC,T2SR,and CA125 can be used as the reliable predictive factors for the efficacy of UAE treatment for AM,which are helpful in predicting the lesion response and selecting the reasonable therapeutic options for patients.

Objective To develop an erythrocyte-based delivery system for butyrylcholinesterase(BChE)that is capable of prophylaxis against organophosphorus nerve agents.Methods Recombinant BChE was produced and analyzed for oligomerization via polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis(PAGE)and Western blotting.A modified hypotonic preswelling method was employed to prepare BChE-loaded erythrocytes.The drug loading capacity and encapsulation efficiency were quantified using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).Catalytic activity was assessed in vitro with an activity detection kit.The system was characterized via scanning electron microscopy(SEM),flow cytometry and a hematology analyzer.Results Recombinant BChE predominantly existed as dimers(85％dimer,15％monomer).The optimized volume ratio of erythrocytes to hypotonic solution was determined as 1:7.Compared with native and empty erythrocytes,BChE-loaded erythrocytes exhibited significantly higher catalytic activity(P＜0.001).The mean corpuscular volume of BChE-loaded erythrocytes increased(P＜0.001),while the mean content of corpuscular hemoglobin and hemoglobin in erythrocytes per 100 mL decreased(P＜0.001).SEM revealed no morphological differences(biconcave disc shape).Hypotonic preswelling moderately increased erythrocyte apoptosis(P＜0.001),but no statistical difference was observed between BChE-loaded and hypotonic-treated erythrocytes(P＞0.05).CD47 expression remained unchanged compared to native erythrocytes(P＞0.05).Conclusion The modified hypotonic preswelling method can generate BChE-loaded erythrocytes that retain the characteristics of native erythrocytes while conferring catalytic activity,offering a novel strategy for clinical intervention against organophosphorus poisoning.

Obejective Based on the Citespace software,this study aims to comb the research hotspots and core contents of the development process of the TMD field in China,and carefully understand the research evolution process of the Temporo-mandibular Disorders(TMD)related fields in China,clarify its development timeline.Methods Using CNKI as the database source,through CiteSpace 6.1R6,we completed keyword co-occurrence,keyword clustering and emergence,and timeline knowledge mapping,and conducted a retrospective analysis of TMD-related literature published in China.Results A total of 2,034 domestic articles related to TMD were counted,and the development characteristics were obtained through data analysis:the treatment methods of TMD had evolved from combining traditional Chinese and Western medicine to Western medicine taking the dominant position,the research population had evolved from special populations to the general population,the focus had shifted from TMD itself to TMD-related and concurrent diseases,and the scope of research had continued to expand.Conclusions The development of literature on TMD disease has gone through three different periods,and there has been a significant shift in the research hotspots of TMD in China.The popularization rate of disease knowledge in TMD is not high,and further education needs to be provided to the general public.

This paper aims to explore the effect of electrical stimulation of triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) on the osteogenic and other biological behaviors of mouse embryonic osteoblast precursor cells (MC3T3-E1 cells) on titanium surfaces. First, an origami-type TENG was fabricated, and its electrical output performance was tested. The optimal current of the generator and the feasibility of the experiment were verified by the CCK-8 assay and scratch assay. At the optimal current, the osteogenic conditions of the cells in each group were determined by quantitative analysis of the total protein content, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, and alizarin red staining (ARS) on the titanium surface. Finally, the adhesion and spreading of cells on the titanium surface after electrical stimulation were observed. The results showed that the TENG had good electrical output performance, with an open-circuit voltage of 65 V and a short-circuit current of 42 μA. Compared with the rest of the current, a current strength of 30 μA significantly improved cell proliferation and migration, osteogenesis, and adhesion and spreading capabilities. The above results confirm the safety and operability of TENG in biomedical applications, laying the foundation for future TENG applications in reducing the time of bone integration around titanium implants after surgery.
Titanium/chemistry* ; Osteogenesis ; Animals ; Mice ; Osteoblasts/cytology* ; Electric Stimulation/instrumentation* ; Cell Adhesion ; Cell Proliferation ; Surface Properties ; Cell Differentiation ; Nanotechnology

To investigate the infection status of two arboviruses,akabane orthobunyavirus(AKAV)and bluetongue virus(BTV),in cattle herds of Guizhou Province,we employed the indirect ELISA method to detect AKAV and BTV antibody levels in the present experiment.A total of 1504 bovine serum samples from 37 large-scale farms and 88 free-range households from 26 districts or coun-ties of 7 cities(prefectures)of Guizhou Province were collected to detect AKAV antibody levels.Additionally,1 241 serum samples from 30 large-scale farms and 15 free-range households in 19 districts or counties of 3 cities(prefectures)were tested for BTV antibody levels.Moreover,two influencing factors,breeding mode and sampling season,were statistically analyzed for their effects.The results showed that the overall positive rate of AKAV antibodies was 11.64％(175/1 504),with individual positive rates of 13.20％(123/934)and 9.12％(52/570)in large-scale farms and free-range households,respectively.No significant differences were observed between the two groups.However,the farm positive rate(64.86％,24/37)in large-scale farms was significantly higher than that(26.14％,23/88)in free-range households.Seasonal statistics showed that the positive rate was highest during the summer season at 60.00％(12/20).The total positive rate of BTV antibodies was 25.42％(222/1 241).The farm positive rate and individual positive rate in free-range households were 66.67％(10/15)and 41.91％(57/136),respectively.For large-scale farms,these rates were 60.00％(18/30)and 14.93％(165/1 105),respectively.The individual pos-itive rate in free-range households was significantly higher than that in large-scale farms.Seasonal statistics showed that the positive rates in summer and autumn seasons were 50.00％(5/10)and 72.41％(21/29),respectively,both of which were significantly higher than those in winter and spring seasons.All these findings indicated that both AKAV and BTV were present to a certain ex-tent in Guizhou Province,with seasonality.Furthermore,differences were observed between the different breeding modes.Our results could provide a data reference for the formulation of preven-tion and control measures for the two insect-borne diseases.

To establish a rapid visual detection method for Akabane virus(AKAV)on site,specific primers and probes based on the S fragment of AKAV were designed in this experiment.Corre-sponding groups were added to the primers or probes to fulfil the requirement of the combination of recombinase polymerase amplification(RPA)with lateral flow dipstick(LFD).The reaction temperature and time,concentrations of the primer and probe were optimized to establish the RPA-LFD method for detecting AKAV.After that,the specificity,sensitivity and clinical reliability of the method were evaluated.The results showed that after 20 minutes of reaction at 37 ℃,the test results could be read on LFD paper.There was no cross reaction against blue tongue virus,Pasteurella multocida,bovine infectious rhinotracheitis virus and bovine Mycoplasma bovis,and the detection limit was 2.5 × 100 copies/μL of standard plasmid.Detection of clinical samples showed a consistent results with that by RT-PCR method.These findings indicated that the RPA-LFD method established had the advantages of good specificity,high sensitivity,simple operation and visualization,and could be applied to clinical detection,which provides new technical support for the rapid diagnosis and prevention and control of AKAV.