Body weight abnormalities, including overweight, obesity, and underweight, have become a dual public health challenge in Chinese adults: overweight and obesity lead to a variety of chronic complications, while underweight increases the risks of malnutrition, sarcopenia, and organ dysfunction. To systematically address these issues, multidisciplinary experts in endocrinology, sports science, nutrition, and psychiatry from various regions have held multiple weight management seminars. Based on the latest epidemiological data and clinical evidence, they expanded the guideline to include assessment and intervention strategies for underweight, in addition to the core content of obesity management. This guideline outlines the etiological mechanisms, evaluation methods, and multidimensional management strategies for overweight and obesity, covering key areas such as diagnosis and assessment, medical nutrition therapy, exercise prescription, pharmacological intervention, and psychological support. It is intended to provide a scientific and standardized approach to weight management across the adult population, aiming to curb the rising prevalence of obesity, mitigate complications associated with abnormal body weight, and improve nutritional status and overall quality of life.

Body weight abnormalities, including overweight, obesity, and underweight, have become a dual public health challenge in Chinese adults: overweight and obesity lead to a variety of chronic complications, while underweight increases the risks of malnutrition, sarcopenia, and organ dysfunction. To systematically address these issues, multidisciplinary experts in endocrinology, sports science, nutrition, and psychiatry from various regions have held multiple weight management seminars. Based on the latest epidemiological data and clinical evidence, they expanded the guideline to include assessment and intervention strategies for underweight, in addition to the core content of obesity management. This guideline outlines the etiological mechanisms, evaluation methods, and multidimensional management strategies for overweight and obesity, covering key areas such as diagnosis and assessment, medical nutrition therapy, exercise prescription, pharmacological intervention, and psychological support. It is intended to provide a scientific and standardized approach to weight management across the adult population, aiming to curb the rising prevalence of obesity, mitigate complications associated with abnormal body weight, and improve nutritional status and overall quality of life.

Objective Endophytic fungi were isolated and purified from fresh Glycyrrhiza glabra L.and strains capable of producing secondary metabolites with inhibitory effects on adenosine deaminase,β-lactamase,xanthine oxidase,and tyrosinase were screened.Methods Four types of culture media were used to isolate and purify endophytic fungi using tissue homogenization method.Subsequently,the secondary metabolites of endophytic fungi were evaluated using an activity assessment platform.Results A total of 131 strains of endophytic fungi were isolated from the plant,among which 34 strains exhibited distinct morphologies and special characteristics.The mycelial extract of hypha G(1-5)(s)showed good adenosine deaminase inhibitory activity(inhibition rate:98.58％)and β-lactamase inhibitory activity(inhibition rate:93.15％).and β-lactamase(inhibition rate:93.15％).Strain G6 exhibited excellent xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity(inhibition rate:91.38％)in the ethyl acetate phase.These strains were identified as Penicillium sp.and Aspergillus sp.Conclusion Glycyrrhiza glabra L.harbors a diverse range of endophytic fungi with promising research potential.Further investigation is warranted to provide important technical data for the protection and in-depth applications of Glycyrrhiza glabra L..

Herpes zoster ophthalmicus(HZO)is caused by the involvement of the ophthalmic division trigeminal nerve after reactivation of varicella-zoster virus(VZV)latent in the trigeminal ganglia, which usually occurs in the elderly and people with low immune function. The clinical manifestations of HZO are complex and diverse, which show not only keratoconjunctivitis and uveitis, but also retinal necrosis, optic neuropathy, and rare central nervous system lesions. Some cases do not have typical skin lesions, which can easily lead to missed diagnosis, misdiagnosis, and mistreatment, seriously affecting People's life quality. This article aimed to evaluate the clinical manifestations of HZO cases reported in the literature in recent years and comprehensively understand their diversity and complexity to better diagnose and treat the disease. This study also aimed to improve the diagnosis and cure rates of the disease, reduce the maximum number of visual damage, and provide more evidence for the precise diagnosis and treatment of HZO.

Objective Endophytic fungi were isolated and purified from fresh Glycyrrhiza glabra L.and strains capable of producing secondary metabolites with inhibitory effects on adenosine deaminase,β-lactamase,xanthine oxidase,and tyrosinase were screened.Methods Four types of culture media were used to isolate and purify endophytic fungi using tissue homogenization method.Subsequently,the secondary metabolites of endophytic fungi were evaluated using an activity assessment platform.Results A total of 131 strains of endophytic fungi were isolated from the plant,among which 34 strains exhibited distinct morphologies and special characteristics.The mycelial extract of hypha G(1-5)(s)showed good adenosine deaminase inhibitory activity(inhibition rate:98.58％)and β-lactamase inhibitory activity(inhibition rate:93.15％).and β-lactamase(inhibition rate:93.15％).Strain G6 exhibited excellent xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity(inhibition rate:91.38％)in the ethyl acetate phase.These strains were identified as Penicillium sp.and Aspergillus sp.Conclusion Glycyrrhiza glabra L.harbors a diverse range of endophytic fungi with promising research potential.Further investigation is warranted to provide important technical data for the protection and in-depth applications of Glycyrrhiza glabra L..

Objective To explore the prognostic role of laminin (LN ) as a tumor biological marker in predicting the recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) related with HBV infection after liver transplantation (LT ) .Methods Tissue samples from 251 HBV-related HCC patients undergoing LT were immunohistochemically stained with anti-LN antibody .The relevant prognostic factors were analyzed using Spearman's rank test , Kaplan-Meier method , log-rank test and multivariate step-wise Cox regression analysis .Results The expressions of LN in tumor tissues were significantly positively correlated with tumor number (P=0 .00) ,microsatellite (P=0 .02) ,venous invasion (P=0 .048) ,pTNM tumor stage (P=0 .00) ,pre-LT serum α-fetoprotein (AFP) level (P=0 .00) ,HBV DNA level (P= 0 .02) ,HBeAg level (P= 0 .02) and tumor recurrence (P= 0 .00) respectively .Significant differences existed in 1/3/5-year overall survival or tumor recurrence-free survival rate post-LT among LN different expression (-,+ ,≥ + + ) in HBV-related HCC patients (P< 0 .05 ) . Multivariate analysis indicated that LN was a significantly independent predictor in predicting poor tumor recurrence-free survival post-LT (P=0 .01) .Conclusions LN may be a feasible marker in predicting HCC recurrence post-LT for HBV-related HCC patients .

Objective To explore the effect of drug injection under bronchoscopy on the retreatment of smear positive cavitary pulmonary tuberculosis. Methods From June 2016 to December 2017,164 cases of pul-monary tuberculosis with smear Yang cavity type were selected,which were divided into 2 groups according to the random digital table method,each groups has 82 cases.The control group received routine treatment,the observa-tion group underwent bronchoscopy with Kangfuxin Liquid combined with drug injection therapy.The clinical effect of the two groups,the changes of lung function before and after treatment and the improvement of clinical symp-toms were compared.Results The clinical curative effect of the treatment group was better than the control group, which difference was statistically significant(P < 0.05). FEV1,FEV1/FVC,PEF index in the observation group were better than the control group,which difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The complication rate of observation group was lower than the control group,which difference was statistically significant(P < 0.05). Conclusion Drug injection under bronchoscopy can significantly improve the clinical efficacy and lung function and promote clinical symptoms in patients with retreated smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis.It is worthy of popu-larization and application.

Background:Helicobacter pylori( Hp)is the main cause of chronic gastritis( CG),and CagA and VacA are important pathogenic factors of Hp. Recent studies have indicated that CagA and VacA antibodies of Hp have close relationship with gastric cancer(GC)and peptic ulcer(PU). Aims:To investigate the relationship between different antibodies of Hp and GC,PU and CG in Xinjiang area. Methods:Eighty-four GC,108 PU and 196 CG patients from Jan. 2014 to Aug. 2014 were enrolled. 14 C-urea breath test was used to determine Hp infection. Hp was typed by immunoblotting technique. Relationship between different Hp antibodies and patients with GC,PU and CG was analyzed. Results:Type Ⅰ Hp-positive rate in GC,PU and CG groups was decreased stepwisely(47. 6% ,37. 0% ,21. 4% , respectively). The positive rates of Hp strains(CagA-128 kDa,VacA-110 kDa and UreB-66 kDa)differed significantly among GC,PU,and CG groups(P = 0. 013,P = 0. 011,P = 0. 002);GC was associated with CagA-128 kDa,VacA-110 kDa,VacA-90 kDa and UreB-66 kDa(P < 0. 05),PU was associated with VacA-110 kDa,UreB-66 kDa(P < 0. 05). UreB-66 kDa was the risk factor of PU and GC(P < 0. 05). Conclusions:GC is associated with CagA-128 kDa,VacA-110 kDa,VacA-90 kDa and UreB-66 kDa,PU is associated with VacA-110 kDa,UreB-66 kDa,and UreB-66 kDa is the risk factor of PU and GC.

Objective To investigate the changes and clinical significance of calcitonin gene related peptide (CGRP) and interleu-kin 1α(IL-1α) before and after warm acupuncture therapy in the patients with lumbar disc herniation (LDH ) .Methods Serum CGRP and IL-1αcontents were detected before and after the warm acupuncture therapy in 60 cases of lumbar disc herniation and 15 healthy control cases by ELISA method for conducting the statistical analysis .The changes of the McGill pain scores and serum CGRP and IL-1αconcentrations before and after the warm acupuncture therapy were observed .Results The McGill pain scores af-ter the warm acupuncture therapy in the LDH patients were significantly decreased ,the difference was statistically significant (P<0 .01) ,and serum CGRP and IL-1α concentrations were significantly decreased ,the difference was statistically significant (P<0 .01) .Conclusion CGRP and IL-1αcan be used as the observation index of the effects for the warm acupuncture therapy in trea-ting LDH ,which can provide the basis for the conservative treatment of LDH .