Objective To analyze the incidence,colonization pathways,and predictive factors of bacterial colonization of epidural analgesia catheters in patients with chronic pain.Methods A total of 150 patients with chronic pain who underwent continuous epidural catheterization(catheter in-dwelling time of 7 to 10 days)were selected as study subjects.Samples from three sites were collect-ed for bacterial culture.Clinical data of the patients were collected,and the positive rate of bacterial culture,characteristics of bacterial species distribution,and bacterial colonization pathways were ana-lyzed.The efficacy of predictive factors was assessed using the receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve.Results The positive rates of bacterial culture in samples from the skin swabbing fluid around the puncture site,the subcutaneous segment of the catheter,and the catheter tip were 22.0％,7.3％,and 8.7％,respectively.Staphylococcus epidermidis was the predominant colonizing bacterial species.Spearman correlation coefficient analysis showed a significant correlation between the results of bacterial culture from the skin around the puncture site and catheter tip colonization(r=0.47,P＜0.01).ROC curve analysis revealed that the area under the curve of bacterial culture results from the skin around the puncture site in predicting catheter tip bacterial colonization was 0.843,with a sensitivity of 84.9％and a specificity of 84.6％.Conclusion Bacterial migra-tion along the catheter is the main pathway for catheter tip bacterial colonization,and the results of bacterial culture from the skin around the puncture site are an effective predictive factor for the risk of bacterial colonization.

Lipophosphatidic acid(LTA)was used to stimulate Mac-T cells,and the expression lev-els and phosphorylation levels of key proteins of nuclear factor-κB(NF-κB)and mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK)signaling pathway and the expression levels of upstream key action factors TLR4 and MyD88 proteins were detected by Western blot,and EDU assay was used to detect cell proliferation levels and flow cytometry was used to detect apoptosis.The results showed that acti-vation of GPR120 significantly decreased the phosphorylation levels of LTA-induced NF-κB(P65 and IκBα)(P＜0.01)and MAPK(JNK,ERK,p38)(P＜0.01)in Mac-T cells;inhibition of GPR120 was able to upregulate LTA-induced NF-κB(p65 and IκBα)in Mac-T cells(P＜0.01)and MAPK(JNK,ERK,p38)phosphorylation levels(P＜0.01);and activation of GPR120 significantly allevia-ted LTA-induced upregulation of TLR4 and MyD88(P＜0.01);inhibition of GPR120 significantly exacerbated LTA-induced upregulation of TLR4 and MyD88(P＜0.05);LTA stimulation led to a trend of diminished Mac-T cell proliferation and significantly increased apoptosis,whereas activa-tion of the GPR120 gene significantly increased cell activity(P＜0.01),promoted cell proliferation and significantly reduced apoptosis(P＜0.05)thereby alleviating the damage to Mac-T cells by LTA;LTA stimulation led to a highly significant increase in apoptosis(P＜0.01).In contrast,acti-vation of the GPR120 gene significantly reversed the increase in the apoptosis rate of Mac-T cells induced by LTA(P＜0.01),while inhibition of the GPR120 gene enhanced the apoptosis-promo-ting effect of LTA(P＜0.05),indicating that activation of the GPR120 gene attenuated the in-crease of apoptosis rate caused by LTA-induced inflammatory Mac-T cells.The results suggest that GPR120 can regulate inflammation by mediating TLR4 and MyD88 expression to inhibit NF-κB/MAPK inflammatory pathway activation and can promote cell proliferation.

As a receptor protein,GPR120 is activated by long-chain fatty acids(such as omega-3 fat-ty acids,alpha-linolenic acid,eicosapentaenoic acid,and docosahexaenoic acid.It plays an important regulatory role in gastrointestinal peptide release,inflammation,lipogenesis,glucose tolerance,and insulin sensitivity.In order to study the synergistic regulation of the GPR120 gene on milk fat me-tabolism and its anti-inflammatory effects in dairy cow MAC-T cells,the GPR120 activator TUG-891 and the inhibitor AH7614 were used to treat both dairy cow MAC-T cells and LTA-induced inflammatory dairy cow MAC-T cells.This treatment aimed to detect the expression of key genes involved in milk fat synthesis and inflammatory factors.The results showed that the GPR120 gene activator significantly increased the relative expression levels of cholesterol regulatory element binding protein(SREBP1)and fatty acid synthase(FASN),key genes for milk fat synthesis.Addi-tionally,the expression levels of the inflammatory factor interleukin-6(IL-6)and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)were reduced in the inflammatory dairy cow MAC-T cell model,which prelimi-natively reveals that GPR120 co-regulates milk fat and mammary inflammation in dairy cows,thereby laying a foundation for subsequent molecular mechanism research.

As a receptor protein,GPR120 is activated by long-chain fatty acids(such as omega-3 fat-ty acids,alpha-linolenic acid,eicosapentaenoic acid,and docosahexaenoic acid.It plays an important regulatory role in gastrointestinal peptide release,inflammation,lipogenesis,glucose tolerance,and insulin sensitivity.In order to study the synergistic regulation of the GPR120 gene on milk fat me-tabolism and its anti-inflammatory effects in dairy cow MAC-T cells,the GPR120 activator TUG-891 and the inhibitor AH7614 were used to treat both dairy cow MAC-T cells and LTA-induced inflammatory dairy cow MAC-T cells.This treatment aimed to detect the expression of key genes involved in milk fat synthesis and inflammatory factors.The results showed that the GPR120 gene activator significantly increased the relative expression levels of cholesterol regulatory element binding protein(SREBP1)and fatty acid synthase(FASN),key genes for milk fat synthesis.Addi-tionally,the expression levels of the inflammatory factor interleukin-6(IL-6)and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)were reduced in the inflammatory dairy cow MAC-T cell model,which prelimi-natively reveals that GPR120 co-regulates milk fat and mammary inflammation in dairy cows,thereby laying a foundation for subsequent molecular mechanism research.

Objective: To evaluate the outcomes of myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) patients who received HLA-matched sibling donor allogeneic peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (MSD-PBSCT) . Methods: The clinical data of 138 MDS patients received MSD-PBSCT from Sep. 2005 to Dec. 2017 were retrospectively analyzed, and the overall survival (OS) rate, disease-free survival (DFS) rate, relapse rate (RR) , non-relapse mortality (NRM) rate and the related risk factors were explored. Results: ①After a median follow-up of 1 050 (range 4 to 4 988) days, the 3-year OS and DFS rates were (66.6±4.1) % and (63.3±4.1) %, respectively. The 3-year cumulative incidence of RR and NRM rates were (13.9±0.1) % and (22.2±0.1) %, respectively. ②Univariate analysis showed that patients with grade Ⅲ-Ⅳ acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) or hematopoietic cell transplantation comorbidity index (HCT-CI) ≥2 points or patients in very high-risk group of the Revised International Prognostic Scoring System (IPSS-R) had significantly decreased OS[ (42.9±13.2) %vs (72.9±4.2) %, χ²=8.620, P=0.003; (53.3±7.6) %vs (72.6±4.7) %, χ²=6.681, P=0.010; (53.8±6.8) %vs (76.6±6.2) %vs (73.3±7.7) %, χ²=6.337, P=0.042]. For MDS patients with excess blasts-2 (MDS-EB2) and acute myeloid leukemia patients derived from MDS (MDS-AML) , pre-transplant chemotherapy or hypomethylating agents (HMA) therapy could not improve the OS rate[ (60.4±7.8) %vs (59.2±9.6) %, χ²=0.042, P=0.838]. ③Multivariate analysis indicated that the HCT-CI was an independent risk factor for OS and DFS (P=0.012, HR=2.108, 95%CI 1.174-3.785; P=0.008, HR=2.128, 95%CI 1.219-3.712) . Conclusions HCT-CI was better than the IPSS-R in predicting the outcomes after transplantation. The occurrence of grade Ⅲ-Ⅳ aGVHD is a poor prognostic factor for OS. For patients of MDS-EB2 and MDS-AML, immediate transplantation was recommended instead of receiving pre-transplant chemotherapy or HMA therapy.

Objective To provide a comprehensive reference index for different mouse models of herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) infection by investigating the related clinical manifestations, pathological features and characteristics of viral distribution in tissues and organs of BALB/c mice infected with different HSV-1 strains by using different strategies.Methods Acute infection models were established by challenging BALB/c mice at age three or six weeks with HSV-1 17+ and McKrae strains via intranasal and corneal administrations.Correspondingly, chronic infection models were established with BALB/c mice through subcutaneous and foot pad injections.Results Although all experimental mice showed trichiasis and roachback, there were differences in weight and fatality rate among different groups.Results of the quantitative PCR detection indicated that the proliferation of HSV-1 in the nervous tissues (brain, spinal cord, trigeminal ganglion) varied among different groups.The pathological examination indicated that in the acute infection groups, significant pathological changes only occurred in the brain tissues, while in the chronic infection groups, pathological injuries only occurred in the trigeminal ganglia.Although a key index latency-associated transcript (LAT) was not detected in the trigeminal nerve tissues of mice in the chronic infection groups, co-culturing the tissues with Vero cells resulted in infectious lesions in the cells.Conclusion This study indicates that there are significant differences in weight and fatality rate among different BALB/c mouse models of HSV-1 infection.Varied replication dynamics of HSV-1 were observed in different tissues or organs of the BALB/c mice in different groups.Therefore, different indexes should be adopted to evaluate different HSV-1 infection models.

Objective To compare the clinical effects of proximal femoral nail antirotation (PFNA) and proximal femoral nail antirotation-Ⅱ (PFNA-Ⅱ) in the internal fixation of femoral intertrochanteric fracture.Methods A retrospective study was conducted of the 54 patients with femoral intertrochanteric fracture who had been treated at our department from May 2009 through July 2014.During May 2009 and November 2011,27 of them were treated with PFNA;during December 2011 and July 2014,the other 27 of them were treated with PFNA-Ⅱ.The 2 groups were compared in terms of operation time,intraoperative blood loss volume,hidden blood loss volume,intraoperative and postoperative complications,fracture healing time and Harris hip score at the last follow-up.Results In the PFNA group,27 patients were followed up for an average time of 22.6 ± 4.8 months.In the PFNA-Ⅱ group,27 patients were followed up for an average time of 19.5 ± 4.6 months.The PFNA group had significantly more intraoperative blood loss volume (130.1 ± 74.3 mL),and significantly higher rates of intraoperative lateral wall fracture of the proximal femur (18.5％,5/27),postoperative lateral thigh soft tissue irritation (22.2％,6/27) and postoperative thigh pain (22.2％,6/27) than the PFNA-Ⅱ group [46.3 ± 23.1 mL,0,3.7％ (1/27),3.7％ (1/27),respectively] (P ＜ 0.05).There were no significant differences between the 2 groups in operation time,hidden blood loss,postoperative complications of internal diseases,fracture healing time,or Harris hip score of last follow-up (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Compared with PFNA,PFNA-Ⅱ may lead to a smaller volume of intraoperative blood loss and a lower incidence of complications related to internal fixation.

Objective To explore the occurrence of adverse reactions and its influencing factors in the teenagers aged 12 to 24 Years who received 1 Year or more longer antiviral therapY. Methods national Information sYstem for AIDs Control and Prevention was searched and the data of teenagers and Young adults aged 12 to 24 Years with HIv/AIDs treated in Hunan Province from October 1,2003 to October 31,2013 were collected. The information included sex,age,marital status,route of infection,interval between diagnosis and treatment,with or without sYmptoms and signs at the beginning of treatment,opportunistic infection,clinical stages,counts of peripheral blood CD4 ﹢T lYmphocYtes( CD4 cells),initial treatment plan,and the tYpe and incidence rate of adverse reactions in each month during the first Year of treatment. The related factors between antiviral therapY and the adverse reactions were analYzed bY Logistic regression model. Results A total of 559 patients were enrolled into this studY. Of them,312 were males and 247 were females with the average age(22 ± 2)Years. The route of infection was sexual transmission accounting for 90. 9%(508/559). The number of cases with peripheral blood CD4 cell count ≥200 accounted for 55. 1%(300/544). The singles accounted for 65. 5%(366/559). The interval between diagnosis and treatment was from 0 to 1 859 daYs and an average time was 198 daYs,median time was 53 daYs. At the beginning of treatment ,the number of cases with sYmptoms and signs accounted for 29. 7%(166/559), associated opportunistic infections accounted for 28. 8%(169/589),and the clinical stages of Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ, andⅣ accounted for 266(50. 5%),124(23. 5%),99(18. 8%),and 38(7. 2%),respectivelY. The initial treatment plans for the patients of male,female,12-18 Years,and 19-24 Years were mainlY lamivudine﹢zidovudime﹢nevirapine,theY accounted for 45. 2%(141/312),37. 2%(92/247),45. 9%(45/98), and 40. 8%(188/461),respectivelY. The incidence of adverse reactions in the first month during the treatment was the highest which accounted for 19. 3%( 108/559 ), including nausea and vomitting (37. 0%,40/108),erYthema(34. 3%,37/108),and fatigue(28. 7%,31/108). The incidence of adverse reactions in the second month during the treatment was 11. 7%( 57/486 ),including erYthema (35. 1%,20/57),fatigue(26. 3%,15/57)and appetite changes(24. 6%,14/57). thereafter,the incidences of adverse reactions of each month were lower than 10. 0%. The results of single factor analYsis for correlative factors of adverse reactions in the first month during the treatment showed age,sex,route of infection,with or without sYmptoms and signs at the beginning of treatment,with or without opportunistic infection,clinical stages and number of CD4 cells were related to the adverse reactions(all P﹤0. 05 ). The result of multi factor Logistic regression analYsis showed age 19-24 Years old(OR=1. 782,95%CI:1. 293-3. 554,P=0. 002),female(OR=1. 904,95%CI:1. 204-3. 013,P=0. 006),with sYmptoms and signs at the beginning of treatment(OR=3. 025,95%CI:1. 902-4. 810,P=0. 000)were the risK factors of the adverse reactions. Conclusions The mail adverse reactions of antiviral therapY in patients aged 12-24 Years during the first Year's treatment were gastrointestinal reaction and sKin lesions. The incidence of the adverse reactions in the first month during the treatment was the highest. Age 19-24 Years,female,and with sYmptoms and signs at the beginning of treatment are the the risK factors of the adverse reactions.

Objective To explore the occurrence of adverse reactions and its influencing factors in the teenagers aged 12 to 24 Years who received 1 Year or more longer antiviral therapY. Methods national Information sYstem for AIDs Control and Prevention was searched and the data of teenagers and Young adults aged 12 to 24 Years with HIv/AIDs treated in Hunan Province from October 1,2003 to October 31,2013 were collected. The information included sex,age,marital status,route of infection,interval between diagnosis and treatment,with or without sYmptoms and signs at the beginning of treatment,opportunistic infection,clinical stages,counts of peripheral blood CD4 ﹢T lYmphocYtes( CD4 cells),initial treatment plan,and the tYpe and incidence rate of adverse reactions in each month during the first Year of treatment. The related factors between antiviral therapY and the adverse reactions were analYzed bY Logistic regression model. Results A total of 559 patients were enrolled into this studY. Of them,312 were males and 247 were females with the average age(22 ± 2)Years. The route of infection was sexual transmission accounting for 90. 9%(508/559). The number of cases with peripheral blood CD4 cell count ≥200 accounted for 55. 1%(300/544). The singles accounted for 65. 5%(366/559). The interval between diagnosis and treatment was from 0 to 1 859 daYs and an average time was 198 daYs,median time was 53 daYs. At the beginning of treatment ,the number of cases with sYmptoms and signs accounted for 29. 7%(166/559), associated opportunistic infections accounted for 28. 8%(169/589),and the clinical stages of Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ, andⅣ accounted for 266(50. 5%),124(23. 5%),99(18. 8%),and 38(7. 2%),respectivelY. The initial treatment plans for the patients of male,female,12-18 Years,and 19-24 Years were mainlY lamivudine﹢zidovudime﹢nevirapine,theY accounted for 45. 2%(141/312),37. 2%(92/247),45. 9%(45/98), and 40. 8%(188/461),respectivelY. The incidence of adverse reactions in the first month during the treatment was the highest which accounted for 19. 3%( 108/559 ), including nausea and vomitting (37. 0%,40/108),erYthema(34. 3%,37/108),and fatigue(28. 7%,31/108). The incidence of adverse reactions in the second month during the treatment was 11. 7%( 57/486 ),including erYthema (35. 1%,20/57),fatigue(26. 3%,15/57)and appetite changes(24. 6%,14/57). thereafter,the incidences of adverse reactions of each month were lower than 10. 0%. The results of single factor analYsis for correlative factors of adverse reactions in the first month during the treatment showed age,sex,route of infection,with or without sYmptoms and signs at the beginning of treatment,with or without opportunistic infection,clinical stages and number of CD4 cells were related to the adverse reactions(all P﹤0. 05 ). The result of multi factor Logistic regression analYsis showed age 19-24 Years old(OR=1. 782,95%CI:1. 293-3. 554,P=0. 002),female(OR=1. 904,95%CI:1. 204-3. 013,P=0. 006),with sYmptoms and signs at the beginning of treatment(OR=3. 025,95%CI:1. 902-4. 810,P=0. 000)were the risK factors of the adverse reactions. Conclusions The mail adverse reactions of antiviral therapY in patients aged 12-24 Years during the first Year's treatment were gastrointestinal reaction and sKin lesions. The incidence of the adverse reactions in the first month during the treatment was the highest. Age 19-24 Years,female,and with sYmptoms and signs at the beginning of treatment are the the risK factors of the adverse reactions.