Objective: To investigate the relationship between 24 hour activity behaviors and fine motor development in preschool children, and to simulate the effects of reallocating time among different activity behaviors on fine motor development using isotemporal substitution analysis. Methods: From March to July 2022, a stratified cluster random sampling method was used to recruit 447 preschool children aged 3-6 years (254 boys and 193 girls) from Pingxiang City, Jiangxi Province. The 24 hour activity behaviors in preschool children were measured using ActiGraph wGT3-BT accelerometers and subjective sleep reports. Fine motor development was assessed using the Gesell Developmental Schedules. A component linear regression model was employed to analyze the impact of 24 hour activity behaviors on the development of fine motor activities, and the potential effects of adjusting activity behaviors were simulated through an isochoric substitution model. Results: The daily durations of sedentary behavior (SB) was ( 572.92 ±102.96) min (accounting for 39.79% of 24 h), the duration of light physical activity (LPA) was (131.21± 38.11 ) min ( 9.11% ), the duration of moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) was (65.61±22.21) min (4.56%), and sleep duration was (670.65±57.58) min (46.82%). Sleep composition was positively associated with fine motor development ( β =2.74), while MVPA ( β =-0.84) and SB ( β =-1.93) compositions were negatively associated with fine motor development (all P <0.01). Isochoric substitution analysis showed that sleep had positive effects on the development of fine motor skills when replacing other activity behaviors (all P < 0.05), with the substitution effect for MVPA being the most significant and gradually increasing with the duration of substitution (60 min: β =28.66); sleep replacement of SB and LPA also showed positive effects (60 min: β =4.25, 2.00) (all P < 0.05). On the contrary, the substitution of sleep with MVPA showed negative effects (60 min: β =-7.86), and the substitution of LPA and SB with MVPA also showed negative effects (60 min: β =-5.65, -3.40) (all P <0.05). Conclusions The overall composition of 24 hour activity behaviors is associated with fine motor development in preschool children, with sleep playing a crucial role. Ensuring adequate sleep and optimizing the structure of activity behaviors may effectively promote the development of fine motor skills in preschool children.

Objective:To investigate the serum vitamin D levels of elderly pregnant women in Chengdu and e-valuate the effectiveness of the existing conventional supplementation programs.Methods:Pregnant women who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were selected from the samples of elderly pregnant women collected from the Second Hospital of West China,Sichuan University from September 2017 to June 2020 as the research sub-jects.Relevant survey questionnaires were filled out.Calcium tablets were supplemented with multivitamins.Their serum vitamin D levels were detected by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry in early pregnancy(＜14 weeks of gestation),mid pregnancy(14-28 weeks of gestation),and late pregnancy(＞28 weeks of gestation)for sequential investigation and effect evaluation.Results:The average serum vitamin D level of 359 elderly preg-nant women in the early stage of pregnancy was 23.47±10.12 ug/L,with only 22.01％of the pregnant women having sufficient vitamin D.The vitamin D levels of vitamin D-deficient elderly pregnant women increased as the gestational weeks increased after the routine supplementation of vitamin D.Vitamin D levels increased significantly in early pregnancy,reaching 33.47±10.12 ug/L and remain normal thereafter(F=187.255,P＜0.01).Conclu-sion:Elderly pregnant women included in this study generally have vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency,and it is necessary to screen for vitamin D.Those with severe vitamin D deficiency should be supplemented with vitamin D preparations in the early stage of pregnancy.

Objective To explore the therapeutic effects of temperature-controlled radiofrequency combined with electrical stimulation biofeedback on postpartum dyspareunia in women.Methods In this study,166 patients suffering from dyspareunia due to pelvic floor muscle hypertonicity who visited the Pelvic Floor Rehabilitation Medicine Center of our hospital were selected as subjects.They were randomly divided into three groups:the electrical stimulation biofeedback treatment group(55 cases),the radiofrequency treatment group(55 cases),and the combined electrical stimulation biofeedback and radiofrequency treatment group(56 cases).Patients in the electrical stimulation biofeedback therapy group received only electrical stimulation biofeedback therapy;patients in the radiofrequency group were treated solely with radiofrequency therapy;and patients in the combined treatment group began receiving gynecological radiofrequency treatment from the second week,in addition to the same treatment as the electrical stimulation biofeedback treatment group.To evaluate the effectiveness of the three treatment methods,comparative analyses were conducted on the pelvic floor modified Oxford muscle strength measurement results,pelvic floor surface electromyography values,and sexual function(FSFI)scores of the three groups of patients before and after treatment.Results After treatment,the average resting electromyography(EMG)value of the combined treatment group decreased(P＜0.05),indicating a significant improvement in muscle relaxation function.After treatment,the combined treatment group showed significant improvements in the pelvic floor modified Oxford muscle strength test,the maximum EMG value of fast-twitch(type Ⅱ fibers)muscles,the average EMG value of slow-twitch(type Ⅰ fibers)muscles,and the average EMG value of endurance test,and also demon-strated significant improvements in sexual function(FSFI)scores,which were superior to the electrical stimulation biofeedback treatment group and the radiofrequency treatment group(P＜0.05).Conclusion The combined treatment of temperature control radiofrequency and electrical stimulation with biofeedback has shown significant therapeutic effects in the treatment of postpartum dyspareunia,offering a broad prospect for clinical application.

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of intravaginal CO2 fractional laser combined with interferon in treating persistent high-risk HPV infection of the cervix and its impact on vaginal microecology.Methods A total of 211 patients with persistent high-risk HPV infection of the cervix who visited Kunming Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital from June 2022 to July 2024 were selected and randomly divided into a follow-up(blank control)group(n=70),an interferon treatment group(n=70),and a combined treatment group(n=71).The follow-up group received regular follow-ups.The interferon treatment group was treated with recombinant human interferon α-2b,and the combined treatment group received a combination of CO2 matrix laser and interferon treatment.The total effective rate,levels of inflammatory factors,and vaginal microecological recovery were compared among the three groups at 3 and 6 months after treatment.Results Overall efficacy:The overall efficacy rates of the combined treatment group at 3 months and 6 months were 73.24%and 81.69%,respectively,significantly higher than those of the interferon group(47.14%and 60.00%)and the blank control group(11.43%and 18.57%)(all P<0.001).Inflammatory factors:Post-treatment levels of IL-1 and TNF-α in the combined treatment group were significantly lower than those in the other two groups(P<0.001).Vaginal microbiota:The combined treatment group had a significantly higher rate of normal PH(84.51%)and normal lactobacillus levels(92.96%)compared to the other two groups(P<0.001).Conclusion CO2 lattice laser combined with interferon can effectively eliminate HPV,improve inflammation and vaginal microenvironment,and demonstrates superior efficacy to monotherapy,with good safety.

Objective To observe the repair effect and mechanism of Danhuang Powder-containing serum on high glucose-induced vascular endothelial cell injury.Methods Danhuang Powder-containing serum was prepared.Human umbilical vein endothelial cells(HUVECs)were cultured to be divided into control group,recombinant human epidermal growth factor(called"growth factor"for short)group,Danhuang Powder group,high glucose group,high glucose+growth factor group,and high glucose+Danhuang Powder group.After corresponding intervention in each group for 48 hours,the cell ultrastructure and autophagy were observed under transmission electron microscope,apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry,and the protein expression levels of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF),epidermal growth factor(EGF)and basic fibroblast growth factor(bFGF)in the cells were detected by Western Blot.Results(1)The intra-mitochondrial ridges in the control group were clearly visible,autophagosomes and autolysosomes were fewer;mitochondria in the high glucose group were swollen and irregular,and appeared vacuolated;and the more typical autophagy-like structures were seen in the high glucose+Danhuang Powder group.(2)Compared with the high glucose group and high glucose+growth factor group,the apoptosis rate of cells in the high glucose+Danhuang Powder group was significantly decreased(P<0.05).(3)Compared with the high glucose group and the high glucose+growth factor group,the protein expression levels of VEGF,EGF and bFGF in the cells of the high glucose+Danhuang Powder group were significantly increased(P<0.05).Conclusion Danhuang Powder-containing serum can reduce the high glucose-induced damage in HUVEC cells,and its mechanism may be related to the activation of mitochondrial autophagy,and the inhibition of apoptosis,as well as the up-regulation of the expression of VEGF,EGF and bFGF.

Objective:To investigate the serum vitamin D levels of elderly pregnant women in Chengdu and e-valuate the effectiveness of the existing conventional supplementation programs.Methods:Pregnant women who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were selected from the samples of elderly pregnant women collected from the Second Hospital of West China,Sichuan University from September 2017 to June 2020 as the research sub-jects.Relevant survey questionnaires were filled out.Calcium tablets were supplemented with multivitamins.Their serum vitamin D levels were detected by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry in early pregnancy(＜14 weeks of gestation),mid pregnancy(14-28 weeks of gestation),and late pregnancy(＞28 weeks of gestation)for sequential investigation and effect evaluation.Results:The average serum vitamin D level of 359 elderly preg-nant women in the early stage of pregnancy was 23.47±10.12 ug/L,with only 22.01％of the pregnant women having sufficient vitamin D.The vitamin D levels of vitamin D-deficient elderly pregnant women increased as the gestational weeks increased after the routine supplementation of vitamin D.Vitamin D levels increased significantly in early pregnancy,reaching 33.47±10.12 ug/L and remain normal thereafter(F=187.255,P＜0.01).Conclu-sion:Elderly pregnant women included in this study generally have vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency,and it is necessary to screen for vitamin D.Those with severe vitamin D deficiency should be supplemented with vitamin D preparations in the early stage of pregnancy.

Objective:To explore the long-term therapeutic efficacy and outcomes of liver transplantation for patients with hepatic myelopathy (HM).Methods:Retrospective analysis of 24 adult liver transplantation recipients due to HM at First Central Municipal Hospital from January 2006 to October 2022. HM was extensively classified by the severity of lower extremity symptoms, degree of muscle stiffness, capability for independent ambulation and muscle strength. Furthermore, their long-term outcomes were examined. From January 2000 to October 2022, the databases of China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) , Google Scholar, PubMed and Web of Science were searched with such keywords as "肝性脊髓病and肝移植" "Hepatic Myelopathy and Liver Transplantation" .Results:After liver transplantation, liver functions and blood ammonia normalized and most clinical symptoms improved. During a follow-up period of (12-190) months, 19 patients showed a lowered grade of HC as compared to pre-transplantation. Four cases achieved a complete recovery of extremity function. No change occurred in severity grade for the remaining 5 patients. However, 4 of them experienced varying degrees of improvement in muscle strength and independent walking capability. This review summarized the clinical characteristics and clinical outcomes of 17 patients from both domestic and international sources. Most of them experiences varying degrees of symptomatic improvements after liver transplantation (16 cases).Conclusions:This study has confirmed the effectiveness of liver transplantation for HM and its contribution to the long-term patient recovery.

Objective:To assess the association of -c.108C>T and c. 192Q>R polymorphisms of paraoxonase 1 ( PON1) gene with preeclampsia (PE) and the influence of genotypes on the metabolic and oxidative stress indexes among Chinese women. Methods:This case-control study has included 334 patients with PE and 1337 healthy pregnant women. The -c.108C>T and c. 192Q>R genotypes were determined by PCR and restriction fragment length polymorphism method. Metabolic and oxidative stress parameters were also analyzed.Results:No statistical difference in the genotypic and allelic frequencies for the -c.108C>T and c. 192Q>R polymorphisms of the PON1 gene was found between the PE patients and the healthy controls ( P>0.05). Nevertheless, the 192Q-108T haplotype of these polymorphisms was associated with an increased risk of PE ( P = 0.007). Total antioxidant capacity(TAC)and atherosderosis index were higher in patients with the -108TT genotype compared with those with a CT genotype ( P < 0.05); whilst total oxidant status was lower in patients with a CT genotype compared with those with a CC genotype ( P = 0.036). Malondialdehyde level was higher in patients with a 192RR genotype compared with those with a QQ genotype ( P = 0.019). TAC level was higher in patients with a RR genotype compared with those with a QR genotype ( P = 0.015). Conclusion:The 192Q-108T haplotype of the PON1 gene is associated with the risk for PE. These polymorphisms may be associated with abnormal lipid metabolism and oxidative stress among Chinese PE patients.

Objective To determine the levels of arsenic in food in Chongqing city,and to assess the levels of dietary arsenic exposure and the associated potential health risks in residents of Chongqing city.Methods By using the monitoring data on arsenic levels in food in Chongqing between 2018 and 2023 in combination with the local dietary survey data for Chongqing from the 2018 China Nutrition and Health Survey Program,and adopting the 2-dimensional Monte Carlo simulation,we made an estimate of the dietary arsenic exposure levels of Chongqing residents.The margin of exposure(MOE)method was applied to assess both non-carcinogenic risks(skin damage)and carcinogenic risks(lung cancer and urinary system cancers)associated with dietary intake of arsenic.Results Out of 4900 food samples,the detection rate of arsenic was 36.40％,with the average levels ranging from the median bound(MB)of 0.020 7 to the upper bound(UB)of 0.023 4 mg/kg.The highest average levels were found in rice and its products,with an MB of 0.0981 and a UB of 0.098 5 mg/kg.The daily average exposure to inorganic arsenic for residents of different ages,sexes,and places of residence was highest in individuals aged 3 to 6,with an MB of 1.046 μg/(kg·d)and a UB of 1.116 μg/(kg·d),and lowest among individuals aged 60 and older.Arsenic exposure was higher in males than that in females and higher in people living in rural areas compared to those in urban areas.In terms of non-carcinogenic risks,the MOE values for inorganic arsenic were always higher than 1 in various populations.As for carcinogenic risks,the MOE values were all less than 100 in various populations.Rice and its products were the main source of dietary arsenic exposure in Chongqing,accounting for 69.97％to 74.37％of the total exposure.Conclusion The non-carcinogenic risk caused by dietary arsenic exposure in Chongqing is relatively low,but there may be a certain level of carcinogenic risk.Continued attentions should be given to dietary arsenic exposure levels in young children.

Objective:To investigate the predictive value of the changes of platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in the therapeutic efficacy of the neoadjuvant treatment for breast cancer.Methods:The clinical data of 72 breast cancer patients who received neoadjuvant therapy in Nantong Tumor Hospital between February 2020 and January 2022 were retrospectively analyzed and the changes of PLR and NLR before and after neoadjuvant therapy were also analyzed. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to assess the predictive value of PLR, NLR and their changes in pathological complete remission (pCR) after neoadjuvant therapy.Results:The area under the ROC curve of PLR and NLR before the treatment, the difference in PLR before and after the treatment (ΔPLR), the difference in NLR before and after the treatment (ΔNLR) in predicting pCR was 0.520, 0.505,0.724 and 0.686,and the corresponding cut-off value was 269.231, 2.559, -2.840 and -1.457; the patients were divided into high and low groups according to the cut-off values. NLR before the treatment was not correlated with clinicopathological characteristics (all P > 0.05),while PLR before the treatment was correlated with tumor size ( P = 0.029), and ΔPLR was correlated with progesterone receptor expression ( P = 0.025), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) expression ( P < 0.001), molecular subtype ( P < 0.001), N stage ( P = 0.002), clinical stage ( P = 0.002) and treatment modality ( P < 0.001). ΔNLR was associated with HER2 expression ( P = 0.002), molecular subtype ( P = 0.024), tumor size ( P = 0.007), neural invasion ( P = 0.006), N stage ( P = 0.006), clinical stage ( P = 0.016) and treatment modality ( P = 0.014). ΔPLR and ΔNLR were influencing factors for patients achieving pCR after neoadjuvant therapy (all P < 0.05). Conclusions:Stage Ⅲ invasive breast cancer patients with higher ΔPLR and ΔNLR after neoadjuvant therapy have better prognosis.