BACKGROUND:Mitochond rial dysfunction leads to cellular senescence and apoptosis,exacerbating tissue damage.Intercellular mitochondrial transfer in injured cells restores mitochondrial function,offering potential therapeutic strategies for mitochondria-related diseases.OBJECTIVE:To review the effects and regulatory mechanisms of intercellular mitochondrial transfer.METHODS:A comprehensive literature search was conducted on mitochondrial transfer between cells in the CNKI and PubMed databases from 2014 to 2024.The Chinese and English search terms used were"mitochondrial transfer,tunneling nanotubes,gap junctions,microvesicles,cell fusion."Eventually,a total of 74 articles were analyzed.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)The present review provides a comprehensive overview of the four principal mechanisms underlying mitochondrial transfer between cells,encompassing tunneling nanotubes,gap junctions,cell fusion,and microvesicles.(2)This article provides a comprehensive analysis of the pivotal roles played by intercellular mitochondrial transfer,encompassing material exchange,transmission of information,enhancement of host cell mitochondrial function,attenuation of oxidative stress,augmentation of cellular proliferation activity,anti-inflammatory effects,and anti-aging properties.(3)The article provides a comprehensive overview of the main regulatory mechanisms involved in cell mitochondria transfer.These include the promotion of tunneling nanotube formation and mitochondrial transfer by Miro 1,dependence of tunneling nanotubes-mediated mitochondrial transfer on host cell cyclic ADP ribose hydrolase expression,induction of tunneling nanotube formation in an oxidative stress environment,Ca2+-dependent gap junctions,influence of Cx43 on gap junction formation,contribution of Ras1 and actin activation to cell fusion,and involvement of actin and Rab6 in the regulation of mitochondrial exocytosis,activation of actin and NAD+-CD38-cADPR-Ca2+signaling pathways for promoting mitochondrial entry.(4)The transfer of mitochondria occurs via tunneling nanotubes,gap junctions,microvesicles,and cell fusion under the influence of cell signaling proteins,proteins associated with cellular dynamics,and oxidative stress.(5)Mitochondrial transfer plays a pivotal role in facilitating both material and information exchange between cells,thereby intimately linking to the onset and progression of diseases,which can provide new ideas for the treatment of mitochondria-related diseases.However,further investigations are warranted to unravel the effects and regulatory mechanisms of intercellular mitochondrial transfer.

Objective To investigate the risk factors of febrile seizures(FS)in children,construct a visualization nomogram predic-tion model of FS and verify its effectiveness.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 1320 children with fever admitted to the Gansu Provincial Maternity and Child-care Hospital(Gansu Provincial Central Hospital)from January 2019 to De-cember 2022.The samples were randomly divided into the training set and the validation set at a ratio of 7∶3.The clinical characteristics and laboratory examination of the two groups were compared.LASSO regression was used to select the risk factors for FS,and multivariate Logistic regression analysis was performed on the predictors,and construction a prediction mode,and the discrimination,calibration and clinical applicability of the model were evaluated.Results The results showed that age,low body weight,peak temperature,diurnal changes in onset,upper respiratory tract infection,serum sodium,serum calcium,white blood cell,procalcitonin were independent risk factors for FS in children.A predictive model was constructed and a nomogram was developed with these factors.The area under the re-ceiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve of the training set and the validation set were 0.870(95％CI:0.847-0.893)and 0.855(95％CI:0.817-0.894),respectively.The calibration plots and Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test showed its satisfactory cali-bration.The decision curve analysis(DCA)curve showed that the model provided a good net benefit with threshold probabilities when training set was＞5％,while in the validation set it was＞8％.Conclusion The risk prediction model based on LASSO-Logistic re-gression analysis can provide reference for early risk assessment of children with FS.

Objective To investigate the risk factors of febrile seizures(FS)in children,construct a visualization nomogram predic-tion model of FS and verify its effectiveness.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 1320 children with fever admitted to the Gansu Provincial Maternity and Child-care Hospital(Gansu Provincial Central Hospital)from January 2019 to De-cember 2022.The samples were randomly divided into the training set and the validation set at a ratio of 7∶3.The clinical characteristics and laboratory examination of the two groups were compared.LASSO regression was used to select the risk factors for FS,and multivariate Logistic regression analysis was performed on the predictors,and construction a prediction mode,and the discrimination,calibration and clinical applicability of the model were evaluated.Results The results showed that age,low body weight,peak temperature,diurnal changes in onset,upper respiratory tract infection,serum sodium,serum calcium,white blood cell,procalcitonin were independent risk factors for FS in children.A predictive model was constructed and a nomogram was developed with these factors.The area under the re-ceiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve of the training set and the validation set were 0.870(95％CI:0.847-0.893)and 0.855(95％CI:0.817-0.894),respectively.The calibration plots and Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test showed its satisfactory cali-bration.The decision curve analysis(DCA)curve showed that the model provided a good net benefit with threshold probabilities when training set was＞5％,while in the validation set it was＞8％.Conclusion The risk prediction model based on LASSO-Logistic re-gression analysis can provide reference for early risk assessment of children with FS.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the serum toll-like receptor 4(TLR4),matrix metalloproteinase-3(MMP-3),in-terleukin-1β(IL-1β)and peripheral blood helper T-cell 17/regulatory T-cell(Th17/Treg)levels in patients with chronic periodontitis infected with porphyromonas gingivalis(Pg),as well as their diagnostic value of Pg infection in patients with chronic periodontitis.METHODS Totally 390 cases of patients with chronic periodontitis who at-tended Tianjin Stomatological Hospital from Jan.2022 to Jan.2024 were selected as the study subjects,and were divided into the infected group(113 cases)and the uninfected group(277 cases)according to Pg infection,and those patients in the infected group were further classified into the mild group(31 cases),the moderate group(45 cases),and the severe group(37 cases)according to the condition of the disease.Serum TLR4,MMP-3,IL-1β,and peripheral blood Th17/Treg levels were compared between the infected and uninfected groups and patients with different conditions of chronic periodontitis Pg infection,and the infected group was included in the positive and the uninfected group was included in the negative,and the receiver's operating characteristics(ROC)curves were plotted to obtain the area under the curve(AUC)to analyze the diagnostic value of single and combined de-tection of serum TLR4,MMP-3,and IL-1β,Peripheral blood Th17/Treg for Pg infection in patients with chronic periodontitis.RESULTS Serum TLR4,MMP-3,IL-1β and peripheral blood Th17/Treg levels in the infected group were(20.41±5.12)ng/ml,(6.12±2.03)μg/L,(10.24±2.19)μg/L and(0.32±0.10),higher than those in the uninfected group(P＜0.05).Serum TLR4,MMP-3,IL-1β and peripheral blood Th17/Treg levels in the se-vere group were(22.58±6.10)ng/ml,(8.12±2.67)μg/L,(12.49±3.10)μg/L and(0.52±0.15),higher than those in the moderate group[(14.78±3.44)ng/ml,(6.15±2.07)μg/L,(7.23±1.99)μg/L and(0.22±0.07)]and mild group(P＜0.05),which in the moderate group was higher than those in the mild group(P＜0.05).The results of ROC analysis showed that the AUC of serum TLR4,MMP-3,IL-1β,and peripheral blood Th17/Treg combined test for diagnosing Pg infection in patients with chronic periodontitis was 0.937,which was higher than that of the four single tests(P＜0.05).CONCLUSION Serum TLR4,MMP-3,IL-1β and peripheral blood Th17/Treg were highly expressed in chronic periodontitis patients infected with Pg,and all four indicators can participate in the progression of the disease,and the combined detection of these four indicators has a higher diagnostic value for Pg infection in patients with chronic periodontitis.

BACKGROUND:Mitochond rial dysfunction leads to cellular senescence and apoptosis,exacerbating tissue damage.Intercellular mitochondrial transfer in injured cells restores mitochondrial function,offering potential therapeutic strategies for mitochondria-related diseases.OBJECTIVE:To review the effects and regulatory mechanisms of intercellular mitochondrial transfer.METHODS:A comprehensive literature search was conducted on mitochondrial transfer between cells in the CNKI and PubMed databases from 2014 to 2024.The Chinese and English search terms used were"mitochondrial transfer,tunneling nanotubes,gap junctions,microvesicles,cell fusion."Eventually,a total of 74 articles were analyzed.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)The present review provides a comprehensive overview of the four principal mechanisms underlying mitochondrial transfer between cells,encompassing tunneling nanotubes,gap junctions,cell fusion,and microvesicles.(2)This article provides a comprehensive analysis of the pivotal roles played by intercellular mitochondrial transfer,encompassing material exchange,transmission of information,enhancement of host cell mitochondrial function,attenuation of oxidative stress,augmentation of cellular proliferation activity,anti-inflammatory effects,and anti-aging properties.(3)The article provides a comprehensive overview of the main regulatory mechanisms involved in cell mitochondria transfer.These include the promotion of tunneling nanotube formation and mitochondrial transfer by Miro 1,dependence of tunneling nanotubes-mediated mitochondrial transfer on host cell cyclic ADP ribose hydrolase expression,induction of tunneling nanotube formation in an oxidative stress environment,Ca2+-dependent gap junctions,influence of Cx43 on gap junction formation,contribution of Ras1 and actin activation to cell fusion,and involvement of actin and Rab6 in the regulation of mitochondrial exocytosis,activation of actin and NAD+-CD38-cADPR-Ca2+signaling pathways for promoting mitochondrial entry.(4)The transfer of mitochondria occurs via tunneling nanotubes,gap junctions,microvesicles,and cell fusion under the influence of cell signaling proteins,proteins associated with cellular dynamics,and oxidative stress.(5)Mitochondrial transfer plays a pivotal role in facilitating both material and information exchange between cells,thereby intimately linking to the onset and progression of diseases,which can provide new ideas for the treatment of mitochondria-related diseases.However,further investigations are warranted to unravel the effects and regulatory mechanisms of intercellular mitochondrial transfer.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the serum toll-like receptor 4(TLR4),matrix metalloproteinase-3(MMP-3),in-terleukin-1β(IL-1β)and peripheral blood helper T-cell 17/regulatory T-cell(Th17/Treg)levels in patients with chronic periodontitis infected with porphyromonas gingivalis(Pg),as well as their diagnostic value of Pg infection in patients with chronic periodontitis.METHODS Totally 390 cases of patients with chronic periodontitis who at-tended Tianjin Stomatological Hospital from Jan.2022 to Jan.2024 were selected as the study subjects,and were divided into the infected group(113 cases)and the uninfected group(277 cases)according to Pg infection,and those patients in the infected group were further classified into the mild group(31 cases),the moderate group(45 cases),and the severe group(37 cases)according to the condition of the disease.Serum TLR4,MMP-3,IL-1β,and peripheral blood Th17/Treg levels were compared between the infected and uninfected groups and patients with different conditions of chronic periodontitis Pg infection,and the infected group was included in the positive and the uninfected group was included in the negative,and the receiver's operating characteristics(ROC)curves were plotted to obtain the area under the curve(AUC)to analyze the diagnostic value of single and combined de-tection of serum TLR4,MMP-3,and IL-1β,Peripheral blood Th17/Treg for Pg infection in patients with chronic periodontitis.RESULTS Serum TLR4,MMP-3,IL-1β and peripheral blood Th17/Treg levels in the infected group were(20.41±5.12)ng/ml,(6.12±2.03)μg/L,(10.24±2.19)μg/L and(0.32±0.10),higher than those in the uninfected group(P＜0.05).Serum TLR4,MMP-3,IL-1β and peripheral blood Th17/Treg levels in the se-vere group were(22.58±6.10)ng/ml,(8.12±2.67)μg/L,(12.49±3.10)μg/L and(0.52±0.15),higher than those in the moderate group[(14.78±3.44)ng/ml,(6.15±2.07)μg/L,(7.23±1.99)μg/L and(0.22±0.07)]and mild group(P＜0.05),which in the moderate group was higher than those in the mild group(P＜0.05).The results of ROC analysis showed that the AUC of serum TLR4,MMP-3,IL-1β,and peripheral blood Th17/Treg combined test for diagnosing Pg infection in patients with chronic periodontitis was 0.937,which was higher than that of the four single tests(P＜0.05).CONCLUSION Serum TLR4,MMP-3,IL-1β and peripheral blood Th17/Treg were highly expressed in chronic periodontitis patients infected with Pg,and all four indicators can participate in the progression of the disease,and the combined detection of these four indicators has a higher diagnostic value for Pg infection in patients with chronic periodontitis.

Objective: To develop a method for determination of metabolites of diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI) in urine, i.e. methylenedianiline (MDA) by high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass (LC-MS-MS) . Methods: Urine samples were prepared by hydrolyzation with sulfuric acid and extraction by acetonitrile, and then separated on a Shim-pack XR-ODS column, analyzed with high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) . The external solvent standard calibration were tested. Results: The linearity ranges were 0.05~20.00 μg/L, The related coefficients were 0.999 5. The limit of detection was 0.02 μg/L. The rats of recovery were 91.0%~103.4%. The relative standard deviations were between 2.7%~7.3%. Conclusion The method was sensitive, accurate and suitable for the MDA determination in urine of MDI exposed population.

Objective: The present study investigated the role of a diode laser in the treatment of fistula chronic periapical periodontitis in elderly people. Methods : A total of 114 cases of fistula chronic periapical periodontitis in the elderly were randomly divided into an experimental group and control group. In the experimental group, a diode laser was used to disinfect the root canal and the internal wall of the fistula after root canal preparation, and Vitapex paste was used in both groups for root canal disinfection. The control group was treated with conventional root canal therapy without laser treatment. The fistula healing rate was calculated, and root canal filling was performed in both groups two weeks later if the fistula was healed. A curative effect was observed at 3 months and 12 months. Results : The fistula healing rate was 90.0% in the experimental group and 75.8% in the control group after 2 weeks. There was a significant difference between the two groups at 2 weeks (χ2 = 4.19, P < 0.05) but not at 3 months and 12 months (P > 0.05). Conclusion The use of a diode laser to disinfect the root canal and fistula of teeth in the elderly with fistula periapical periodontitis can significantly shorten the healing time of fistula.

Objective To investigate the mode and effects of clinical pharmacists participating in clinical treatment and providing pharmaceutical care. Methods The clinical pharmacists participated in the treatment of the case of thymoma complicated with pulmonary infection in respiratory intensive care unit (RICU),associated with the myasthenia gravis (MG), pure red cell aplasia (PRCA) and lower extremity deep vein thrombolysis (LEDVT),through adjustment of drug regimen, observation of curative effect,monitoring blood drug concentration and adverse reaction and interaction monitoring,which could give full play to the professional expertise of pharmacy,and contribute to the clinical rational drug use. Results For patients with impaired immune function complicated with pulmonary infection,the opportunistic infections require special attention,during the initial anti-infective therapy.When the patient was unable to tolerate high doses of sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim (SMZ-TMP),the clinical pharmacist recommended to use caspofungin for the combined treatment of pneumocystis pneumonia.When voriconazole and cyclosporine A (CsA) were used at the same time,the blood drug concentration of CsA would be increased,due to drug interactions probably.To solve the problem,clinical pharmacists recommended a temporary reduction in CsA dose. Conclusion Clinical pharmacists use pharmaceutical expertise to help optimize clinical treatment regimens,can improve the safety and effectiveness of drug treatment.

Objective: To establish ion chromatography method to determine thiocyanate within urine of workers who were exposed to cyanide. Methods: After the workers work, used 50 ml centrifuge tube to collect the urine of workers about 20 ml.The urine were tested by centrifugation, dilution and filtration by C₁₈ column, thiocyanate was separated by AS₁₆ and mobile phase elution by KOH, detected by electrical circuitryconductivity detector, quantitative by the standard curve method. Results: The linear correlation coefficient of thiocyanate within the range of 0.1-5.0 μg/ml was more than 0.999. The method detection limit was 0.11μg/ml (in 1ml urine) , the method quantitative limit was 0.35 μg/ml. The method recoveries were 95.1%-99.7%. The within-day precision range was 0.54%-2.05%, The between-run precision range was 2.06%-5.09%. Sample stability test showed that thiocyanate samples could be stored for 5 days at room temperature and 7 days at 4 ℃, could be stored for 14 days at-20 ℃. Conclusion The technical indicator of method compliance with rule of Guide for establishing occupation health standards-Part 5: determination methods of chemicals in biological materials (GBZ/T 210.5-2008) , the method applies to workers who were exposed to cyanide.